Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that is complex and involves genetics, environmental factors, and an imbalance in the gut microbiota.
I. **
Essential**. Increased secretion of inflammatory factors: A variety of factors may lead to abnormal secretion of inflammatory factors, causing persistent inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and damage to barrier function.
Genetic predisposition: ulcerative colitis has a familial aggregation characteristic that may be related to genetic factors.
Intestinal dysbiosis: Abnormal types, numbers and functions of the intestinal flora may lead to the development of diseases, as indirectly demonstrated by the effectiveness of antibiotics**.
Predisposing factors. Poor diet, intestinal infections, climate change, etc., may increase the risk of illness or **.
The association between appendectomy and the risk of ulcerative colitis is controversial.
2. Epidemiology
The prevalence of ulcerative colitis is higher in Northern Europe, North America, etc., and lower in Asia, Africa, etc., which may be related to dietary lifestyle, environmental factors, etc.
3. Symptoms
Mucopus and bloody stool: This is the main symptom of ulcerative colitis and reflects the degree of activity of the condition.
Abdominal pain: usually labor pain in the left lower quadrant or lower abdomen, which may be relieved by the urge to defecate and after defecation.
Other symptoms: including bloating, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, etc.
Accompanying symptoms: fever is common in active patients, and severe cases may be accompanied by malnutrition and various joint inflammations.
Fourth, inspection
Tests such as blood routine and stool routine help to make the diagnosis, and colonoscopy combined with biopsy is the key to confirming the diagnosis. If colonoscopy is not possible, alternative tests such as a barium enema, intestinal ultrasound, or CT colonography may be used.
Five, **
*The goal is to relieve symptoms, promote mucosal healing, and prevent complications. Options include medications and surgery, as well as dietary management and psychological support.
Drugs**: aminosalicylic acid preparations, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, etc.
Surgery**: Usually with total colectomy plus ileal pouch anastomosis, for critically ill patients or complications.
Others**: including probiotics, dietary fiber, fish oil, etc., but further research is needed to confirm their effectiveness.
Frontier**: Biologics such as infliximal antibody (IFX) for refractory cases.
6. Prognosis
Ulcerative colitis is a lifelong disease, and the prognosis is good for mild patients and poor for severe patients or complications.
7. Complications
Including toxic megacolon, carcinogenesis, intestinal hemorrhage, acute intestinal perforation, intestinal obstruction, etc.
8. Daily management
During the attack, it is necessary to go to the toilet frequently, pay attention to psychological adjustment, and eat a light and easy to digest diet to avoid spicy and intestinal infections.
9. Traditional Chinese Medicine**
Traditional Chinese medicine understanding: Chinese medicine believes that ulcerative colitis is related to the weakness of the spleen and stomach, dampness and heat, and pays attention to reconciling the spleen and stomach, clearing heat and dampness.
*Method: Traditional Chinese medicine** is used to clear away heat and dampness, warm the kidneys and strengthen the spleen, reconcile the liver and spleen, etc., and commonly used prescriptions include pulsatilla soup, Lizhong soup, etc., and traditional Chinese medicine such as Coptis chinensis, Muxiang, white peony, etc.
Through the use of traditional Chinese medicine, it can effectively improve symptoms, promote ulcer healing, reduce and increase the rate.