History is always strikingly similar, at the end of each dynasty, most of them are the same, the government is corrupt, natural and man-made disasters are continuous, land annexation is serious, and the displaced people are lost.
Everybody knows,The king is like a boat, the people are like water, and the water can carry the boat and capsize the boat. But at the critical moment, how many people can think of the suffering of the people? The so-called prosperity of the people suffers, and when they die, the people also suffer.
Generations of farmers are hardworking, resilient, and easy to fool, but if they can eat a mouthful of food, who is willing to rise up? So what exactly are the causes of those famous peasant revolts in history? The result?
One: Qin, Daze Township uprising.
Although the first great empire wanted to be passed down for generations, it was obvious that they were not ready, and they kept up with their ambitions, and the pattern of Shanghai was still a little bit worse.
In 209 B.C., the Qin court levied the poor people to garrison Yuyang, and the road through Daze Township encountered heavy rain, and could not reach the destination as scheduled, and should be beheaded according to the law.
Sticking out his head and shrinking his head is also a knife, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang among the poor people killed the officers who escorted the guards, launched a mutiny, and shouted: What kind of prince will Xiangning have? The uprising quickly swept across the country.
The uprising lasted for six months and failed due to the suppression of Zhang Han, the last famous general of the Great Qin, but the uprising of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang fundamentally shook the rule of the Qin dynasty.
Two: Han, the Yellow Turban Rebellion.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the eunuchs of foreign relatives fought endlessly, the court was corrupt, and the famine continued for many years, and the land that the peasants relied on for survival was not harvested, but no one cared about their life or death, and the taxes could not be less.
Jizhou Julu people Zhang Jiao, teaching ** spells and spells, claiming to be a great sage and good teacher, founded the Taiping Dao, to save people with water to bewitch the homeless people, in the period of material scarcity, spiritual worship became a matter of courseAs a result, Zhang Jiao's Taiping Dao rapidly developed hundreds of thousands of believers.
In 184 A.D., Zhang Jiao played the slogan "The sky is dead, the yellow sky should stand, the age is in Jiazi, the world is auspicious", called himself the general of Tiangong, and ordered the followers to launch an uprising with yellow turbans, and launched a fierce attack on the bureaucracy and landlords.
The Yellow Turban Rebellion was like a bamboo, forming a prairie fire, and the Han court had no choice but to allow strong conscription to resist in various places, and under the conquest of the three generals Huangfu Song, Zhu Jun and Lu Zhi at the end of the Han Dynasty, the Yellow Turban Rebellion was suppressed in less than a year.
Although the Yellow Turban Rebellion subsided, because of the conquest of the Yellow Turbans, the warlords in various places rose, opening the era of the Three Kingdoms competing for hegemony, and the Han Dynasty entered the countdown.
Three: Tang, Wang Xianzhi's Yellow Nest Uprising.
During the reign of Tang Yizong, there were already signs of peasant uprisings in various places, because of the war against Nanzhao, taxes were often levied in advance for two or three years, which can make the people how to liveThe Qiu Fu uprising and Pang Xun's uprising had already made the stormy Tang Dynasty anxious.
When Xizong succeeded to the throne, it was a rare drought in a hundred years, and there was no harvest of 100 acres of fertile land.
The key is that this kind of nonsense is actually believed by the sect, thinking that the government is in harmony with the people and the world is peaceful.
In 875, Wang Xianzhi, a salt dealer, claimed to be the general of the Tianzhu Average and the commander of all the nobles in the sea, and issued a document to reprimand the Tang Dynasty officials for being greedy and heavy taxes, rewarding and punishing them unevenly, and raising the banner of the uprising, and Huang Chao, who was also a salt dealer, immediately responded.
These two people were not peasants, they were two speculative businessmen, but they instigated peasants who were forced to live by natural and man-made disasters.
Three years later, Wang Xian died in battle, and Huang Chao called himself "General Chongtian", with the year name "Wang Ba", and gathered more than 100,000 people to continue fighting.
It lasted until 884, and the peasant uprising, which lasted for nine years, was declared a failure under the siege and interception of various Jiedu envoys, and Huang Chao committed suicide in defeat.
Although Wang Xianzhi's Huangchao uprising failed, and it was not forced by life to lead the uprising as a merchant, there was a certain purpose of speculation, but in the process of the uprising,The idea of "equalization" implemented by them occupies an important position in the history of peasant warfare in China's feudal society.
Four: Yuan, the Red Turban Army uprising
If you want to say that in the history of the feudal dynasty, the most righteous person in the country must be Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, who was born purely as a homeless person, and has never eaten a mouthful of official food from the Yuan Dynasty, so there is no saying that he lifted the table and scolded his mother, I really can't survive anymore and follow the rebel army to find a stutter, and this rebel army is the Red Turban Army.
Also in the last years of the dynasty, with serious taxes and natural disasters, the religious team led by Han Shantong and Liu Futong led the believers to launch an uprising, and all parts of the country responded, all under the name of the Red Turban Army against the Yuan Dynasty.
After Liu Futong died in Han Shantong, he set up Han Shantong's son as "King Xiao Ming" and the founding name of "Great Song", and the rebel armies in various places had the backbone, and it was also in this troubled era that Zhu Yuanzhang walked step by step to the center of power.
In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang, who had already unified the Red Turban Army, shouted the slogan of "expelling Hulu, restoring China, establishing Chen Ji, and relieving the people", established the Ming Dynasty, and the uprising was successful.
Most of the peasant uprisings in history ended in failure, on the one hand, because of the peasants' lack of military literacy, and on the other hand, because of the limitations of the classAs a disadvantaged group who are content with food rations, they can often quickly open up the situation after the uprising because they want to survive, but after gaining an advantage to solve the problem of food and clothing, they will gradually lose their enthusiasm for struggle, which is probably why the peasant uprising that was forced to be helpless could respond to every call and then quickly fall out.
Yellow Nest Uprising