Parkinson's disease, also known as parkinsonism, is a chronic, progressive degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Patients may have motor dysfunction, cognitive dysfunction, language disorder, dysphagia, psychological disorders, etc.
1. Motor dysfunction: manifested as decreased and slow movements, abnormal posture and gait. Balance disorders and gait abnormalities are the main causes of falls and injuries when walking. Postural abnormalities are mainly manifested in flexion postures, such as bowing the head and the lower jaw near the chest wall. Hand deformities manifest as ulnar deviation, metacarpophalangeal flexion, etc.;
2. Cognitive dysfunction: patients have comprehensive cognitive decline in memory, thinking, intelligence, etc., especially in operational function and memory dysfunction;
3. Language disorder: It mainly causes dysarthria, which is mainly manifested by a decrease in the movement rate and range of movement of the lips and tongue, and the movement speed of the palate may also be slowed down;
4. Dysphagia: manifested as coughing during eating, food adhering to the larynx, difficulty swallowing, decreased pharyngeal peristalsis, and weakened swallowing reflex;
5. Psychological disorders: patients are accompanied by depression and anxiety.
Comprehensive use of drugs, surgery, exercise, psychology, and strengthening daily care, nursing and other means to synthesize**, improve functional disorders:
1. Drug**: It is the preferred method, you can take drugs to control the patient's hand tremor, limb stiffness and other motor symptoms, and can also solve some non-motor symptoms such as constipation, insomnia, mental disorders, etc., the commonly used drugs mainly include levodopa, pramipexole, amantadine, etc.
2. Surgery**: If the drug is ineffective, surgery such as deep brain stimulation can also be considered.
3. Psychological **: In ordinary times, it is necessary to strengthen the psychological counseling of patients, and if necessary, you can find a psychologist to give psychological **.
4. Exercise: Because the long-term slow movement causes the patient's limb activities to be affected, the patient will be somewhat anxious and depressed, and the patient's exercise can be strengthened, and under the guidance of the doctor, the exercise to strengthen the strength of the muscles of the hands and feet, stability and balance can delay the progression of the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease to a certain extent.
5. Daily nursing: In the late stage, because of slow activity and stiff limbs, patients often need to stay in bed for a long time, and even have serious difficulties in eating and swallowing. Once the patient has complications such as pneumonia, bedsores, malnutrition, etc., he or she should be sent to the hospital for treatment in time.