Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China has developed rapidly in many fields, creating one miracle after another, breaking the prejudice of other countries against us.
China has always been a great advocate of "cooperation for win-win results", and it will be very difficult to achieve major success in one field by relying on one's own strength.
But if we cooperate with each other, then we will definitely get twice the result with half the effort, but this is the conceptBut there was a disagreement with the "hegemon" of the United States at that timeThe United States has always pursued hegemonism and wants to be the only one that dominates.
Judging from China's development in recent years, China has obviously gradually narrowed the gap with the United States, and in order to "suppress" China, the United States has imposed a scientific and technological blockade on China.
One of the most popular is chipsIn the chip industry, China was indeed "stunned" at the beginning, and there was no talent for talent, and there was no science and technology for science and technology.
But at present, China's chip research has achieved a counterattack, from relying on imported chips, being restricted everywhere, and then breaking the scientific and technological blockade, China's scientific researchers have made great contributions.
The rapid development of our country has indeed shocked Western countries, but they have not panicked at all, because the research of chips is not to be feared at all, and they have a bigger "hole card" in their hands.
And this "hole card" is more restrictive to our countryAlmost 90% of the world's market is monopolized by the United States and Japan, and China can only study it on its own.
And this technology is crucial for the production of high-end chips, but it cannot be studied overnight, and China can't even do high imitation.
What exactly is this important "hole card"? Why can't China do that?
Looking at the history of our country's development, we can find an important problem.
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China has entered a new era, the people are happy, and all walks of life are waiting to be rebuilt.
It seems that everything is going in a good direction, but there is a huge crisis hidden.
China's scientific and technological development lagged behind Western countries in the beginning, and there were many gaps between them.
At a time when China has not yet found the way to scientific research, Western countries have entered a period of rapid development.
And because of the leading technology, they have also gained huge wealth.
At the same time, the United States, with its advanced technology, pursued hegemonism and became a superpower.
At the moment, China is still worried about talent and technology, and is working hard for the development of science and technology.
After entering the 21st century, China has invested a lot of money and energy in the field of scientific and technological research and development.
Although it has also made considerable achievements, it is still a big step behind the United States and other Western countries.
In fact, it can be seen from the development of the country that the improvement of science and technology is very important for the development of a country.
"Science and technology are the primary productive forces" tells us that society has already entered the era of science and technology.
Among them, the chip industry is the top priority, and it has been integrated into all walks of life.
Judging from the data, China's initial chips were imported from Western countries in large quantities.
But this means that the country's development will be limited everywhere, and it will not be able to fully grasp the technology.
Therefore, China has increased its support for scientific research and successfully broken this dilemma.
Success in the chip industry can basically achieve self-sufficiency in chips in the low-end field.
But before my country struck while the iron was hot, it continued to follow up the research and make the chip to the next level.
Facing our country is another major problem, which has not yet been overcome.
Even more serious than the chip restrictions, that is, the United States and Japan monopolize 90% of the world's semiconductor materials.
As the old saying goes, "It is difficult for a good woman to cook without rice".
In the R&D process, technical personnel are very important, but raw materials and equipment tools are equally important.
If there are no raw materials and equipment and tools, it is equivalent to a chef cooking without seasonings and ingredients.
Therefore, in chip research and development, in addition to scientific researchers, the most important thing is optical conductor materials and equipment.
How important are photoconductor materials? It's the equivalent of hooking up to a high-performance chip.
If there is no optical conductor material, it is simply "more difficult" for China to develop high-end chips.
And in doing so, isn't it equivalent to returning to the predicament of being restricted everywhere at that time?
But there is no way to do it, the United States and Japan have an absolute advantage in semiconductor materials.
Combined, the two countries have a monopoly on almost 90% of the world's semiconductor materials.
In this way, my country is equivalent to being "stuck", because even if we have developed high-end chips, we have broken the blockade of high-end chips.
Raw materials for chips can only be obtained through imports, which is restricted in this regard.
Moreover, semiconductor materials rely on China's existing technology, and there is no way to be studied.
Take silicon, for example, silicon is also one of the basic materials for chip manufacturing, and it is also very important.
The purity of silicon refining in China has been able to reach 999% or so.
If you can't be self-sufficient, you can export and sell to other countries.
However, the silicon purity required for the chip is too high, and it needs to reach 99More than 99%.
However, China has not fully mastered such a high-purity refining technology, and more is imported.
The most important thing is that the raw materials can not be deceived at all, and find a replacement.
Because in technology, a small error in data or materials can lead to failure.
Therefore, even if China has the technology and ability to produce chips, the production direction is mainly low-end chips.
There is a great demand for low-end chips in the market, and China can also be self-sufficient.
But there are no semiconductor materials, once high-end chips are needed, China can only import them from other countries.
And, most importantly, this high-end chip is more complex than we think.
Some professionals have said that according to China's current technology, it is difficult to imitate high-end chips.
Not to mention independent research and development without semiconductor materials.
It is understood that the United States has the world's largest semiconductor chip manufacturer and has an advantage in semiconductor materials.
As the "little brother" of the United States, Japan has cooperated with both sides, and of course it has received a lot of help.
As a result, Japan is the world's largest exporter of semiconductor materials, exporting semiconductor materials to other countries.
China also does not want to be re-pinched the "lifeblood", and is working hard to develop semiconductor material technology.
I hope that one day, my country will no longer be restricted everywhere and the development of science and technology will reach a higher level.
In addition to this, there is a very important material, which is also monopolized by the United States and Japan.
That is photoresist, also known as photoresist, which is a special photosensitive material.
In addition, photoresists play a key role in the pattern definition phase of chip manufacturing.
It is understood that when producing chips, lasers need to be used to draw the required chip circuit diagram on the chip.
However, due to the characteristics of the chip, it is not harmful to let the laser draw an image directly on the silicon wafer of the chip.
At this time, photoresist needs to be used, first apply an appropriate amount of photoresist to the silicon wafer.
Then, draw the required chip circuit diagram on the photoresist and expose the photoresist to ultraviolet light.
After that, after the technician processes it, the circuit diagram on the photoresist is engraved on the chip.
Therefore, photoresists are as important as semiconductor materials.
The quality and performance of the photoresist will directly affect the drawing circuit diagram on the chip.
Again, it will affect the operation and performance of this chip.
Even if China has made great achievements in photoresist, it can only be enough.
And photoresist is also divided into high-end and low-end, and China's photoresist has always been generally used on low-end chips.
There are also breakthroughs in high-end photoresists, but there is still a lot of gap from precision, which can only be about 20 nanometers.
If you want to develop high-end chips, you still need to import materials.
In addition to being limited in the raw materials for the production of chips, our country also lacks the most important equipment.
If semiconductor equipment is the key core of chip manufacturing, then lithography machines are essential tools for chip manufacturing.
We all know that chips are divided into high-end chips and low-end chips, and their performance and power consumption are very different.
As mentioned above, the production of chips requires a laser to engrave the circuit diagram onto the chip.
When engraving the circuit diagram, it is necessary to pay attention to the accuracy of the image and not to make the slightest error.
Generally speaking, low-end chips need to be accurate below 100 nanometers, while high-end chips need to be below 7 nanometers.
From the gap between the two, it can be seen that the instruments required for high-end chips are more sophisticated.
However, China's optical instrument industry started late, and the R&D system is not complete.
Therefore, China's high-end optical instruments rely on imports, and can only produce low-end optical instruments.
The production of high-end chips requires high-end EUV lithography machines, which still needs time to be developed for China.
But there are other complicated steps in the production process of high-end chips.
The high-end lithography machine is only responsible for the "lithography" of the chip.
Other processes also require corresponding instruments to be made, and these instruments are also very precise.
Therefore, in order to achieve self-sufficiency in high-end chips, China also needs to continue to invest in research and development.
It is undeniable that China did start late in the research and development of semiconductors and other fields.
At that time, in addition to the lack of talents in this area, China lacked the corresponding instruments and raw materials.
That's what led to the current situation, but our country is already catching up. **Ten Thousand Powder Incentive Plan Although China has the technology and ability to produce chips, it cannot exert its strength, and the semiconductor technology that China currently masters is only "entry-level".
But I believe that with the determination of our country and the efforts of all scientific researchersAs long as you are willing to move forward in a down-to-earth manner, you will be able to achieve a counterattack again one day.