On September 16, 1982, an old man with a heavy face at Beijing International Airport quietly welcomed a special relative from Taiwan--- sister in an urn.
This old man's name is Xiao Mingzhu, and he is the elder brother of the revolutionary martyr Xiao Minghua. When Xiao Minghua's remains were buried in the Martyrs Forest Garden of Babaoshan in Beijing, her life was not engraved on the tombstone, but only the words "return" were written.
These three words are not only a call to the heroic sons and daughters of the motherland, but also an expectation for the reunification of the motherland.
Xiao Minghua was born in Jiaxing in 1922 and studied at the Kaifeng Normal School in Henan Province in his early years, and is a native of Chaozhou, Shantou. Teochew people are known as the "Jews of the East". On the one hand, this title affirms the wisdom and wisdom of the Chaozhou people, and it is also a portrayal of the unity and self-confidence of the Chaozhou people.
Xiao Minghua's father concentrated the advantages of Chaoshan people, and while he took the whole family around to earn a living, he also worked hard to support the children in the family to study. This was a very insightful move in that era of war and chaos.
Xiao Minghua's eldest sister suffers from meningitis, except for Xiao Minghua's eldest sister who did not study due to illness, the other three elder brothers and Xiao Minghua have received a good education since childhood.
Xiao Minghua in her girlhood was smart and smart, she was full of talent and witty, and was loved by her family as "Huabao". "Huabao" liked poetry and songs since he was a child, wandered in ancient styles, and wrote some small and fresh literary works, which was one of Xiao Minghua's hobbies at that time.
Library of Peking Normal University.
With the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Xiao Minghua arrived in Chongqing with his parents and family. Xiao Minghua, who studied at Chongqing Normal School, gradually received education in new ideas and concepts at this time, and was also full of love for the "new literature" at that time.
The most admired and favorite writer of "Huabao" at that time was Mr. Lu Xun in Shanghai. From Mr. Lu Xun's works, Xiao Minghua can always feel a positive force.
Inspired by this power, Xiao Minghua began his own path of literary creation. Her thoughtful literary works were well received in the literary circles at that time, and Ms. Bingxin called her "the most potential female writer in China at present".
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Xiao Minghua returned to his hometown in Zhejiang by boat with his family. When the passenger ferry they were riding on reached a section of the Yangtze River with strong currents, they met the oncoming Kuomintang grain carrier.
Because the river is too narrow, it seems that the two boats that met are about to collide. Instead of trying to evade the Kuomintang grain ships on the other side, they shouted for the large passenger ship carrying people to make an emergency U-turn to make way for the official ships carrying grain.
The Yangtze River encountered a Kuomintang grain ship and was forced to dock.
At that time, turning around in the area where the reefs on both sides of the Yangtze River were lined with reefs was undoubtedly more than lucky. The captain of the passenger ship, considering the safety of the passengers on board, did not follow the instructions of the Kuomintang officers on the grain ship.
This angered the officers and men of the Kuomintang grain ship, and they even began to shoot and threaten the passenger ship regardless of the safety of the passengers.
The captain of the passenger liner took emergency measures as a last resort, and in the process of turning the bow of the ship, it hit a reef in the river, and the hull of the ship suddenly fell into a strong turbulence. Fortunately, at that time, the passenger ship was relatively close to the shore, and the passenger ship barely found a place to dock.
Seeing that the passenger ship was in turmoil, the hull gradually showed signs of sinking. The passengers on the passenger ship panicked and fled everywhere. At this time, Xiao Minghua and his nephew Xiao Mu were not afraid of danger, and while comforting their mother and family, they sent their families ashore in an orderly manner.
Under Xiao Minghua's arrangement, although the family experienced a catastrophe, the property they carried with them did not suffer any loss because of this. Xiao Minghua, who carried his mother ashore on his back, saw the innocent and injured people on the shore and became disgusted with the actions of the Kuomintang.
After experiencing some things in his life of exile, Xiao Minghua had a preliminary understanding of the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Red Army.
Later, Xiao Minghua, who went to study at Peking Normal University, met Zhu Fangchun, a close friend of his brother Xiao Mingzhu.
Peking Normal University.
Since the Xiao family was in Chongqing, Zhu Fangchun often came to the Xiao family to find Xiao Mingzhu. Xiao Minghua and Zhu Fangchun are also relatively familiar. When Xiao Minghua was studying at Peking Normal University, he had a certain intersection with Zhu Fangchun, who was working in educational psychology at Peking Normal University at that time.
At that time, Xiao Minghua specialized in Chinese phonetics. In his spare time, Xiao Minghua often listens to Zhu Fangchun's lectures. Educational psychology is an independent psychological discipline created by Thorndike, the famous founder of psychology in the United States.
It mainly studies the psychological phenomena and the laws of psychological development of students under the conditions of education and teaching from the perspective of cause and effect.
According to the current situation of education in Beiping Normal University at that time, Zhu Fangchun set up courses with the aim of all-round development of students in moral, intellectual and physical aspects, and combined with the current social situation to make students become an artificial structure that meets the requirements of society.
Due to the popularity of this new discipline at Peking Normal University at that time, it not only played a role in improving traditional teaching methods and stimulating students' motivation to learn, but also helped students face various challenges and difficulties encountered in the process of growth.
In the interaction with the students, Zhu Fangchun not only established a good relationship of trust with the students, but also made Xiao Minghua, who often came to the lectures, gradually full of yearning for the new ideas and concepts taught by Zhu Fangchun.
Peking students give lectures.
After coming and going, Xiao Minghua and Zhu Fangchun gradually became familiar. Together, they discuss difficult problems in their studies and talk about their ideals and beliefs. Xiao Minghua was infected by the heroic righteousness faintly revealed by this psychology professor. And Zhu Fangchun was also attracted by the revolutionary enthusiasm shown by Xiao Minghua.
After a period of observation, Zhu Fangchun was convinced that Xiao Minghua recognized and longed for revolutionary work very much, so he revealed his true identity: the main person in charge of the enemy engineering department of the Hebei ** Revolutionary Military Region.
Xiao Minghua was overjoyed and proposed to join the Communist Party of China, and under Zhu Fangchun's intentional cultivation, Xiao Minghua's progress was very fast.
In the summer of 1947, Xiao Minghua's application to join the party was approved organizationally. He also gave Xiao Minghua an arduous task: "Immediately go to Taiwan to engage in intelligence work." ”
Because the Liberation War at that time was already in the strategic stage, the Kuomintang that was losing and retreating had withdrawn from Taiwan from the covert layout. At the critical moment of the war, whether or not China can be won in one fell swoop and completely liberate China requires not only strategic deployment, but also timely understanding of the enemy's intelligence.
Upon learning of the Kuomintang's plan to retreat, our army must do a good job of preventive work in advance and arrange corresponding intelligence personnel in Taiwan as soon as possible. At that time, Xiao Minghua was about to graduate from Peking Normal University, and it was normal for him to choose to go to Taiwan for employment at that time.
Xiao Minghua taught --- Tai Jingnong in Taiwan.
Another important reason for the organization to arrange Xiao Minghua's trip to Taiwan was that Xiao Minghua's teacher at Chongqing Normal University, Tai Jingnong, was in Taiwan at that time. Tai Ching-nong went to teach at National Taiwan University in 1946 and has a certain reputation in Taiwan.
Xiao Minghua, as Tai Jingnong's proud protégé that year, defected to his teacher after graduation, which is human nature. At the same time, Xiao Minghua can have a relatively credible and safe identity in Taiwan.
After explaining the organizational considerations to Xiao Minghua, Zhu Fangchun reminded Xiao Minghua that engaging in intelligence work under the nose of the enemy is a very dangerous job and may be sacrificed at any time, and hopes that she will make a decision after serious consideration.
Xiao Minghua heard Zhu Fangchun's worries, and immediately said categorically, "I have been thinking about it for a long time, please rest assured that the party organization is willing to do my best to do this work well..."
Tai Ching-nong, who was teaching in Taiwan, learned that Xiao Minghua was about to graduate, and in 1948 he wrote several letters inviting Xiao Minghua to go to Taiwan to engage in education. Xiao Minghua immediately reported the matter to the organization.
The organization thought that the time was ripe, so they agreed to Xiao Minghua's request. Before leaving, Xiao Minghua rushed to his hometown overnight to visit his parents. And with guilt, he told his parents that he was going to Taiwan to teach.
Tai Jingnong. She knows that this trip has a long way to go, and perhaps this reunion is a farewell, and in addition to being sad, she told her parents over and over again to take care of her health. Although the parents are reluctant, they are very much in agreement with their daughter's choice.
They didn't know their daughter's state of mind at this time, and they didn't know that this farewell would be forever. But he still comforted his daughter vigorously, "Silly girl, it's not that you won't come back." ”
After Xiao Minghua arrived in Taiwan, he came to Taiwan Normal School to teach at the recommendation of Tai Jingnong. At the same time, in order to better engage in intelligence work, she also found a part-time job in the newspaper and worked as an editor and reporter in "Chinese **".
Not long after Xiao Minghua settled in Taiwan, Zhu Fangchun also came to Taiwan under the pseudonym "Yu Fei" in order to cooperate with her work. In order to better engage in underground intelligence work, Xiao Minghua and Zhu Fangchun are commensurate with husband and wife.
When Xiao Minghua was engaged in journalism, he began to deliberately associate with local progressives, and at the same time, some important figures from all walks of life in Taiwan also admired Xiao Minghua's beauty and talent, and preferred to associate with Xiao Minghua.
Xiao Minghua's elegant conversation and gentle temperament gradually had a certain impact on Taiwan's "high society".
At that time, in the midst of the defeat and retreat, in order to expand its influence, the Kuomintang began to preach and give lectures in the name of the "Social Science Research Society".
The direction of research of the Social Science Research Society is similar to that of Professor Yu Fei. Professor Yu Fei naturally became the keynote speaker for these lectures.
Aiming at this opportunity, "Yu Fei" and Xiao Minghua's bold ideas took these public propaganda as an opportunity to propagate and train a group of revolutionary backbones.
After careful arrangement, the two discovered and cultivated a group of progressive youths according to the situation, and on this basis, they established the "Taiwan New Democratic Youth Alliance" and set up a reading club to deliberately propagate progressive ideas and develop progressive youth.
With the cooperation of "Yu Fei" and Xiao Minghua, they quickly delivered a lot of important information to the organization. At that time, the liberation of the mainland was nearing completion, and with the liberation of Nanjing and Shanghai, the next step was the liberation of Taiwan and the islands of Hainan Island.
In order to cooperate with the organization to complete the reunification of the motherland as soon as possible, the work of Xiao Minghua and "Yu Fei" has become more and more intense.
At this time, Taiwan was the time when it was moved to Taipei City, Taiwan Province, and Mao Renfeng, then director of the Secrecy Bureau, launched a horrific white terror operation on the island of Taiwan on the grounds of purging bandits and spies.
Hsiao Minghua and Professor Yu Fei in Taiwan.
Mao Renfeng, commonly known as the "smiling king king of the military commander", is known for forbearance, waiting, and ruthlessness. The Kuomintang that had withdrawn to Taiwan reappointed Mao Renfeng as director of the Secret Bureau, and Mao Renfeng planned the "Dregs Cave Incident" on the mainland that shocked China and the rest of the world, and concentrated on executing a number of Chinese Communist Party members, including Yang Hucheng, a patriotic general, and his minor children's families.
Mao Renfeng's brutality killed many underground workers in Taiwan at that time, and the communication line of the underground party organization was almost interrupted.
In this grim situation, the danger of intelligence work became more and more great, and at the risk of their lives, Xiao Minghua and Yu Fei still obtained the "Map of Taiwan's Military Points" from the Kuomintang.
This map was left over from the Japanese invasion of China, and it completely depicts the topography of Taiwan at a scale of 1,100. It is of great significance to our party's liberation of Taiwan.
On October 1, 1949, the news of the five-star red flag being raised in Beijing's Tiananmen Square came from the mainland. Xiao Minghua and Yu Fei hugged each other excitedly. They know that this is the time when their country needs them most.
The People's Republic of China was founded on October 1, 1949.
In just over 50 days from December 1949 to early January 1950, Xiao Minghua and Yu Fei successively sent six top-secret information to **, which played a vital role in the mainland's liberation of Hainan Island and other islands.
When Mao Renfeng launched the White Terror operation again, Zhang Fangchun, who was under the pseudonym Yu Fei, was on the verge of being exposed.
When the Kuomintang broke into Xiao Minghua's house to arrest him, Xiao Minghua took the opportunity to take the cheongsam hanging in the yard and sent a dangerous signal to the comrades in time.
* Xiao Minghua was imprisoned in the "Security Department of the Security Headquarters". In order to pry something out of Xiao Minghua's mouth, the spies tortured her every day.
Under the torture to extract confessions, Xiao Minghua always remained silent, and even smiled contemptuously at the forced questioning of the spies when he was sober.
The enraged spies took turns to torture Xiao Minghua with tiger chairs, chili water, bamboo sticks, etc. For more than 300 days, Xiao Minghua was tortured but still faced it indifferently.
In the hot summer, Xiao Minghua's broken arm under torture could not be inflamed in time, and in the case of old injuries, the spies still used bamboo sticks to insert Xiao Minghua's fingers.
The gentle and elegant Xiao Minghua.
The so-called "Ten Fingers Connected Heart", when the bamboo skewer was inserted into Xiao Minghua's nails, Xiao Minghua endured severe pain and passed out several times, and the blood was left on the ground along his fingertips, staining the ground of the execution room red, attracting a large number of flies and mosquitoes.
A handyman working in a prison could not bear to see this petite and delicate girl endure such inhuman torture, but there was nothing she could do, so she had to resign and leave the security department.
The spies exhausted the torture and did not ask anything from Xiao Minghua's mouth, and Xiao Minghua was tortured by the spies, his ideals and beliefs became firmer, and the revolutionary goal of struggle became clearer and clearer.
Under the torture of mind and body, she not only did not show the slightest timidity, but tried all kinds of methods to transmit information to the comrades outside.
During a family visit, Xiao Minghuatuo's family brought out a bottle of cod liver oil containing seven pills.
The spies did not pay attention to Xiao Minghua's move, and Xiao Minghua's family did not know what Xiao Minghua was trying to express.
When the comrades saw the cod liver oil, they immediately thought that the cod liver oil 7 capsules meant "Yu Go (Fish 7)", which was a hint that Yu Fei had been exposed. After receiving Xiao Minghua's hint, the comrades evacuated Taiwan in time.
In the early morning of November 7, the lights of the "Security Command" were turned on overnight, which was the signal that the spies were sorting out the materials and preparing to shoot the underground communists. learned that Xiao Minghua was about to be executed by the spies. The victims surrounded Xiao Minghua and cried in a low voice.
Xiao Minghua stood up slowly, looked firmly at the vast snow outside the window, and said to the victims, "I have already prepared all this, take care!" ”
As he spoke, Xiao Minghua took out the boxwood comb that his mother gave him when he left his hometown, and asked his friends to help him comb his hair. At that time, Xiao Minghua had multiple fractures on his body, and he couldn't comb his hair anymore.
That night, Xiao Minghua once again recited Li Qingzhao's "Summer Quatrain" to the victims. Verses.
Xiao Minghua's suicide note.
The next day, Xiao Minghua, who was escorted to the execution ground, calmly wrote, "Don't take my bones home, let me stay in Taiwan!" ”
With the sound of a gunshot, Xiao Minghua's life was frozen at the age of 28.
After Xiao Minghua died, her relatives did not know Xiao Minghua's true identity, nor did they know that Xiao Minghua had already left the world.
It was not until 32 years later that Xiao Minghua's remains were sent back to the mainland of the motherland and buried in the martyrs' cemetery in Babaoshan. Only then did the relatives know that the true identity of Xiao Minghua, who was posthumously recognized as a "martyr of the republic", was an underground intelligence agent.
Xiao Minghua's tombstone did not record Xiao Minghua's life, but only her most loyal comrade-in-arms Zhu Fangchun wrote the words "return" in the name of her husband.