The gas release in traditional lithium batteries is usually caused by highly electrolytic cathodic decomposition and the formation and decomposition of SEI, which poses a great threat to battery safety and will lead to safety hazards such as battery expansion, deformation, and thermal runaway. Since solid-state batteries replace traditional liquid electrolytes with solid-state electrolytes, there are high expectations for solid-state batteries when it comes to eliminating the safety anxiety of traditional lithium batteries.
So is it true that solid-state lithium batteries will not have concerns about internal gas production and pressure increases?
Timo Bartsch et al. from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany have studied the gas-producing behavior of a typical all-solid-state battery based on a -Li3PS4 solid electrolyte and a nickel-rich layered oxide cathode. Studies have shown that at 45°C, Li Li+ is at 4Significant oxygen and carbon dioxide production was detected at potentials above 5 V.
Nie Kaihui et al., from the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, systematically studied the gas production behavior of the PEO-based solid-state battery system at high voltage by combining experiments and calculations, and found that although the electrochemical window of the PEO-based polymer electrolyte is only 38V, but pure PEO electrolyte until the load voltage reaches 4At 5 V, the obvious behavior of gas production decomposition begins.
The above studies show that solid-state batteries also have the problem of internal gas production and internal pressure, so the study of gas production behavior and internal pressure of solid-state batteries is equally important.
Solutions for Electro Relaxation
In 2023, the R&D team of Wuhan Electro Relaxation New Energy successfully launched the DC IPT in-situ gas internal pressure tester after technical research, providing a new solution for lithium battery testing. The product scheme has been recognized by advanced enterprises in the industry, and it has the following advantages:
(1) Direct puncture, accurate measurement
The road is simple, abandoning the "indirect method" measurement method, and using a method similar to surgical puncture to directly sample and measure the gas and pressure inside the lithium battery. Through the direct measurement method of lithium battery puncture sampling, real and accurate data can be obtained quickly, thus greatly improving the inspection quality and efficiency.
This direct measurement method is based on the principle that a specially designed seal puncture device is used to create a small hole in the surface of the battery that is partially sealed, and then the gas inside the battery is exported to the measuring probe for direct measurement of the pressure inside the battery or for further gas composition analysis. This measurement method can not only avoid errors caused by air leakage in the system, but also enable rapid sampling of different types of lithium batteries (such as pouch batteries, prismatic batteries, cylindrical batteries, etc.).
(2) Gas sampling, inclusive
Another major drawback of "indirect method" measurement is its compatibility. Since this method can only be measured for specific types of lithium batteries, this undoubtedly increases the cost and time of testing.
To solve this problem, we have developed a new gas sampling interface for lithium batteries that is broadly compatible and can measure different types of lithium batteries simultaneously, including pouch cells, prismatic cells, and cylindrical cells. The design and development of this innovative interface is based on our in-depth understanding and years of expertise in the internal air pressure monitoring of batteries. With this new gas sampling interface, we can quickly and accurately obtain gas internal pressure data for various types of lithium batteries to better evaluate their safety performance. This inclusive measurement method not only improves test efficiency, but also reduces test costs and risks.
Strong compatibility: DC IPT innovatively introduces the technology of "Lithium Battery Gas Sampling Interface (GSP)", which is similar to the widely used Type-C interface, and realizes the compatibility and interchangeability of different brands and types of battery testing. The DC IPT Li-ion Gas Sampling Interface (GSP) breaks the limitations and drawbacks of traditional measurement methods, and can test pouch cells, prismatic cells, and cylindrical batteries at the same time, without the need to change different measurement equipment or methods for different types of batteries.
Efficient and convenient: Users do not need to switch between different measuring devices or wait for adaptation, which improves testing efficiency and reduces time and labor costs.
Data accuracy: Advanced measurement technology and algorithm analysis are used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data.
High repeatability: Thanks to the standardized interface design and measurement process, the repeatability and consistency of the measurement results are ensured, which is conducive to the comparison and analysis of the results.
(3) Network interface, cloud data
Data is also productivity, and efficient information transmission can improve the testing efficiency of enterprises and make quick predictions on the quality status of each battery. In order to meet this requirement, DC IPT has a preset network interface, which realizes data connection to the cloud and Internet access, as well as data interaction and sharing with other test equipment or systems. This enables companies to build a complete battery test and management system that enables comprehensive management and analysis of battery test data. Users can access the gas internal pressure test data of each battery across platforms (PC, mobile phone, PAD, etc.) to grasp the quality.
(4) Multi-channel customization, high-throughput testing
In battery testing, the number of channels is one of the important indicators to measure the testing capability of the device. The higher the number of channels in a single device, the greater the test capacity that can be carried, and the economic advantages brought by high channels are self-evident. The standard version of the DC IPT is designed with 8 channels, which can greatly improve the test efficiency and reduce the test time and cost. More channels can also be customized according to customer needs to improve test throughput, so that the equipment can adapt to a variety of test scenarios and needs, with stronger flexibility and scalability. Whether you are a large enterprise or a research institution, you can choose the right number of channels and configurations according to your testing needs and scale.
In addition, the multi-channel design of DC IPT has excellent stability and reliability. Each channel uses independent measurement circuitry to ensure accuracy and consistency of testing.
References
increasing poly(ethylene oxide) stability to 4.5v by surface coating of the cathode. doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.9b02739 gas evolution in all-solid-state battery cells. doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01457