Scenario 1: Half a month ago, Xiao Huang and her boyfriend who have been in love for many years held a wedding, and they also used their marriage leave to go to Hainan to play. When she came back to work last week, she noticed that something was wrong, and she always wanted to go to the toilet, but as soon as she urinated, she felt pain, and even if she drank less water, the situation did not change. Eventually, she went to the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, accompanied by her family. After examination, she was suffering from cystitis, and it was exclusive to newlywed women - "honeymoon cystitis".
Scenario 2: On Friday morning, Ms. Feng did not go to work but went straight to the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University for treatment. It turned out that taking advantage of the good weather, she and her friends went to climb the mountain last weekend, but after coming down the mountain, there were obvious frequent urination, urgency, painful urination, ** and burning sensation, and a body temperature was taken, and there was 386℃。After further inquiry, it was learned that he has been under a lot of work pressure recently, and usually likes to eat spicy and stimulating food, and likes to wear silk underwear. Combined with the results of the urine routine, the doctor told her that she was suffering from "acute cystitis".
Physiological secrets, triggers of high incidence.
Cystitis, also known as bladder infection, is a common inflammation of the urinary system, accounting for about 50 70 of all urinary tract infections, and is more common in women. Compared with men, the female urethra has the physiological characteristics of wide, straight and short, and the position of the urethral opening is close to the first, which is easy to be infected by bacteria, and is prone to cystitis, and it is more likely to occur in the following conditions.
1. After sex. The vast majority of bacterial infection routes of the bladder are retrograde, under normal circumstances, there are a few bacteria at the upper end of the urethral opening 1 2 cm, and the female urethra is short and wide, and the bacteria are easy to enter the bladder after sex, and after a day and night of multiplication, the total number of bacteria increases greatly and causes infection, and newlywed women are more likely to occur, so it is called "honeymoon cystitis".
2. Pregnant women. This is due to the increase in progesterone secretion during pregnancy, which weakens and dilates the peristalsis of the ureter and renal pelvis, resulting in functional obstruction of the urinary tract and prone to cystitis; Uterine compression of the ureters and bladder in the third trimester of pregnancy makes urinary tract obstruction worse, making cystitis more susceptible.
3. Elderly women. The incidence of cystitis in older women is significantly higher than that in men, and it is mostly related to the loss of the urinary tract's defense mechanism against bacteria caused by the decrease in estrogen.
4. When the resistance is reduced. Before and after menstruation, after excessive work and mental pressure and overwork, the body's resistance is in a low state, which is easy to cause cystitis.
5. Urethral mucosal injury. After injury to the urethral mucosa, bacteria can invade the mucosa along the site of injury and rise along the urethra to the bladder-ureter-renal pelvis to cause infection. First, it may occur in patients who use too much force during sex to damage the urethral mucosa; Secondly, some people who are too "hygienic" flush the urethra after each toilet, which can cause damage to the mucosa of the urethral meatus, and at the same time flush the bacteria outside the urethral opening into the bladder and cause cystitis; In addition, some women like to scrub the **, urethral opening and ** mouth vigorously with soap or bath liquid, resulting in mucosal damage, and the chemical stimulation of bath agents damages the bladder mucosa, which is also easy to cause infection.
6. There are stones, foreign bodies, tumors and indwelling urinary catheters in the bladder, which will destroy the defense ability of the bladder mucosa and facilitate the invasion of bacteria.
7. Hold urine. Originally, there are a small number of bacteria in the bladder, and the urine remains in the bladder for a long time after holding urine, generally more than 3 to 4 hours, and the bacteria can multiply and increase, and then cause cystitis.
8. Female diabetic patients, especially poor blood sugar control, poor long-term bladder mucosal peripheral circulation, easy to recurrent infection, and poor antibiotic effect.
Anti-infective** should be maintained for 1 week.
Cystitis has the characteristics of intractability and protractedness, with a long time and a high rate, which can easily affect the quality of life of patients. It should be treated differently according to the different conditions of the patient.
So so**. Patients with acute cystitis need to rest properly, pay attention to nutrition, avoid irritating foods, and warm sitz baths can reduce symptoms. For patients with significant bladder irritation, antispasmodic drugs are given to relieve symptoms.
Drink plenty of water to increase urine output, generally at least 2000 ml per day, to promote the excretion of bacteria and inflammatory exudates, and reduce the reproduction of bacteria. It is worth mentioning that patients should develop good lifestyle habits. Usually you should pay attention to exercise and eat reasonably to enhance your physical fitness.
Anti-infective**.
Anti-infective drugs** should be standardized, especially in the first episode, and the medication must be standardized. Most patients can take drugs such as norfloxacin (haloperic acid), cotrimoxazole, amoxicillin, ampicillin, etc. after 3 to 7 days**. Most people think that a single dose and 3 days ** are easier**, and 1 week is more. Anti-** author, patients should follow the doctor's requirements for urine bacterial culture and drug susceptibility test, according to the drug sensitivity results to choose symptomatic drugs, generally apply until the symptoms subside, urine routine is normal, and then continue to use for 1 3 weeks, and the application time of other drugs should be extended accordingly for 2 3 weeks. For the elderly, drugs with little damage to the liver and kidneys should be used.
Precautions for preventing cystitis.
1. Drinking enough water is the key to preventing cystitis, and you should drink 6 8 cups (equivalent to 2000 ml) of plain water every day.
2. Pay attention to personal hygiene, change underwear frequently, and keep it clean to reduce the reproduction of bacterial flora at the urethral meatus.
3. Don't develop the bad habit of holding urine, you should urinate once every 2 3 hours, and you should try to drain the urine as much as possible, and do not have residual urine.
4. Urinate before and after sex. Women are particularly susceptible to cystitis after sex, so they should pay attention to hygiene habits before and after sex (wash the perineum and around ** with water before sex); * Immediately after urination, bacteria that have entered the bladder can be excreted from the body; Be gentle during sex and avoid bruising the urethra and allowing bacteria to invade the mucous membranes: Do not have sex during cystitis attacks to prevent the condition from worsening or spreading it to your partner.
5. Avoid irritants. Do not use greases, sanitary sprays or talcum powders around, and do not use disinfectant soap to clean**. These topical substances can destroy the normal protective function of the urethra and the first part, change the best flora, and make people more susceptible to infection.
6. Don't wear leggings. Leggings make it damp and airtight, which is conducive to bacterial growth; At the same time, it is best to choose cotton** and avoid synthetic fiber products (which will affect air circulation and promote bacterial growth). Change sanitary napkins frequently during menstruation.
7. Try not to use faded toilet paper after defecation, and wipe ** from front to back to avoid feces polluting the urethra and causing cystitis.
8. In addition to the above items, the prevention of cystitis during pregnancy should also pay attention to: avoid sexual life before 3 months of pregnancy and late pregnancy, reduce sexual life in the second trimester, avoid abrasion of the urethra during sexual life, and urinate immediately after sexual life.
In the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, it is advisable to sleep on the left side, so that the ureter is not compressed by the pregnant uterus and the urine is unblocked. If you have pyelonephritis, you should take a semi-sitting position or a lateral deposition with the affected side above you.
Those who have a history of cystitis before pregnancy should pay attention to preventing cystitis during pregnancy and can take preventive medication.
Hold your urine and beware of cystitis.
In daily life, almost everyone has the experience of holding their urine. Occasionally, as long as the bladder pressure is not great, there is no serious effect. But like taxi drivers, there is often no suitable time and place for convenience, and holding urine has become a habit. There are also many white-collar women, either because of busy work, or because of poor hygiene in the bathroom, over time, develop the habit of drinking less water and holding more urine, which is very bad.
It is medically believed that normal people have bacteria around the urethral meatus, and although these bacteria can often enter the bladder, they do not always cause cystitis. If you hold urine for a long time, the urine cannot flush away the bacteria, and the bacteria multiply and accumulate in the urinary tract, which may cause cystitis. Studies have shown that the incidence of cystitis is 12 times higher in people with poor urine flow than in normal people. Cystitis may cause serious complications, such as renal papillary necrosis, perirenal abscess, etc., and may even lead to kidney failure, which can be life-threatening.
Therefore, do not deliberately hold your urine.
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