1. Migrant workers and reform and opening up.
In the great process of reform and opening up, the migrant worker group, as the core force of urban construction, has played an indelible role. They moved from the countryside to the city, and with hard sweat and tenacious will, they built modern high-rise buildings and paved a transportation network extending in all directions. Their stories are an important part of reform and opening up.
However, the status and treatment of migrant workers in cities are not commensurate with their contribution to urban development. While building cities, they often lack adequate social security, such as pension insurance, medical insurance, etc.
Nowadays, the retirement problem faced by migrant workers who moved to the city at the beginning of reform and opening up is not only related to the quality of life and happiness of individual migrant workers, but also related to social fairness, justice and sustainable stability.
Second, the reason why few of the first generation of migrant workers paid social security.
1.*Imperfect social security system**: In the early days of reform and opening up, China's social security system had not yet been established and improved, especially the social insurance system for migrant workers was almost blank. At that time, social security was mainly for regular employees of urban state-owned enterprises and government institutions, while migrant workers mostly worked in the informal sector and were not included in the social security system.
2.*High mobility**: First-generation migrant workers often move between different cities, different construction sites or factories, and their jobs are unstable, which makes it difficult for them to participate in a local social security system on a continuous basis.
3.*Restrictions on the hukou system**: At that time, the hukou system strictly distinguished between rural and urban hukou, and although migrant workers worked in the cities, their hukou was still in the countryside, and this restriction of the hukou system made it impossible for them to enjoy the social security benefits of urban residents.
4.*Limited financial means**: First-generation migrant workers generally have low incomes and high living pressure, and they may not be able to afford the social security contributions that need to be paid at their own expense.
5.*Lack of awareness and knowledge**: Due to the limitation of education level, the first generation of migrant workers may have insufficient awareness of the importance of social security and lack the awareness of taking the initiative to participate in insurance. At the same time, they do not know much about the relevant knowledge and information of social security, and do not know how to participate in insurance and how to protect their social security rights and interests.
6.*Driven by the interests of business owners**: In order to reduce costs, some business owners are unwilling to pay social security for migrant workers, or take various means to avoid social security responsibilities, which also leads to the problem of lack of social security for migrant workers.
7.*Insufficient policy publicity and implementation**: In the process of promoting social security policies, there may be problems of insufficient publicity and implementation, which makes some migrant workers and business owners do not understand or deliberately ignore social security policies.
3. The time when workers and civil servants start to pay social security.
1.Workers start paying social insurance earlier, but the exact timing varies by province, city, and industry. The Interim Regulations on the Collection and Payment of Social Insurance Premiums issued in 1999 marked the formal implementation of the social insurance system nationwide, while some provinces and industries began to implement the social insurance system as early as 1992, and state-owned enterprises basically began to pay in 1994.
2.Civil servants have been paying social security since October 2014. According to the "Decision on the Reform of the Pension Insurance System of Organs and Institutions", China's organs and institutions have been fully incorporated into the social security payment system since then, and the overall account and personal account of the pension insurance have been established, and the payment ratio is consistent with that of the enterprise.
Fourth, efforts to resolve the issue of retirement of migrant workers.
When the first generation of migrant workers reaches the statutory retirement age, they may not be able to enjoy the social security benefits they deserve. In order to solve this problem, a series of measures have been taken, including promoting the participation of migrant workers in urban workers' pension insurance and medical insurance, and improving the new rural cooperative medical insurance (NCMS). These measures are aimed at ensuring that the basic livelihood of migrant workers is guaranteed.
However, it will take time and more effort to solve this problem once and for all.
At the same time, for the first generation of migrant workers who have retired or are about to retire, they may need to rely on savings, family support, or returning to their hometowns to work as farmers. ** The community should also consider providing them with more support and assistance, such as through the subsistence allowance system, community services and charities, to ensure that they are basically guaranteed in their later years.
V. Conclusion. The figure of the first generation of migrant workers is gradually drifting away, and their youth and sweat are integrated with the take-off of the motherland. I believe that their hard work will not be forgotten, and their old age will be respected and guaranteed as they deserve.