1. Pumped storage.
Pumped hydro technology is an efficient way to store hydropower energy. It uses two reservoirs of different heights to pump water from the lower part to the higher place, releasing the flow of water during peak power demand and driving turbines to generate electricity. This technology has a high energy storage efficiency of 75% to 85% and a large storage capacity, which is suitable for peak shaving and valley filling in the power system.
2. Compressed air energy storage.
Compressed air energy storage technology is an innovative way of energy storage. It uses electrical energy to drive a compressor to compress and store air in an underground cave or container, and when electricity is needed, the compressed air is released to propel a turbine to generate electricity. This technology is suitable for short-term, high-power applications and is environmentally friendly.
3. Molten salt heat storage.
Molten salt heat storage technology has attracted much attention for its efficient and stable heat storage performance. It takes advantage of the high thermal stability and high energy density of molten salt to store thermal energy and release it when needed. This technology can not only be used for solar thermal power generation, but also can be applied to heating, steam supply and other fields, and has broad application prospects.
Fourth, gravity energy storage.
Gravity energy storage technology is an innovative way to use gravitational potential energy for energy storage. Energy is stored and released by lifting heavy objects to a high altitude and releasing them when needed to drive generators to generate electricity. This technology is highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and can be built in places such as abandoned mines, making full use of existing resources.
5. Heat pump power storage.
Heat pump storage technology is an innovative technology that uses the principle of heat pump for electrical energy storage. It uses the electricity generated from renewable energy to drive a heat pump, stores the heat energy in the insulation material, and drives the generator to generate electricity through the release of heat energy when electricity is needed. This technology has the advantages of high flexibility and easy access to materials, and is suitable for energy storage in various scenarios.
6. Hydrogen energy storage.
Hydrogen energy storage technology is a way of converting electrical energy into chemical energy for storage. Water is split into hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis, and then the hydrogen is stored for subsequent power generation or to drive hydrogen-fueled vehicles. Hydrogen energy storage technology has the advantages of high energy density, environmental protection and pollution-free, and is of great significance in the utilization of renewable energy and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
Each of these six energy storage technologies has its own characteristics and is suitable for different application scenarios and needs. With the continuous advancement of technology and the reduction of costs, they are expected to play an important role in the field of energy storage in the future, promoting the widespread application and sustainable development of renewable energy.