1. Overview
GLDG-S typeAdvanced electrical and electronic experimental deviceIt is a new generation of experimental device launched on the basis of widely soliciting the opinions and suggestions of experimental instructors in various universities, the experimental device fully considers the current situation and development trend of the laboratory, with the purpose of open experiments and improving students' hands-on ability, and carries out large-scale improvement and innovation in structure and performance, and retains many advantages of our traditional experimental devices, such as all-round personal safety protection (voltage leakage protection, current leakage protection, overcurrent protection, transformer isolation protection, etc.), instruments, self-protection of the instrument, etc., and combined with the current experiments.
2. Features
1. Strong comprehensiveness: This experimental device integrates all the experimental projects of the basic courses of electricity in various colleges and universities in China, and the user can purchase the experimental components according to the needs, and the depth of the experiment can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of the application, and the popularization and improvement can be organically combined according to the progress of teaching.
2. Strong integrity and consistency: the AC and DC instruments, AC and DC power supplies, signal sources (including frequency meters) and commonly used experimental devices required for the experiment are closely combined with the needs of the experiment and concentrated on the experimental device, which is convenient for the teacher to organize and guide the experimental teaching.
3. Strong scientificity: the device occupies a small area, saves experimental space and reduces infrastructure investment; The laboratory is neat and beautiful, and the experimental environment is improved; The experiment is rich in content and reasonable in design, in addition to deepening the theoretical knowledge, it can also be combined with the actual situation to set up a design and comprehensive experiment. According to the specific situation of the experimental content, the socket and wire of the strong and weak parts are separated, the strong part adopts the high-reliability elastic pistol plug-in connection wire (there is no possibility of any electric shock), and the weak part adopts the elastic beryllium light copper bare structure connecting wire, and the two wires can only match the socket of the corresponding inner hole, which greatly improves the safety and rationality of the experiment.
4. Easy layout and wide field of vision: The experimental device is suitable for the development needs of the current laboratory, and students can sit and listen to lectures or do experiments, without feeling depressed, and it is also convenient for teachers to guide.
3. Technical performance
1. Input power: three-phase four-wire (or three-phase five-wire) 380V 10% 50Hz.
2. Working environment: temperature 10 50, relative humidity 85% (25) altitude 4000m.
3. Installed capacity: 15kva。
4. Weight: 150kg.
4. The insulation resistance of each phase line of the power supply to the ground is 10m; The insulation resistance of the live part of the test bench to the ground is 10m.
5. Dimensions: 166 73 140cm.
Fourth, the device configuration
This experimental device is mainly composed of a power instrument control screen, an experimental table, an experimental box, etc.
1) Power supply, instrument control panel.
The control panel is a ferrous double-layer matte dense grain spray structure, aluminum panel, which provides AC power supply, DC regulated power supply, constant current source, signal source (including frequency meter), various test instruments and experimental devices for the experiment, etc., and the specific functions are as follows
1. Main control function board.
Three-phase 0 450V and single-phase 0 250V continuously adjustable AC power supply, equipped with 1 set of three same shaft linkage voltage regulators, specification 1The 5KVA 0 450V 3A overcomes many of the shortcomings of the three single-phase regulators consisting of a chain structure or a gear structure. The output of the adjustable AC power supply is equipped with electronic circuit overcurrent protection technology and fuse dual protection function, and the phase-to-phase, inter-line overcurrent and direct short circuit can be automatically protected, which overcomes the trouble caused by fuse replacement. It is equipped with three pointer AC voltmeters, which can indicate the three-phase grid voltage and the three-phase voltage regulation output voltage respectively through the transfer switch, with the phase loss indication of the light-emitting diode.
It is equipped with a 220V 30W fluorescent lamp for experiments, and the four heads of the lamp are led out and connected to the panel binding post, which is convenient for experiments.
Provide 2 220V power sockets.
2. DC power board.
Two-way 00 30V 1A adjustable regulated power supply with cut-off short-circuit soft protection and auto-recovery function, with 3 1 2"LED display, accuracy + 05% reading + 2 digits) of a three-digit half-digit DC voltmeter and a toggle switch, low voltage (15V) also has functions such as 1A current output.
Provide a set of 0 200mA continuously adjustable constant current source, divided into 2mA, 20mA, 500mA three gears, load stability 5 10 4, equipped with three-digit half-digit display ammeter indication. The adjustment accuracy is 1/1000, with output open circuit, short circuit function.
3. an instrument panel.
1 AC digital voltmeter.
It is designed with a new high-performance RMS converter and a high-speed MPU unit, and realizes the man-machine dialogue function control mode through the digital display window. With automatic range, measuring range: 0 500V. The measurement accuracy is 0Level 5.
1 AC digital ammeter.
It is designed with a new high-performance RMS converter and a high-speed MPU unit, and realizes the man-machine dialogue function control mode through the digital display window. With automatic, measuring range: 0 5a. The measurement accuracy is 0Level 5.
Single-phase and three-phase power and power factor tables.
It is designed by a 24-bit dedicated DSP, a 16-bit high-precision AD converter and a high-speed MPU unit, and realizes the human-machine dialogue function control mode through keying and digital display window. The software adopts RTOS design ideas, and is equipped with PC monitoring software to enhance the analysis ability. It can measure the voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, frequency, etc. of the circuit. The power measurement accuracy is 0Level 5, power factor measurement range 03～1.0. The voltage current range is 0-500V and 0-5A, which can automatically determine the nature of the load (inductive display "L", capacitive display "C", pure resistance is not displayed), and can store measurement data for reference at any time. And with computer communication function.
1 DC digital voltmeter.
Measuring range 0 200V, with digital display function (four-digit display), accuracy 0Level 5, with over-range protection.
1 DC digital display milliampere meter.
Measuring range 0 2000mA with digital display function (four-digit digital display), accuracy class 0, with over-range protection.
Signal source and frequency meter.
Output waveform: square wave, sine wave, triangle wave, 2 pulse, 4 pulse, 8 pulse, single, the output is amplified by power; Output frequency: 2Hz 2MHz, frequency continuously adjustable; Amplitude adjustment range: 0 15VP-P, with 20dB, 40dB attenuation function; With 6-digit digital frequency meter, it can be used as the output of the monitoring signal source, and can also be used as an external frequency meter, with an accuracy of 0Class 5, frequency meter measuring range 0 2MHz.
2) Experimental table.
The experimental table is an iron double-layer matte dense grain spray structure (height 750mm), which is mainly composed of a desktop board (white edging), side feet (black, bent and welded into 750mm*50mm*20mm with steel plates), drawers, universal wheels and a fixed adjustment structure. Experimental desktop board: fireproof, waterproof, wear-resistant, high-density board, thickness 27mm. Side feet: A group of high-strength side feet are installed on both sides of the experimental table, and the main material is selected 20mm high-strength iron plate. The lab table has two large drawers, and there is a storage cabinet below it, which is used to store tools, experimental hanging boxes and materials, etc. The steel plate of the table body is made of 2mm thickness, and the surface is treated by pickling, phosphating, and electrostatic matte dense grain spraying process, and the paint used is the environmentally friendly paint of the well-known domestic brand, and the metal accessories such as handles and locks are high-quality accessories that are rust-proof, wear-resistant, and size specifications. The color of the table body is separated by milky white and light blue, which is beautiful and generous, and is in harmony with the laboratory environment, and the nameplate and logo meet the national standards.
At the bottom of the experimental table, four universal wheels and four fixed adjustment mechanisms are installed, and the polyurethane universal casters used in the four universal wheels are wear-resistant and equipped with a brake mechanism. There are also four adjustment mechanisms under the experimental bench that are convenient for movement and fixation, all of which are made of stainless steel, which is conducive to the fixation of the experimental device. When the device is usually placed and does not move, the universal wheel is lifted through the foot structure to prevent the table body from sliding. The spraying plastic powder of the laboratory table is made of imported plastic powder, which is non-toxic, odorless, harmless gas, wear-resistant, high-temperature and waterproof.
The device adopts steel structure, the table body is firm and strong, and the fixed position is good, and all parts of the table body, including the cabinet door, are designed with stiffeners.
c) Experiment box.
1. Circuit basic experiment (1).
Completed the meter modification experiment (equipped with a mirror pointer precision milliampere meter), volt-ampere characteristic experiment, maximum power transmission condition measurement experiment, voltage source and current source equivalent conversion experiment and related devices.
2. Circuit Basics Experiment (2).
Completed experiments on superposition principle, Kirchhoff's law (decisive experiments), Thevenin's theorem, Norton's theorem, dual-port network, and reciprocity theorem.
3. Circuit basic experiment (3).
The experiments of controlled source, rotator and negative impedance converter were completed, and the graphics were made of standard network symbols.
4. Circuit basic experiment (4).
Complete the observation experiments of first-order and second-order dynamic circuits and circuit state trajectories.
5. Circuit basic experiment (5).
Completed R, L, C series resonance (inductor hollow), R, C series, parallel frequency selection network, R and C double T network experiments.
6. AC circuit experiment (1).
Completed the study of the phasor of sinusoidal steady-state AC circuit (fluorescent lamp power factor improvement experiment) and black box experiment (r, l, c component characteristics and parameter determination).
7. AC circuit experiment (2).
Completed the experiment of three-phase circuit (three bulbs per phase in parallel).
8. a component box.
Provide experimental devices such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, potentiometers, and decimal adjustable resistors (6 bits) required for experiments.
9. Three-phase capacitor box.
Three-phase high-voltage capacitors are available, each with a compatibility value of 1uf 500V, 22uf/500v、4.7uf/500v。
10. Relay contact control (1).
Provide AC contactor (coil voltage is 220V), thermal relay and analog bulb, three buttons with light (yellow, green, red each).
11. Relay contact control (2).
Provide two AC contactors (coil voltage 220V), one time relay (energizing delay, coil voltage 380V), as well as energy consumption braking power transformers, rectifier diodes, resistors, etc.
4) DQ20-1 three-phase squirrel cage motor (380V, 100W).
The three windings of the motor have been drawn out, and the wiring is convenient.
(5) Experimental connection line.
According to the characteristics of different experimental projects, equipped with two different experimental cables, the high-voltage circuit adopts a high-reliability sheath structure pistol plug-in connection wire (there is no possibility of any electric shock), which is made of oxygen-free copper thread into a hair-thin multi-strand wire to achieve the purpose of ultra-soft, and the outer trimitrile PVC insulation layer has the advantages of softness, high pressure resistance, high strength, anti-hardening, good toughness, etc., and the plug is made of solid copper parts and a beryllium light copper shrapnel, containing 128 copper wires, which is safe and reliable in contact; The low-voltage circuit adopts elastic fully enclosed experimental wire, the wire is soft, containing 128 strands of copper wire, and the two wires can only be matched with the socket of the corresponding inner hole, and cannot be mixed, which greatly improves the safety and rationality of the experiment.
Fifth, the main advantages of the device and the safety protection system
1. Three-phase four-wire system (or three-phase five-wire system) power input, and the total power supply is controlled by the three-phase key switch.
2. The power supply of the control panel is controlled by the contactor through the start and stop buttons.
3. The three-phase AC power supply is continuously adjustable at 0 450V, and the single-phase AC power supply is continuously adjustable at 0 250V, and it is equipped with three auto-coupling voltage regulators with the same shaft (15kva), which can better meet the requirements of teaching experiments.
4. The screen is equipped with electrical protection such as leakage protection, overload protection, circuit break protection and transformer isolation protection to ensure personal safety and equipment safety.
5. The screen is equipped with a set of current leakage protector, if there is leakage on the control screen, and the leakage current exceeds a certain value, the power supply will be cut off.
6. The secondary side of the three-phase voltage regulator on the screen is equipped with a set of overcurrent protection device. If the output of the voltage regulator is short-circuited or the load is too large, and the current exceeds the set value, the system will alarm and cut off the total power supply.
7. The measuring instrument has high precision, adopts digital, intelligent and man-machine dialogue mode, and is in line with the development direction of modern measuring instrument. All kinds of power supplies and all kinds of instruments have reliable protection functions.
8. The experimental connecting wire and socket adopt different structures, which are safe, reliable and anti-electric shock.
6. Experimental projects
1) Basic experiments of electricians.
1. Calculation of the use and measurement error of basic electrical instruments.
2. Method to reduce instrument measurement error.
3. Instrument (voltmeter, ammeter) range expansion experiment.
4. Mapping of volt-ampere characteristics of circuit components.
5. Potential, voltage measurement and circuit potential diagram drawing.
6. Verification of Kirchhoff's law and its fault judgment.
7. Verification of superposition principle and fault judgment.
8. Equivalent conversion between voltage source and current source.
9. Thevenin's theorem verification.
10. Norton's theorem verification.
11. Determination of maximum power transmission conditions.
12. Two-port network experiment.
13. Experiments on the reciprocity theorem.
14. Experimental research on controlled source VCVS, VCCS, CCVS, CCCS.
15. Observation and measurement of typical electrical signals.
16. RC first-order circuit response test.
17. Second-order dynamic circuit response research.
18. Determination of impedance characteristics of R, L and C components.
19. RC series and parallel frequency selection network characteristics test.
20. Research on series resonant circuits of R, L and C.
21. RC dual-T frequency selection network.
22. Circuit state trajectory observation.
23. Determination of Characteristics and Alternating Current Parameters of R, L, and C Components—Critical Experiment.
24. Use the three-table method to measure the equivalent parameters of AC circuits.
25. Phasor study of sinusoidal steady-state AC circuits.
26. Mutual inductance experiment.
27. Three-phase AC circuit voltage and current measurement.
28. Three-phase circuit power measurement.
29. Single-phase watt-hour meter calibration.
30. Power factor and phase sequence measurement.
31. Negative impedance converter and its application.
32. a rotator and its application.
2) Relay contact control experiments.
1. Three-phase asynchronous motor jog and self-locking control.
2. Forward and reverse rotation control of three-phase asynchronous motor.
3. Three-phase asynchronous motor Y-δ step-down start control.
4. Three-phase asynchronous motor energy consumption braking control.