Flowers are a common decorative element in many homes and offices, they not only beautify the environment, but also bring people a happy mood. However, flowers can also encounter various pests and diseases during their growth. Understanding the common pests and diseases of flowers and their control methods is of great significance to protect the health of flowers and prolong their lifespan.
1. Common diseases of flowers.
1.Anthrax.
Anthrax is a disease caused by fungi that mainly damages the leaves of flowers. Water-stained greenish spots appear on the affected leaves at the initial stage, and then gradually expand into round or near-round lesions, with reddish-brown edges, **gray-white, and small black spots scattered on the lesions in the later stage. Prevention and control methods include strengthening ventilation and light transmission and reducing humidity; Remove diseased leaves and destroy them in a timely manner; Spray fungicides at the beginning of the disease.
2.Powdery mildew.
Powdery mildew is a disease caused by fungi that mainly damages the leaves and shoots of flowers. A white powdery mold layer appears on the affected part, which causes the leaves to wither and fall off in severe cases. Control methods include strengthening plant ventilation and light transmission to avoid over-dense planting; regular spraying of fungicides; Remove diseased leaves and destroy them in a timely manner;
3.Rust.
Rust is a disease caused by fungi that mainly damages the leaves, petioles and shoots of flowers. Small yellow or orange spots appear on the affected area, and rust-colored spore piles appear on the lesions in later stages. Control methods include maintaining plant spacing and avoiding over-dense planting; regular spraying of fungicides; Remove diseased leaves and destroy them in a timely manner;
2. Common insect pests of flowers.
1.Aphids.
Aphids are a common insect pest that mainly damages the young leaves, shoots and buds of flowers. Yellow-green spots appear on the affected area, and in severe cases, the leaves curl and fall off. Control methods include trapping aphids with yellow sticky insect boards; spraying pesticides; Keep the plants clean and remove the damaged parts in time.
2.Spider mites.
Spider mites are tiny insect pests that mainly damage the leaves of flowers. Small yellowish-white spots appear on the affected leaves, which cause the leaves to wither and fall off in severe cases. Prevention and control methods include strengthening ventilation and light transmission and reducing humidity; regular spraying of pesticides; Keep the plants clean and remove the damaged parts in time.
3.Scale insects.
Scale insects are small insect pests that mainly damage the leaves and branches of flowers. Yellowish-white spots appear on the affected area, which in severe cases cause leaf loss and branch death. Prevention and control methods include wiping the affected area with a soft brush or cotton swab dipped in alcohol; spraying pesticides; Keep the plants clean and remove the damaged parts in time.
3. Suggestions for pest control.
1.Prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control. In the process of flower growth, plant management should be strengthened, ventilation and light transmission should be maintained, and excessive dense planting should be avoided; Regular fertilization and watering to improve the disease resistance of flowers; Remove diseased leaves and insect leaves in time to reduce the source of diseases and insects.
2.Rational use of pesticides. When pests and diseases occur, appropriate pesticides should be selected according to the type and degree of pests and diseases. Pay attention to the amount and concentration of pesticides to avoid causing harm to flowers. At the same time, it is necessary to follow the safety norms for the use of pesticides to protect the environment and human health.
3.Biocontrol. Natural enemies, microorganisms and other biological resources can be used for pest control. For example, natural enemy insects can be introduced to control the pest population; The use of microbial agents to prevent and control diseases, etc.
In short, it is of great significance to understand the common pests and diseases of flowers and their control methods to protect the health of flowers and prolong their lifespan. In practice, it is necessary to choose appropriate control methods according to the flower species, growth environment and pests and diseases to ensure the healthy growth of flowers.