Rural domestic sewage treatment has always been an important issue in the field of environmental protection. With the acceleration of urbanization, the problem of sewage treatment in rural areas has become increasingly prominent, which has had a great impact on the rural ecological environment and the health of residents. Therefore, it is of great significance to conduct in-depth research on rural domestic sewage treatment and explore sewage treatment methods suitable for rural characteristics to protect the rural ecological environment and improve the quality of life of residents.
1. The current situation of rural domestic sewage treatment.
At present, the following problems exist in the treatment of domestic sewage in rural areas of China: first, there is a lack of sewage treatment facilities, and a large amount of domestic sewage is directly discharged without treatment, which causes pollution to the environment; Second, the technical level of treatment facilities is low, the treatment effect is poor, and it is difficult to meet the national emission standards; Third, there is a lack of funds for sewage treatment, and it is difficult to operate and maintain facilities; Fourth, residents do not have a strong sense of environmental protection and lack of understanding of the importance of sewage treatment.
Second, the technical methods of rural domestic sewage treatment.
According to the characteristics of rural domestic sewage treatment, the following technical methods can be adopted:
1.Natural processing techniques.
Natural treatment technology refers to the treatment of domestic sewage by using natural conditions and the principle of biodegradation. Common natural treatment technologies include constructed wetlands, stabilization ponds, etc. These technical methods are low-cost, simple to operate and maintain, and suitable for use in rural areas. However, it should be noted that the treatment effect of natural treatment technology is greatly affected by natural conditions, and reasonable site selection and design are required.
2.Ecological treatment technology.
Ecological treatment technology refers to the use of microorganisms, plants and other biological resources to biodegrade and transform domestic sewage. Common ecological treatment technologies include biological filters, ecological toilets, etc. These technical methods have good treatment effect and high environmental performance, but they require certain technical support and operation and maintenance.
3.Centralized processing technology.
Centralized treatment technology refers to the concentration of domestic sewage from multiple farmers and treatment through professional sewage treatment facilities. This technical method has good treatment effect and high stability, but requires large investment and operating costs, and is suitable for use in large-scale rural areas.
3. Policy recommendations for rural domestic sewage treatment.
In order to promote the smooth development of rural domestic sewage treatment, the following measures need to be taken:
1.Increase capital investment.
* It is necessary to increase capital investment in the construction, operation and maintenance of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities to ensure the normal operation and maintenance of facilities. At the same time, social capital can be introduced to promote the development of the sewage treatment industry.
2.Strengthen technology research and development.
* It is necessary to strengthen the research and development and promotion of rural domestic sewage treatment technology, and improve the technical level and treatment effect of treatment facilities. At the same time, mature sewage treatment technologies can be promoted to provide more reliable technical support for rural areas.
3.Strengthen environmental awareness.
* It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of environmental awareness in rural areas, and improve the awareness and attention of residents to sewage treatment. At the same time, residents can be guided to actively participate in sewage treatment work through demonstration projects and other means.
IV. Conclusions. Rural domestic sewage treatment is an important issue in the field of environmental protection, which requires the joint efforts of the society, society and residents. By adopting technical methods suitable for rural characteristics, strengthening policy support and capital investment, and strengthening environmental awareness, we can effectively promote the development of rural domestic sewage treatment, protect the rural ecological environment, and improve the quality of life of residents.