Written on the front words:
Weak compassion and a simple sense of justice are the least worth mentioning. The wheels of history will eventually crush those who hold these ideas into powder.
Chapter 1: The Conquest of the Empire
BC (abbreviation of Before Christ), the Egyptian pharaoh Khufu built the pyramid of Khufu.
2、exodus.1440bc–1400bc, Moses leads the Hebrews out of Egypt and returns to the land of Canaan.
B.C., David unified Israel and made Jerusalem its capital.
B.C., the Kingdom of Israel took place**, forming the Kingdom of Judah in the south and the Kingdom of Israel in the north.
BC Rome was founded on April 21.
From BC to 720BC, King Sargon II of the Assyrian Empire captured Samaria, the capital of the Kingdom of Israel, and exiled all its inhabitants, and the Kingdom of Israel was destroyed.
B.C., the First Temple was unfortunately destroyed by the invading Babylonians. King Solomon, the son of King David, burned the "First Temple" built for Jehovah, and more than 40,000 Jews were taken captive.
B.C., Cyrus the Great of Persia conquers Palestine.
B.C., Alexander the Great conquered Gaza and Egypt.
B.C., Antiochus IV Piphanes abolished the Law of Moses and replaced the Temple in Jerusalem with a polytheistic site.
B.C., Caesar's conquest of Britain.
12. 44BC On March 15, Caesar was assassinated at the age of 56 by members of the Senate led by Ebrutus.
Chapter 2: The Divine Apocalypse
13、a.d .(Abbreviation of the Latin word annodomini, meaning "the year of the Lord's birth") Jesus was born in the stables of Bethlehem, Palestine.
14、a.d.In 135, the Roman Emperor Hadrian put down the Second Jewish Revolt, and the Jews were forced to flee and scatter among the nations.
16、a.d.164, The Jewish Maccabees revolt and expelled the Seleucids from Jerusalem.
15、 a.d.In 392, the Roman Emperor Theodosius I established ** as the state religion of Rome.
16、 a.d.In 476, O'Doric, the prefect of the Germanic mercenaries, deposed the last Roman emperor, Romulo Augustus, and the Western Roman Empire fell.
17. In 519 A.D. (the first year of Xiping of the Northern Wei Dynasty), the Yongning Temple Tower (147 meters high) was completed, replacing the pyramid as the world's tallest building.
18、a.d.570 On April 21, Muhammad was born in Mecca, Arabia.
19、a.d.610 Muhammad received a revelation at Mount Hilla and began his mission.
20、a.d.632 Muhammad dies and the Arabian Peninsula is united.
21、a.d.680 Hussein Ali was killed in battle in Karbala.
Chapter 3: The Conquest of the Gods
22、a.d.711 The Moors invade Iberia.
23. After the 10th century AD, the Shiites split off into more radical factions: the Ismailis, assissin, known as Assasin in Syria, the etymology of the Assassins.
24、a.d.1054, *EdUHK**.
25、a.d.1096, Pope Urban II launched the Crusades.
26、a.d.In 1299, Osman I established the Ottoman Empire.
27、a.d.1453, Ottoman Mehmed captures Constantinople.
28、a.d.1492, Granada returns to Spain.
29、a.d.1492, Christopher Columbus discovers the New World.
30、a .d.In 1521, Suleiman the Magnificent captured Bielgrade.
31. AD 1683, the Battle of Vienna by the European coalition forces severely damaged the Ottoman Empire.
Chapter 4: **Teach Again**
32、a.d.In 1517, Martin Luther presented the Ninety-Five Theses at the Church of All Saints in Wittenberg, Germany, and the Protestant Reformation began.
33. AD 1534, Henry VIII promulgated the Act of Supremacy, and the Anglican Church was founded.
34. AD 1534, Loyola founded the Society of Jesus.
35、a.d.In 1558, John Calvin founded the College of Geneva. In the church, the patriarchate was replaced by presbytery, and the doctrine advocated "predestination".
36、a.d.1618-1648, Thirty Years' War in Europe.
37、a.d.In 1648, the Treaty of Westphalia was signed, which established the state of religion. The rudimentary international order began to take shape.
38. AD 1721, Peter I established the Orthodox Church as the state religion.
Chapter 5: The Age of Revolution
38. AD1620, on September 6, the Mayflower departed from England to the New World.
39. AD1620, on November 11, the Mayflower Convention was signed on board.
40. AD1689, the United Kingdom promulgated the Bill of Rights.
40. AD1776, the United States Declaration of Independence was published.
41. AD1783, Britain and the United States signed the Treaty of Paris, recognizing the independence of the United States.
42. AD1789, July 14, the people of Paris stormed the Bastille, and the French Revolution broke out.
43. AD1789, August 16, Declaration of Human Rights issued.
44. AD 1794, Napoleon launched a coup d'état d'état, and the French Revolution ended.
45. AD 1804, May 18, Napoleon proclaimed emperor.
Chapter 6 The Wave of Nationalism
46. AD1812, Napoleon's invasion of ** failed on November 29, and Poland was defeated.
47. AD 1814, March 26, the anti-French alliance captured Paris.
48. AD 1814, September-June 1815, Congress of Vienna. The Vienna system of the Russian-Austrian-Prussian and British giants was established.
49. AD1856,** End of the Crimean War with Anglo-French Ottomans, Signing of the Treaty of Paris.
50. AD 1863, March, Italian independence.
51. AD 1865, April 9, the Civil War ended.
52. AD1867, Russia sells Alaska to the United States.
52. AD1871, on January 18, Wilhelm I was crowned emperor at the Palace of Versailles in Paris, and the German Empire was established.
Chapter 7: Antisemitism and Resistance
51. AD 1880-1890, there was a wave of anti-Semitism in Russia, France and Germany.
52. AD In 1882, Leo Pinsk, a Jew from Odessa, proposed the establishment of a Jewish state.
In France, there was the Dreyfus Incident.
Theodore Herzl published The Jewish State.
In that year, Herzl convened the first Zionist Congress in Basel, Switzerland, and proposed the World Zionist Program, which explicitly established a Jewish home in Palestine as a guarantee of public law.
Chapter 8 The Outbreak of World War I and the Formation of the Modern Middle East
56. AD1913, Britain and the Ottoman Treaty of Ottoman-Anglew. Ceded the Persian Gulf, Kuwait, Qatar, Tallinn to Britain.
57. AD1914, June 28, Sarajevo Incident, World War I broke out.
58. AD1914, in October, the Ottomans joined the Central Powers.
59. AD1916, In June, Hussein-ibn Ali launched a great Arab uprising.
60. AD 1916, On May 16, the Entente countries Britain, France and Russia signed the "Sesk-Pico" Agreement.
61 AD 1917, on November 2, the Balfour Declaration was issued, and Britain supported the return of the Jews to Palestine.
62. AD1917, November 7, the October Revolution broke out in Russia and withdrew from World War I.
63. AD1918, on November 11, Germany signed an armistice, ending World War I.
64. A d1920, the Allies convened the Conference of San Remo in Italy, and handed over the Ottoman Palestine, Jordan and Mesopotamia to the Union of Nations, which was administered by Britain and France.
65. AD1922, Britain divided Palestine into Jordanian and Jewish ghetto.
66. AD1920, the Entente and the Ottomans signed the Treaty of Sefort, which divided the remaining Ottoman territories, the three straits were internationally controlled, Anatolia was divided into two, Armenia was established, the Kurdish autonomy was given, the western Aegean islands and a large area of land were given to Greece, and the southwest was administered by France and Italy.
67. AD1923, Kemal signed the Treaty of Lausanne, and Turkey became independent.
68. AD1926, Britain signed treaties with Turkey and Iraq to determine the border between Turkey and Iraq.
69. AD1932, Iraq and Jordan determine the border.
70. AD1933, the League of Nations confirmed the completion of the border between Iraq and Syria.
71. AD1929, Palestinian riots, killing 132 Jews.
Chapter 9 Blood and Tears World War II
72. AD1938, November 9, the Nazis launched the Kristallnacht Riots.
73. AD1933, Hitler became Chancellor of Germany.
74. AD1933, Einstein emigrated to the United States.
75. AD1935, Hitler passed the Nuremberg Act.
76. AD 1939, Germany invaded Poland in September, and World War II broke out.
77. AD1941, December 7, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, and the Pacific War broke out.
78. AD1942, in December, Germany established 6 concentration camps in Poland, including Auschwitz.
79. AD 1942, January 20, Wannsee Conference reached a final settlement for the Jews.
80. AD1942, in June, the United States launched the Manhattan Project, with the Jew Oppenheimer as the chief scientist.
81. AD1945, August 6, the United States atomic bombed Hiroshima.
82. AD1945, August 15, Japan surrendered, and World War II ended.
Chapter 10 Return to the Promised Land
83. AD1947, United Nations Determination of Partition Agreement for Palestine.
84. AD1948, May 14, the State of Israel.
85. AD1948, In the early morning of May 15, the First Middle East War broke out.
86. AD1949, March 10, the war ended, and 960,000 Palestinians became refugees.
87. AD 1950, On April 24, King Abdullah I of Jordan announced the annexation of central Palestine, namely the West Bank. Grant Palestinian refugees the right to vote.
88. AD1950, On July 20, King Abdullah I of Jordan was shot dead by gunmen from the West Bank with a Muslim Brotherhood background while attending prayers at the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem.
Chapter 11 The Rise of Palestinian Armed Factions
89. AD 1928, In March, the Muslim Brotherhood was founded in Ismailia, Egypt, by a school teacher, Hassan Banner.
90. AD1929, officially established, named "Banner Movement", later changed to "Muslim Brotherhood". It is a religious and political group based on the Sunni tradition of Islam. Their goal is to make the Qur'an and the Hadith the most important core values of the Islamic family and state.
91. AD1950, Arafat entered Cairo University to study civil engineering.
92. AD1956, October 29-November 7, the Second Middle East War broke out.
93. AD1957, Arafat went to Kuwait as an engineer in the public municipal sector.
94. AD1959, Fatah, the mainstream faction in Palestine, was formally established, with Arafat as its founder. The Palestinian National Liberation Movement, or Fatah, "advocates the establishment of a democratic state on the entire Palestinian land, with Jerusalem as its capital," and insists that armed struggle is the "only way" to achieve this goal.
95. AD Yassin joined the Muslim Brotherhood in 1965.
96. AD 1987, on December 9, Yassin established Hamas, as the spiritual leader of the organization. The Islamic Resistance Movement, formerly known as the Islamic Coalition, was founded in 1987 as the Islamic Coalition and is an Islamist movement and political party in Palestine. Its main military organization is the "Kasan Brigade".
97. AD 1979, in February, Shiite leader Sayyid Ruhollah Khomeini launched the Islamic Revolution and established the theocratic Islamic Republic of Iran.
98 AD 1979 Palestinian Islamic Jihad (Jihad), an organization secretly founded by a group of radical Palestinian students in Egypt, whose goal is to eliminate Israel and establish the Islamic Republic of Palestine through "jihad"; Re-establish a unified Islamic world under the impetus of the Islamic movement.
Chapter 12 Five Middle East Wars
99. AD1956, October 29-November 7 Second Middle East War.
100. AD1967, June 5-June 10, Third Middle East War.
101. AD1973, October 6-October 26 Fourth Middle East War.
102. AD1982, June 6-September 29, Fifth Middle East War The cause of the Israeli ambassador to Britain was the armed assassination of the Israeli ambassador to the United Kingdom.
Chapter 13 The Unity and Unity of the Arab World
103. AD 1956, Nasser declared the Suez Canal national, and the Second Middle East War broke out.
104. AD 1958, in February, Egypt and Syria made peace and became the United Arab Emirates.
105, AD1960, the Prime Minister of Jordan was killed.
106. AD1961, on September 28, Syria canceled its union with Egypt.
107. AD 1968, Israel takes the Gaza Strip.
108. AD1970, Black September Incident, the Jordanian Civil War broke out, the Jordanian army eliminated more than half of the PLO militants, and the remnants were taken over by Lebanon.
109. AD1970, on September 28, Nasser, Egypt, died of illness after solving the Black September Incident.
110. AD1980, September 22-1988, August 20, Iran-Iraq War.
111. AD 1981, on October 6, Sadat was assassinated in a military parade in Egypt, and the main culprit of the assassination operation, Army Captain Khalid Ahmad Shawuqi al-Islamouli, was a member of the radical wing of the "Islamic Rising" group.
112. AD1990, August 2-1991, February 28, First Gulf War, Iraq withdrew from Kuwait.
113. AD2003, on March 20, Britain and the United States launched the Second Gulf War, and Saddam Hussein fell.
Chapter 14 Difficult Palestinian-Israeli Peace Talks
114. AD1988, on November 15, Palestine declared independence.
115, AD1991 The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe underwent drastic changes, and on December 26, the Soviet Union collapsed.
116. AD1991, In October, Palestine and Israel held the Middle East Peace Conference in Madrid.
117. AD1993, In September, the Palestinian-Israeli peace agreement "Declaration of Principles" was signed, known as the "Oslo Accords", which made a substantial and major breakthrough in achieving initial peace, and finally reached an agreement in principle on issues such as Gaza and Jericho first autonomy.
118. AD1995, On November 4, Israeli Prime Minister Rabin was assassinated.
119. AD1995, September 5, Gaza and Jellico Limited Autonomy.
120. AD 1996, on May 29, Netanyahu was elected Prime Minister of Israel.
121. AD2004, November 11, Arafat died of illness.
122, AD2005, Israeli withdrawal from Gaza.
123. AD2006, on January 25, Hamas seized the Palestinian power and obtained a majority of legislators.
124. AD2007, On June 14, Hamas forcibly expelled Palestinian security forces from Gaza and seized control of the Gaza Strip.
125. AD2009, on March 31, Netanyahu became Israel's prime minister.
126, AD2022, on December 29, Netanyahu once again assumed the post of Prime Minister of Israel.
Chapter 15 The Shadow of Terrorism Lingers
127. AD1972, September 5-6, Munich Olympic Village**, Palestinian terrorist organization killed 11 Israeli athletes.
128. AD1976, the Pakistani terrorist organization hijacked the Air France plane, hijacked 106 people, and the Israeli security forces made every effort to rescue and release, among which the leader of the security forces, Jonathan Netanyahu, died at the age of 38 (for the current Netanyahu's own brother).
129. AD2023, On October 7, Hamas militants launched a large-scale attack on civilians, including Israeli and foreigners, abducting more than 100 people.