Manure treatment in dairy farms is an important link, which is related to environmental protection, resource utilization and sustainable development of animal husbandry. With the continuous progress of science and technology and the improvement of environmental awareness, the treatment and resource utilization of manure in dairy farms are also constantly innovating and improving.
1. Dairy farm manure treatment process.
1.Collection and storage.
Manure from dairy farms is first collected, usually in one place by means of equipment such as manure tunnels or scrapers. The collected manure needs to be stored for a period of time for subsequent processing. During the storage process, it is necessary to pay attention to anti-odor, anti-fly, anti-leakage and other measures to avoid pollution to the environment.
2.Solid-liquid separation.
Solid-liquid separation is a critical step in manure treatment on dairy farms. By means of a solid-liquid separation device, the solids and liquids in the manure are separated. The solid part mainly contains impurities such as undigested feed residues and cow hair, which can be used as organic fertilizer; The liquid part contains a large amount of water and organic matter and requires further treatment.
3.Liquid handling.
Liquid treatment mainly includes methods such as anaerobic digestion and aerobic treatment. Anaerobic digestion is the decomposition of organic matter into methane, carbon dioxide and other gases through the action of microorganisms under anaerobic conditions, and at the same time produces organic fertilizer. Aerobic treatment is the decomposition of organic matter into carbon dioxide and water through the action of microorganisms under aerobic conditions, and at the same time produces organic fertilizer.
4.Drying and utilization.
Liquid-treated manure needs to be dried for storage and transport. The dried manure can be used directly in farmland as organic fertilizer or as biomass energy.
Second, the form of fecal recycling.
1.Organic fertilizers.
Dairy manure is treated and can be used as organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizers are rich in nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which help improve soil fertility and promote crop growth. Compared with chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers have the advantages of environmental protection, safety and long-term effect, and are welcomed by more and more farmers.
2.Biomass energy.
Dairy manure is dried and can be used as biomass energy. Biomass energy is a renewable energy source that has the advantages of environmental protection and sustainability. With biomass combustion, manure can be converted into heat or electricity to support dairy farms.
3.Feed additives.
Specially treated dairy manure can also be used as a feed additive. By adding an appropriate amount of enzymes, microorganisms and other biological agents, the nutritional value and digestibility of manure can be improved, and it can be used as a feed supplement for animal husbandry production.
4.Soil amendments.
Dairy manure can be treated and used as a soil amendment. Soil amendments can improve soil structure, improve soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and promote the growth and activity of soil microorganisms, thereby improving soil quality.
In summary, the manure treatment of dairy farms has gone through the processes of collection and storage, solid-liquid separation, liquid handling, drying and utilization. Manure recycling forms include organic fertilizers, biomass energy, feed additives and soil amendments. Through reasonable treatment and resource utilization, we can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also realize the recycling of resources and promote the sustainable development of animal husbandry.