In 2023, China's national economic and social development has made new achievements, which are not only reflected in the growth of overall economic indicators, but also in the positive transformation of the demographic structure. According to the Statistical Communiqué of the People's Republic of China on National Economic and Social Development in 2023 released by the National Bureau of Statistics, China is shifting from a "demographic dividend" to a "talent dividend", which marks a new stage of China's economic development and injects new vitality into China's future development.
According to the communiqué, the country's population reached 140967 million at the end of the year, a decrease of 2.08 million from the end of the previous year, but this does not mean that China's demographic dividend has disappeared. On the contrary, this change reflects more the optimization and upgrading of the Chinese population structure. The annual birth population was 9.02 million, and the birth rate was 639, while the death rate was 11.1 million, and the mortality rate was 787 with a natural growth rate of -148‰。This means that China's population growth is shifting from quantitative to qualitative, and talent dividends are gradually emerging.
At the same time, the growth of the urban permanent population is also showing a positive trend. At the end of the year, the permanent urban population of the country was 932.67 million, accounting for an increasing proportion of the country's total population. The number of employed persons in urban areas also increased by 470.32 million, accounting for 63 percent of the total number of employed persons in the country5%。These figures show that China's urbanization process is accelerating, and the urban economy is becoming an important driving force for China's economic development.
In addition, 12.44 million new jobs were created in urban areas throughout the year, an increase of 380,000 over the previous year, and this figure also hit a record high. The average surveyed unemployment rate in urban areas was 52%, and the national surveyed urban unemployment rate at the end of the year was 51%, these data indicate that China's job market is remaining stable and the employment situation is generally improving.
Migrant workers are an important force in China's economic development, and their number and employment also have a direct impact on China's economic development. According to the communiqué, the total number of migrant workers in the country reached 297.53 million, an increase of 06%。Among them, 176.58 million migrant workers went out, an increase of 27%；The number of local migrant workers was 120.95 million, down by 22%。This shows that with the advancement of urbanization, more and more migrant workers have begun to choose to work in cities and towns, and their employment stability and income level are also improving.
Shifting from "demographic dividend" to "talent dividend" is an inevitable trend of China's economic development. In this process of transformation, China needs to pay more attention to the cultivation and introduction of talents, and improve the quality and efficiency of human resources. At the same time, it is also necessary to further optimize the employment structure, promote the integration of urban and rural labor markets, and provide more employment opportunities and a better employment environment for migrant workers and other groups.
In short, China's national economic and social development in 2023 has made new achievements, and the optimization and upgrading of the population structure has injected new vitality into China's future development. In the future, China needs to continue to deepen reform and opening up, strengthen innovation-driven, promote high-quality economic development, and achieve more sustainable and inclusive development.
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