There will be hazards everywhere in the decoration of new houses, especially the hazards of paint gases, exterior wall paint, interior wall paint, wood paint, viscose ......If we don't pay attention to and deal with these kinds of issues, it will affect our long-term healthy life. Which paints are the most harmful to the human body? Like ethylene glycol ether and its ester solvent coatings, as long as people are exposed to it for a long time, it will damage the blood and lymph, and the more serious ones will also cause great harm to the reproductive system. So how to prevent paint poisoning? Now let's find out.
Does paint have formaldehyde?
Yes, formaldehyde has always played an important role in paints, because formaldehyde can be used as an organic solvent for paints, giving the surface of the coating excellent gloss and smooth feel, which in turn enhances the scratch and friction resistance of the coating.
Hazards of paints.
The most harmful substances of paint to the human body mainly include formaldehyde, benzene, TVOC, etc.
Formaldehyde is a colorless and easily soluble irritating gas. Particleboard, MDF, plywood and other man-made panels, adhesives and wallpaper are the main formaldehyde in the air, with a release period of up to 3 15 years. It can be absorbed through the respiratory tract, and the harm of formaldehyde to the human body has the characteristics of long-term, latent and hidden. Long-term inhalation of formaldehyde can cause serious diseases such as nasopharyngeal cancer and laryngeal cancer.
Benzene is a colorless gas with a peculiar aromatic odor. Glues, paints, coatings, and adhesives are the main sources of benzene in the air**. After benzene and benzene series are inhaled by the human body, the central nervous system anesthetic effect can occur; It can inhibit the hematopoietic function of the human body, reduce red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, and increase the incidence of aplastic anemia; It can also lead to abnormal menstruation in women, congenital defects of the fetus, etc.
TVOC is the abbreviation of total volatile organic compounds, VOC and votatile organic compound, VOC is used as a heterogeneous pollutant in indoor air, due to their low concentration alone, but there are many types, and they are generally not expressed separately one by one, and their total amount is expressed by TVOC. TVOC includes benzene, toluene, butyl acetate, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, styrene, o-xylene, undecane, etc. Interior construction and decoration materials are the main VOCs in the air**. Studies have shown that even if the content of a single VOC in indoor air is lower than its limit, the mixed presence of multiple VOCs and their interactions will increase the intensity of the hazard. TVOC is toxic and irritating, can cause imbalance of the body's immune level, affect the function of the central nervous system, cause dizziness, headache, drowsiness, weakness, chest tightness and other symptoms, and may also affect the digestive system, loss of appetite, nausea, etc., and in severe cases, it can damage the liver and hematopoietic system, and even cause death.
Which paints are the most harmful to the human body.
The first kind: ethylene glycol ether and its ester solvent coatings, which directly have a killing effect on the human body, as long as people are exposed to it for a long time, the light ones will damage the blood and lymph, and the more serious ones will also have great harm to the reproductive system.
The second type: is a paint with amino paint, if you recognize this paint to brush the door, brush the window, passers-by can smell it, sometimes the smoked people will be dizzy, can not open, the harm is obvious.
Type 3: Some anti-corrosion coatings sometimes require some additional functions, such as the coatings used on ships, which have to add some toxic substances because they require seaweed killing. For example, the addition of heavy metal substances can poison some workers who are close to them for a long time.
Type 4: Paint with solvent toluene, which will not be noticed in the short term, but will be exposed to long-term contact and slowly accumulate toxins. As a result, the body is unwell, there is a feeling of being dumb and eating coptis, and when we accumulate more and find the problem, it will be too late.
How to prevent paint poisoning.
1. Strengthen labor protection education, so that operators (including relevant personnel) can master relevant protection knowledge.
2. The workplace should have good ventilation conditions, if the ventilation conditions are not good, measures must be taken before painting.
3. Equipped with necessary protective equipment, such as masks, gas masks, safety goggles or full face masks, the workplace should have eyewash devices, or rubber gloves (cloth gloves), work clothes, sleeves, foot covers, etc.
4. When there is paint on your hands or **, try not to wash it with harmful solvents, you can wash it with kerosene or diesel, or scrub it with soap, washing powder and sawdust, and then wash it with warm water.
5. For workers who have been engaged in painting work for a long time, regular physical examinations will be carried out to find symptoms in a timely manner.
6. Improve the environment of the operation site, such as the use of red dandrin as much as possible, less spraying, in order to reduce the opportunity of droplets and gas inhalation into the human body, during operation, stand in the upwind direction, cover the paint container tightly, and avoid gas volatilization.
7. You must wash your hands and face before eating, and those who use harmful paint for a long time should take a shower. Hands or exposed** can be pre-applied with a protective paste. The paste can be prepared by itself, and its mix ratio is: talcum powder 221, starch 41. Vegetable oil or mineral oil 94, gelatin 19. Glycerol 14. Boric acid 19, water 592。Before applying, wash your hands well, then place the paste on the palm of your hand and rub it into a thin, completely dry layer by hand. When the work is finished, wash it with water and soap.
8. Find a qualified testing company for testing. When choosing a testing agency, you must find a formal and qualified testing unit and adopt national standard testing methods. At present, some "testing units" on the market claim that they can detect formaldehyde on the spot with instruments, but this detection method is often ineffective. It is important to note that there are also some companies that advertise "free testing", but in fact, most of their purpose is to promote governance products, so the credibility and fairness are very poor. When looking for a testing company, you must pay attention, don't look for companies that do both testing and governance, because this kind of company often deliberately says that you exceed the standard seriously in order to promote management products; After governance, in order to "ensure" their "governance" effect, they often say that they exceed the standard as qualified. Their impartiality is difficult to guarantee. In accordance with relevant provisions, testing institutions must not engage in work that affects the fairness of testing, that is, testing institutions must not engage in governance work.
How long does it take for formaldehyde to volatilize in paints and coatings.
Generally speaking, the formaldehyde of paint can be emitted in about 1 to 3 months, and some regular brands have relatively low content, and ventilation can be volatilized and cleaned after 1 month. If you want to judge whether there is formaldehyde in the room, you can enter the room to see if there is a pungent smell. If not, it means that it has basically evaporated cleanly.
However, if you buy some inferior paint, you should pay attention to the fact that the content of harmful substances is relatively large, and the volatilization time will be extended, reaching about 3 months, or even longer.
Therefore, I also remind everyone that if you want to buy big brand paint from regular channels, the amount of formaldehyde inside will be very low, as long as it is ventilated for 1 month, it will basically have no impact on the human body.
How to quickly remove the smell of paint.
1. Open windows for ventilation: This may be the easiest and fastest way to remove formaldehyde, but the most important premise of ventilation to remove formaldehyde is to maintain ventilation, and the ventilation here is not to simply open the window, the most important thing is to realize indoor and outdoor air convection, so as to achieve the effect of removing formaldehyde. For example, in summer and winter, when the air conditioner is turned on, the doors and windows are closed or there is no wind outside, the effect of removing formaldehyde cannot be achieved.
2. Activated carbon: Activated carbon has a large number of irregular pores inside, among which the pores similar to formaldehyde molecules will adsorb formaldehyde, which can achieve the purpose of purifying the air, but the number of internal pores is limited, and it may cause secondary pollution when adsorbed is saturated, so it must be replaced regularly when used.
3. Photocatalyst: As the name suggests, it is a catalyst mentioned in our junior high school chemistry, which decomposes formaldehyde into carbon dioxide and water through light, reduces the indoor formaldehyde content, and achieves the purpose of removing formaldehyde.
4. Fresh air system: similar to the ventilation method to remove formaldehyde, but there is no need to open the window when in use, and the air delivered to the room is filtered, the disadvantage is that it is relatively high, and the installation needs to be carried out before decoration.