Three-minute popular science
The U.S. "Maritime Advance Deployment Force" includes the "Ocean Reserve Fleet." What is a "preset"? The preset is the advance arrangement of non-military factors, that is, the storage of a certain amount of combat materials in advance at foreign bases in the area of potential engagement or adjacent seas, and routine maintenance and defense of them with a small number of troops, is a major way for the US military to achieve rapid support, which is divided into land preparation and sea preparation, and currently only the United States has this name. Marine preset refers to the process of pre-deployment at sea. "Forward ship" refers to a kind of equipment that can be preset on the sea surface, it is not a ship, but a general term for various types of ships that can be pre-set, including special medium-sized ro-ro cargo ships, ordinary military supply ships, ocean-going transport ships, and even chartered civilian ships. A number of such fleets are called "marine reserve forces". Its basic role is to provide logistical support to the US Army Marines who have landed on the battlefield, under their command. In addition, in the absence of a port, on-board cranes and improved transport equipment can be used to moor and unload cargo in the tranquil waters far from the shore.
The U.S. Marine Pre-Readiness Program began in 1977 with the then American Jimmy. In a document, Carter approved the formation of a rapidly dispatched task force to fill the gap in U.S. security capabilities in the Persian Gulf. In order to respond to the emergency, the US Navy deployed a pre-deployed ship on Diego Garcia Island in July 198, which was equipped with the equipment required by an army brigade and equipped with 30 days of supplies to provide an immediate response. Earlier in 1985, ro-ro and bulk ships, specially built and modified for the US Navy, were put into service, which included pre-prepared combat vehicles, equipment and supplies. By the mid-1980s, the entire U.S. maritime predeployment force had been completed, and in 1987 a marine predeployment fleet was formed. The Marine Equipment Unit under the U.S. Marine Corps Logistics Support Command has 16 ships and is divided into three pre-configured fleets located in important strategic locations around the world. They are now in the selection of Gogarcia (Indian Ocean),* Camban (Western Pacific) and Western Mediterranean (Western Mediterranean), and can be reached in just 7 to 14 days from any potential battle site in the world. A formation consists of 4 to 6 ships, equipped with sufficient vehicles, ammunition, fuel, fresh water, medicines, and other supplies, capable of providing a marine force of about 18,000 men. In order to ensure efficient planning and training, each flight group is equipped with a dedicated ground force.
Each transport vessel is equipped with temperature control equipment in its cabin. The ship has a team of civilian personnel responsible for routine inspections and routine maintenance. Every two years, the ship returns to Jacksonville, Florida, where it is overhauled and replaced.
The main role of the Navy's pre-deployed army is its mobility. As long as it is built, it can send troops around the world in the shortest possible time.
If the U.S. Navy responds quickly to an emergency in an area and deploys troops, the U.S. Navy will work with pre-positioned forces at sea. First, there will be 120 transport aircraft, such as the C-5 Galaxy, C-141 Star, and C-17 Global Air Supremacy, which will transport these people to different battlefields and locally converge with pre-deployed maritime forces. The U.S. Navy, arriving by plane, will have completed all operational readiness in five days and joined the pre-deployed maritime forces.
In the event of a severe war, 3 flying groups scattered in three locations can be combined into a single unit to support the largest combat unit of the U.S. Marine Corps, the "Expedition at Sea". The U.S. side has used two combat plans, "Desert Shield" and "Desert Storm." Since mid-August 1990, all maritime reserve forces have been sent to Saudi Arabia to deliver all kinds of supplies needed for the war effort for the U.S. fleet. During the 2003 campaign for "Iraq for Freedom," 11 ocean reserve forces from two formations were sent to the Persian Gulf to resupply the U.S. Navy. After the war, the U.S. Army sent a special 2,000-strong air-to-ground combat team to repair the wartime damaged ** and transfer the transports on the transport ships to the pre-deployed army in response to the impending crisis.