Su Shi (January 8, 1037 - August 24, 1101), the word Zizhan, the word Hezhong, the number of Tieguandao people, Dongpo layman, known as Su Dongpo, Su Xian, Po Xian, Meizhou Meishan (now Meishan City, Sichuan Province), ancestral home in Luancheng, Hebei Province, Northern Song Dynasty writer, calligrapher, gourmet, painter, historical water control celebrity.
In the second year of Jiayou (1057), Su Shi Jinshi and the first. Song Shenzong served in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was demoted to the deputy envoy of the Huangzhou regiment because of the "Wutai Poetry Case". After Song Zhezong ascended the throne, he served as a bachelor of Hanlin, a bachelor of waiting, and a scholar of the Ministry of Rites, and knew Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou, Dingzhou and other places. Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty was granted amnesty and returned to the north, but died of illness in Changzhou on the way. Song Gaozong posthumously presented the Taishi; Song Xiaozong pursued "Wenzhong".
Su Shi was a leader in the literary world in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in poetry, poetry, literature, calligraphy, and painting. The theme of the poem is broad, fresh and vigorous, good use of exaggerated metaphors, unique style, and Huang Tingjian is called "Su Huang"; The word is open and unrestrained, and Xin Qiji is the same representative of the bold faction, and is called "Su Xin"; The prose writings are rich and unrestrained, and Ouyang Xiu is called "Ou Su", one of the "Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shishanshu, one of the "Four Song Families"; He is good at literati painting, especially ink bamboo, strange stones, dead wood, etc.
The Wutai poetry case occurred in the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), when the imperial history He Zhengchen and others were on the table ** Su Shi, and after Su Shi moved to Huzhou to take office, the above table of Xie En, the language was hidden in the ridicule of the government, and then a large number of sentences in Su Shi's poems were implicated. At that time, Li Ding, Shu Kang, He Zhengchen and others in the imperial history extracted the sentences in Su Shi's "Huzhou Xie Shangbiao" and the poems they had written before, and arrested Su Shi on the charge of slandering the New Deal. Later, Su Shi was imprisoned in the Imperial Historical Observatory for interrogation for more than 100 days, and during his imprisonment, Su Shi was severely interrogated and tortured. Despite the great suffering Su Shi suffered in prison, he remained open-minded and optimistic. In the end, because Zhao Kuangyin, Taizu of the Song Dynasty, set the national policy of not killing scholars, he escaped a catastrophe and was demoted to the deputy envoy of Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei). The position of deputy envoy of the Huangzhou regiment was quite low, and he had no real power, and at this time Su Shi had become disheartened after this battle, so he led his family to reclaim a sloping land in the east of the city in his spare time, and farmed to help make a living. The nickname "Dongpo Layman" came from this time.
The Wutai poetry case had a significant impact on Su Shi's political career, and he was reviled many times in the years that followed, but he always maintained his love for literature and art, and created many outstanding works. His poems, essays, calligraphy and paintings have an important place in the history of Chinese culture and have had a profound impact on later generations.
Here are ten of Su Shi's classic poems:
1."When will the bright moon be there".
Bingchen Mid-Autumn Festival, drinking Dadan, drunk, making this article, and conceiving a child.
When is the bright moon? Ask the sky for wine. I don't know what year it is in the heavenly palace. I want to go back by the wind, but I am afraid of Qionglou Yuyu, and the high place is unbearable. Dance to figure out how the shadow seems to be in the world.
Turn Zhu Pavilion, low Qihu, shine sleeplessly. There should be no hatred, what is the long time to say goodbye? People have joys and sorrows, and the moon is cloudy and sunny, and this matter is difficult to complete. I hope that people will last a long time, and they will be together for thousands of miles.
2."Nian Nujiao Chibi Nostalgia".
The great river goes east, the waves are exhausted, and the characters are merry through the ages. To the west of the base, humanity is: Zhou Lang Chibi of the Three Kingdoms. The rocks pierced the air, the waves crashed on the shore, and thousands of piles of snow were rolled up. The country is picturesque, and there are many heroes at one time.
Thinking about Gongjin back then, Xiao Qiao got married for the first time, and he was heroic. Lupine scarf, talking and laughing, the canopy is gone. The old country fugue, affectionate should laugh at me, early birth. Life is like a dream, and one is still in the moon.
3."Fixing the Storm and Mo Listening to the Sound of the Forest Beating Leaves".
On March 7, it rained in the middle of Shahu Road, and the rain gear went first, and the peers were all embarrassed, and Yu Du was unconscious. It has been clear, so I made this word.
Don't listen to the sound of the forest beating the leaves, why not roar and walk slowly. Bamboo cane shoes are lighter than horses, who is afraid? A cloud of smoke and rain is Ren Ping's life.
The steep spring breeze blows the wine and wakes up, slightly cold, and the mountain is obliquely shining but welcomes. Looking back at the bleak place, there is no wind and rain and no sunshine.
4."Jiangchengzi Yimao Dream on the Twentieth Night of the First Month".
Ten years of life and death, without thinking, unforgettable. Thousands of miles of lonely graves, nowhere to talk about desolation. Even if you don't know each other, your face is dusty, and your temples are like frost.
At night, I suddenly returned to my hometown, and I was dressing up in the small window. There are no words for each other, only a thousand tears. It is expected that the intestines will be broken every year, the bright moon night, and the short Matsuoka.
5."Butterfly Love Flowers: Spring Scene".
The flowers fade and the red green apricots are small. When the swallows fly, the green water surrounds. There are few willows blowing on the branches, and there is no fragrant grass at the end of the world!
Swing inside the wall, outside the wall. Pedestrians outside the wall, beautiful people laugh inside the wall. The laughter gradually faded into silence, but the amorous was ruthlessly annoyed.
6."Huanxi Sha You Qishui Qingquan Temple".
You Qishui Qingquan Temple, the temple is near the Lanxi, and the stream flows westward.
The orchid buds under the mountain are short and soaked in the stream, the sand road between the pines is clean and mudless, and the rain is crying in the twilight.
Who knows that there is nothing less in life? The flowing water in front of the door is still in the west! Hugh will sing the yellow chicken with white hair.
7."Title: Xilin Wall".
Horizontally, it is a peak on the side of the ridge, and the height is different from far and near.
I don't know the true face of Lushan, only because I am in this mountain.
8."Two Songs After the Rain After the First Sunny Weather on the Drinking Lake".
The water is shining and sunny, and the mountains are empty and rainy.
If you want to compare West Lake to Xizi, it is always appropriate to apply light makeup and heavy makeup.
9."Hui Chong Spring River Evening Scene Two Songs, Part I".
Three or two peach blossoms outside the bamboo, the prophet of the plumbing duck in the spring river.
Artemisia is full of short reed buds, which is the time when the puffer fish wants to eat.
10."Looking at the South of the River, Transcendent Taiwan".
Spring is not old, and the wind is thin and willow is oblique. Try to look at the transcendent platform, half a trench spring water and a city of flowers. Smoke and rain are dark.
After the cold food, the wine wakes up but sighs. Hugh thinks about the old people and the old country, and will try new tea with new fire. Poetry and wine take advantage of the youth.