Skalp is a nuclear-powered anti-submarine aerial bomb developed by the Soviet Union and Russia Depth Bomb, designed by the 1011th Scientific Research Institute (1011) and now designed by the Russian Institute of Technical Physics (with Zakhalenkov as the chief designer.
Development Background:
In 1959, the USSR ** Committee and the Council of Ministers of the USSR issued a resolution calling for the development of a megaton aviation nuclear depth charge for the fight against underwater and surface submarines, as well as enemy ships. Development work began at the end of the 1950s, when the United States began to equip similar aviation anti-submarine systems.
Development process:
For the first time, the 1011th Scientific Research Institute designed a sketch for the nuclear munition Scarp and reviewed it.
On August 17, 1961, the Council of Ministers of the USSR issued Resolution No. 758-324, which called for factory and acceptance tests of Scarp's products in 1962.
From September 1960 to October 1963, tests of the aerodynamic shell of the bomb without a nuclear warhead were carried out at land and sea ranges in the Crimea.
In 1964, joint tests of the BE-12SK "Seagull" carrier aircraft and the Skarp bomb were conducted.
1 5 -48 " nuclear anti-submarine missile model, red and white stripes indicate that the model is a training toolService Status:
In 1964, the bomb entered service with the Be-12SK carrier aircraft.
In 1965-1970, three long-range anti-submarine aviation regiments and two anti-submarine squadrons of the USSR Navy were armed with ammunition of the "Skalp" type.
In 1969-1970, a new type of general aviation nuclear depth charge -2 8 -59 anti-submarine ammunition was developed, replacing the "Scarp" bomb.
Key features:
Main carrier aircraft: Be-12SK seaplane.
Nuclear warhead yield: megaton.
Developed by: 1011
Chief Designer:Zakhalenkov
Added:
In addition to the Be-12SK seaplane, the 95 bomber was converted into a carrier aircraft for the "Scarp" bomb.
The development of the Slap bomb was an important milestone in the history of the Soviet Union's nuclear development.
Ammunition uses:Destroy submarines, surface ships and ground targets in the absence or suppression of enemy air defense.
Technical features:
There are no aerial and contact detonation devices.
For shallow-water submarines, in addition to the existing delay setting (204 seconds and 44 seconds), a delay of about 100 seconds has been added to ensure that the bomb-dropping aircraft have enough time to evacuate the danger zone.
Aerodynamic braking is carried out by parachute before bomb dropping to improve the accuracy of bomb dropping.
How it works:
The aircraft flew over the target area with ammunition.
After dropping the bomb, the ammunition is in free fall in the air.
When approaching the surface of the water, the parachute opens, slowing down the falling speed of ammunition and improving the accuracy of bomb delivery.
After the ammunition enters the water, it is detonated according to the delay setting, causing damage to the target.
Key Benefits:
It can effectively combat shallow water submarines.
Improved bomb safety.
Strengthened the ability to break through enemy air defense systems.
Application Scenarios:
Anti-submarine warfare. Offensive and defensive operations at sea.
Ground attack operations.
Nuclear anti-submarine bomb model RU-1 5F-48
Nuclear ** Museum RY-1 5F-48 nuclear anti-submarine bomb model Weight: 1600 kg.
Power: 10 kilotons.
*Depth: 200-400 meters.
Radius to kill enemy submarines: 600-700 meters.
Bomb altitude: 2000-8000 meters.
Ammunition type:
Nuclear warhead, developed by the 1011 Research Institute, has a power of 10 thousand tons.
Some materials also mention the "task of developing a megaton warhead", as well as the possibility of using a thermonuclear warhead.
Modifications:
5 -48 "Scarp" - basic modification of ammunition and warhead.
Anti-submarine nuclear bomb RU-1 5F-48 on a transporter. Carrier aircraft:
Be-12SK Product ESC - an anti-submarine amphibious aircraft for the delivery of Scarp ammunition. The aircraft carried one "Scarp" ammunition in the bomb bay, using a special beam pylons with a mass of 78 kg. A constant microclimate is maintained in the bomb bay, and the air temperature is kept between 16-23 degrees Celsius - an important condition for ensuring a reliable detonation of a nuclear warhead.
To accommodate the ammunition, the Be-12SK underwent the following modifications:
Taking into account the weight of the bomb, a 4-4 beam pylons with 12-locks were installed in the cargo compartment.
In order to meet the temperature requirements of the bomb, the interior of the cargo compartment was insulated, the air of the heating system came from the compressor of the engine, an electric heater was also installed, and a device for fixing the protective tent was set up, which was used to maintain the temperature in the cargo compartment when the cargo door was opened on the ground.
Additional wires were laid along the hull for the control of combat and emergency launches.
To prevent access to the cargo compartment after the bomb was loaded, two locks were installed on the 31st bulkhead, each with a different key, which was stored in a sealed sealed box.
Work on the development of the BE-12SK began on August 17, 1961 by the resolution of the ** Committee of the USSR ** and the Council of Ministers of the USSR. On December 22, 1960, the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force and Minister of Armed Forces approved the tactical technical requirements. June 21-27, 1962, at 49 the model and preliminary design materials were reviewed. The amount of work to improve the aircraft in service is relatively small.
The BE-12SK was tested in a joint state from October 16, 1963 to January 12, 1964, and a number of areas for improvement were identified. The joint test resumed on March 30, 1964, and was successfully completed on May 15, 1964.