Authors: Huang Jin and Tang Liu (School of Economics, Fujian Normal University).
**The general secretary pointed out at the opening ceremony of the seminar on promoting high-quality financial development for major leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial level that to promote high-quality financial development and build a financial power, it is necessary to adhere to the combination of rule of law and rule of ethics, actively cultivate a financial culture with Chinese characteristics, and achieve: be honest and trustworthy, and do not cross the bottom line; Profit by righteousness, not profit; Steady and prudent, not eager for quick success; Integrity and innovation, not from the real to the virtual; Comply with laws and regulations, and do not act arbitrarily. **The important speech of the general secretary provides a fundamental guide and scientific guidance for further financial work in the new era.
1. Grasp the rich connotation of financial culture with Chinese characteristics.
Financial culture with Chinese characteristics is not only based on China's practice, emphasizing Chinese characteristics and Chinese style, but also looking at the world and extensively absorbing the achievements of modern civilization development, reflecting a profound grasp of the unity of universality and particularity of financial culture.
The financial culture with Chinese characteristics adheres to the unity of righteousness and benefit. Be honest and trustworthy, and do not cross the bottom line; Seeking profit with righteousness and not seeking profit is the inheritance and promotion of the excellent traditional Chinese culture. The Chinese nation has a long history of business, and has formed a relatively complete set of business ethics and codes of conduct in long-term business activities, and the business philosophy and cultural concepts contained in it have had a profound impact on later generations. Advocating integrity is a reflection of the traditional culture of "words must be believed, actions must be fruitful" and "sincere seeking" and other ideas in the field of business activities. Honesty and trustworthiness and not crossing the bottom line require people to abide by their commitments in financial activities, adhere to bottom-line thinking, consciously maintain financial order, and be the builders and maintainers of a good financial environment. On the one hand, traditional culture affirms the legitimacy of interest appeals, and on the other hand, it resolutely opposes profits that violate the principle of righteousness, especially against ignoring the interests of the state and society out of personal self-interest. In financial activities, the use of righteousness for profit requires that the benefits obtained must be justified, and the overall interests of the country and society must be fully considered, so as to achieve both righteousness and benefit, and the unity of knowledge and action.
The financial culture with Chinese characteristics adheres to steady and far-reaching development. Steady and prudent, not eager for quick success; Keeping integrity and innovation, not detaching from reality to virtuality, this is the reference and application of the development experience of the modern financial industry. Prudent and prudent, not anxious for quick success, emphasizing that financial activities must handle the relationship between stability and development, improve asset quality, lay a solid foundation for development, pay attention to risk prevention, and develop and grow in sound operation. Integrity and innovation, not detaching from reality to virtuality, emphasizing that financial activities must correctly handle the relationship between integrity and innovation. Keeping the right is the basis for carrying out financial activities, and only by keeping the right can we not lose our way and not make subversive mistakes, and only on the basis of keeping the right can we do a good job in innovation. Innovation can grasp the times and lead the times, and financial innovation must focus on serving the needs of the real economy.
The financial culture with Chinese characteristics adheres to the awareness of the rule of law. Complying with laws and regulations and not acting recklessly is to adhere to and carry forward the spirit of the rule of law in the market economy. **The general secretary pointed out that the socialist market economy is essentially an economy governed by the rule of law, and the rule of law is the best business environment. The market economy inherently requires people to establish a common code of conduct, fully respect the rule of law, and regard the law as the main basis for regulating the activities of the modern market economy. The financial industry is an important component of the market economy, and the financial culture with Chinese characteristics advocates compliance with laws and regulations, refrains from misconduct, attaches importance to the use of the rule of law thinking to regulate financial activities, and consciously promotes the modernization of the internal governance of financial enterprises with the rule of law.
2. Cultivating a financial culture with Chinese characteristics is an inevitable requirement for promoting high-quality financial development.
**It is proposed to accelerate the construction of a financial power and unswervingly follow the road of finance with Chinese characteristics. To build a financial power, we should pay equal attention to "hard" and "soft", not only to improve the level of hardware construction such as modern financial infrastructure, but also to deeply grasp the importance of financial culture, values and other software.
From the point of view of the relationship between economy and culture, culture is the accumulation of spiritual products created by mankind in long-term practice, and once mastered by the masses, it can be transformed into a majestic force for promoting the progress of social production and undertakings. Historical materialism believes that culture belongs to the field of superstructure, and culture is determined by the economic base, on the other hand, culture as a superstructure has a certain degree of independence, and has a distinct reaction to the economic base and mode of production, "cultural self-confidence is a more basic, broader and deeper self-confidence, and the most basic, deepest and most lasting force in the development of a country and a nation." Advanced culture can promote the improvement of people's cultural accomplishment and spiritual realm, and has a positive role in uniting people's hearts and guiding the social atmosphere to uphold virtue and goodness. Chinese modernization is the modernization of material civilization and spiritual civilization in harmony, the economy and culture are intertwined, and the construction of material civilization and spiritual civilization promote each other. Financial culture with Chinese characteristics is an organic part of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, and it is necessary to fully understand the importance of cultivating financial culture with Chinese characteristics from the dialectical relationship between the economic foundation and the superstructure, and use financial culture with Chinese characteristics to promote the construction of a financial power.
From the perspective of the intrinsic characteristics of the financial industry itself, cultivating a financial culture with Chinese characteristics and enhancing the "soft power" of financial culture are the internal requirements for promoting the healthy development of the financial industry. Specifically, first, the financial industry is a special industry that operates monetary and credit business. Financial activities are not only commercial activities in the general sense, but also often face various risks such as credit risk, liquidity risk, market risk, moral hazard, and operational risk. A positive financial culture can guide people to consciously abide by the rules of behavior, reduce opportunistic behavior, and reduce the probability of risk. Second, the financial industry is a producer service industry. The modern financial industry system is huge, involving insurance, banking, ** and other aspects, serving various social groups and different departments, financial services have intangible and heterogeneous characteristics, and need to be comprehensively analyzed according to the wealth status, risk appetite and income requirements of the service object, and provide appropriate financial services to meet the differentiated financial needs. Financial activities are more dependent on people's initiative and the quality of services. Third, financial activities are complex. With the rapid development of modern finance, all kinds of derivative financial products emerge in an endless stream, and financial arbitrage methods are constantly renovated. Financial culture plays an important role in strengthening industry self-discipline and personal behavior self-discipline, and has played a silent role in cultivating people and moisturizing things. Therefore, the particularity and internal development law of the financial industry objectively require the use of financial culture with Chinese characteristics to guide all kinds of financial activities, improve the service level of the financial industry, and accelerate the construction of a modern financial system with Chinese characteristics.
From the perspective of the impact of finance on macroeconomic operation, the financial activities of Western capitalist countries are closely related to their financial culture. The accumulation of financial capital is divided into the productive accumulation obtained by investment functional capital and the unproductive parasitic accumulation obtained by the internal circulation of financial capital itself. Compared with productive accumulation, because unproductive parasitic accumulation can obtain huge profits through speculative activities in a shorter period of time, the speculative behavior and self-internal circulation of financial capital are becoming more and more serious. Since the 80s of the 20th century, the rise of neoliberalism has further affected the values of the Western financial industry, financial innovation has been one-sidedly understood as the arbitrage design of financial products, and the financial regulatory system has been regarded as an obstacle to financial development, resulting in the gradual separation of financial activities from the industrial economic base, and the high bubble of financial assets, which has seriously undermined the smooth progress of the reproduction of the real economy, exacerbated the widening gap between the rich and the poor in society, and induced social and economic turmoil. The outbreak of the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States in 2008 profoundly reflected the narrow values of individualism and mercenary in Western financial culture. Therefore, conscientiously learning from domestic and foreign experiences and strengthening the construction of financial culture is a key measure to enhance self-restraint and enhance risk prevention capabilities.
3. Consolidate the foundation of financial culture with Chinese characteristics.
The cultivation of financial culture with Chinese characteristics is a long-term process, which requires a combination of punches, unremitting efforts, long-term efforts, concentrating on the soul, consolidating the foundation, and making a healthy and progressive financial culture a common practice and a powerful driving force for promoting high-quality financial development.
Adhere to the correct cultural orientation. The majority of financial practitioners should thoroughly study and implement the socialist thought with Chinese characteristics in the new era, adhere to the people-centered value orientation, adhere to the financial service of the real economy as the fundamental purpose, take a clear stand on politics, bear in mind the greatness of the country, strengthen the mission, actively practice the political and people's nature of financial work, and consciously resist the influence of Western financial culture. **The general secretary pointed out that the excellent traditional Chinese culture is our deepest cultural soft power, and it is also the cultural fertile soil for socialism with Chinese characteristics to take root. It is necessary to strive to absorb the essence of the excellent traditional Chinese culture, fully excavate the connotation of the excellent traditional culture, vigorously carry forward the humanistic spirit of valuing trustworthiness and righteousness, being virtuous, and helping the world, inherit the fine business tradition of China, promote the creative transformation and development of the excellent traditional Chinese culture in the financial field, transform the excellent traditional culture into the value standards and ethics that guide people's financial activities, internalize it in the heart, externalize it in the action, and truly give full play to the function of governing by virtue. At the same time, it is necessary to actively learn from the achievements of modern commercial and financial civilization, advocate the spirit of the rule of law and the spirit of contract, protect the legitimate rights and interests of market entities, and help the healthy development of the financial market.
Improve the quality of business development. It is necessary to resolutely implement the financial work policy of the party and the state, integrate the construction of financial culture with Chinese characteristics into the whole process of business development, combine its own business characteristics, adhere to the original positioning, adhere to the original intention, and oppose blind expansion and turning from real to virtual. It is necessary to actively fulfill social responsibilities, strengthen financial support for key groups, key areas and key sectors such as small and micro enterprises, rural areas, and emerging industries, vigorously develop inclusive finance, green finance, and people's livelihood finance, and create a community where the financial industry and the real economy promote each other, symbiosis and common prosperity. It is necessary to optimize the performance appraisal of business institutions, improve incentives and constraints, and vigorously promote the short-term appraisal with profit creation as the core to the comprehensive long-term appraisal covering performance, ability, risk prevention and control, and social evaluation. It is necessary to adhere to compliance and operation in accordance with the law, refine the pre-compliance review, strengthen the intensity of business audits, supervision and inspections during and after the event, step on the stone and grasp the iron traces, do a good job in the implementation of compliance accountability, form a deterrent effect, promote the majority of employees to know and respect, abide by the bottom line, and create a strong compliance culture atmosphere.
Do a good job in organizational and institutional guarantees. The construction of financial culture is a systematic project, and all financial institutions and functional institutions should strengthen the top-level design, scientifically formulate plans for the construction of financial culture, optimize the allocation of departments and personnel for the construction of financial culture, and form a joint force for the construction of cultural construction. It is necessary to ensure that financial institutions carry out activities within the framework of laws and relevant regulations, "strengthen the construction of financial rule of law, timely promote legislation in key financial areas and emerging fields, and escort the development of the financial industry". It is necessary to emphasize that financial regulators should bring all financial activities into the scope of supervision and control in accordance with the law, regard risk prevention as the eternal theme of financial work, and at the same time insist on ensuring that everyone is equal before the law, do not engage in policy discrimination, strictly regulate law enforcement, and improve the quality and credibility of law enforcement. It is necessary to establish and improve the education and training mechanism of financial institutions, do a good job in education and training around the classification and classification of different groups, focus on the training of middle and senior managers and personnel in key positions, strengthen value education, do a good job in ideological education and clean government education, and enhance employees' sense of honor, mission and belonging. It is necessary to focus on the evaluation of the construction of financial culture, closely link the effectiveness of cultural construction with post management, carry out in-depth evaluation and investigation and research of excellent cultural services, pay attention to summarizing the characteristic experience and characteristic practices of financial culture construction, grasp the existing shortcomings and deficiencies, and continue to improve the new results of financial culture construction.
*: Red Flag Manuscript 2024 4