Due to age, the function of the body declines, and the defense ability of the respiratory tract and the function of the immune system will also decline, so they are easily attacked by various pathogens from the outside world. In addition, most of the elderly have underlying diseases, such as chronic lung disease, coronary heart disease, hypertension, etc., which will further reduce their immune function.
Such people who suffer from upper respiratory diseases may not only aggravate the original underlying diseases, but also are more likely to develop severe disease, so special attention should be paid to daily monitoring and protection.
To prevent respiratory tract infections in the elderly, the following points should be done.
1. Get vaccinated
Elderly people who do not have contraindications to vaccination are advised to get influenza vaccine, new coronavirus vaccine, pneumococcal vaccine, etc. as soon as possible.
2. Pay attention to your diet
In terms of diet, we should pay attention to reasonable and scientific, and eat more foods rich in vitamins and high-quality protein, which can help replenish nutrition and energy for the human body and improve the body's immunity.
3. Enhance physical fitness
Proper physical exercise can be carried out to improve cardiopulmonary function, while ensuring adequate sleep and improving immunity.
4. Strengthen indoor ventilation
Ventilate the room regularly throughout the day and, if possible, open windows to ensure air circulation.
5. Pay more attention when you go out
If you need to go out, avoid crowded and poorly ventilated places, keep your stay as short as possible, wear a mask and practice hand hygiene if necessary. Before going out, it is advisable to pay attention to the weather changes and add or remove clothing in a timely manner.
If the elderly suffer from upper respiratory diseases,There may be no obvious symptoms, and there will often be weakness, decreased appetite, choking, unfavorable phlegm production, poor spirits, etcAt this time, it is necessary to judge whether it is necessary to go to the hospital based on the physical condition of the elderly and the severity of their symptoms, but it is recommended that the elderly with serious underlying diseases and advanced age seek medical attention as soon as possible.
In addition, early intervention is also the key to controlling the disease, such as "**72 hours" after being infected with the new coronavirus.
At present, the main means of new coronavirus infection are oral antiviral drugs, including Leruiling (Leretgravir tablets), Paxlovid, etc., which are mainly divided into 3ClPro inhibitors and RDRP inhibitors. Relatively speaking, the former is safer, because it has basically no effect on the human genome, and the human body has no homologous protein, so the possibility of producing toxicity is low.
The new crown drugs targeting 3clpro are also divided into single drug administration and combination administration, which means that the latter will use more types and quantities of drugs to ensure good antiviral effect, and this combination drug includes antiviral active drugs and synergist ritonavir.
Ritonavir itself is used to inhibit the human immunodeficiency virus, so that HIV virus infection, if used in the new crown drug, it is to maintain the activity of antiviral ingredients, to avoid its rapid metabolism after entering the body, can not meet the needs. However, ritonavir can interact with a variety of chronic disease drugs, which does not seem to be friendly to the elderly, and monotherapy is more suitable.
Leretgravir tablets are single-agent 3clpro inhibitors, which not only have good antiviral effects, but also have a low risk of drug interactions and have a wider range of applications.
Some people may think that as long as disinfection is strengthened, infection can be effectively avoided, butDisinfection should also be moderate。After all, disinfectants contain a certain irritationIt is recommended to wear masks, gloves, and wipe off the residual disinfectant with water, and more importantly, use it according to the instructions
Conclusion
As the season of high incidence of respiratory infections is in the near future, good protection, daily cleaning, and preventive disinfection can effectively reduce the risk of infection.
References: 1] During the period of high incidence of respiratory diseases, the protection and health monitoring of the elderly at home should be done
2] How to carry out daily preventive disinfection in the season of high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases.