When it comes to Xu Danlu (1917-2006), few people know the name of this red **. There is no entry for him even on the Internet, and there is no clear **!Xu Danlu once risked his life to send a secret radio station to help the Kuomintang Cheng Qian and Chen Mingren revolt, and also traveled to all directions for cross-strait peace talks, and did all the security work for the former Kuomintang deputy ** Li Zongren to return to China.
Xu Danlu (1917-2006).
Xu DanluHe is a revolutionary veteran who has fought on the hidden battlefield for a long time and has made great contributions to the country's security work. However, due to historical reasons, his decades of revolutionary work were buried, and even his name was not known. Today, let's put aside the dust of history and take a look at how legendary Xu Danlu's life is
In the autumn of 1942, Xu Danlu, who was engaged in underground work in Chengdu, returned to Chongqing and reported to the Southern Bureau of the Communist Party of China on the work of the Kuomintang army. Then, in accordance with the instructions of the party organization, he lurked in the "Business **" organized by the Chongqing Chamber of Commerce as a reporter
Subsequently, Xu Danlu and several members of the underground party of the Communist Party of China took over the management of the ** hall and transformed "Business**" into anti-** paper to expand our party's united front.
Wu Kejian. In the spring of 1946, Xu Danlu was ordered to Shanghai to be the head of the underground intelligence teamWu Kejian. , began his lifelong career in intelligence.
Xu Danlu was a native of Jiangbei County, Sichuan Province (now part of Yubei District, Chongqing City), and was born into a wealthy family in 1917. Xu Danlu is the third in line, and he has a brother who is the quartermaster of a major general of the Kuomintang Sichuan Army.
Xu Danlu was diligent and studious when he was young. In 1932, he was admitted to the East Sichuan Normal School (the predecessor of Southwest University), and then studied at Chongqing Mingcheng Middle School and Nankai Middle School.
In 1935, he received" 12·9"Inspired by the anti-Japanese and national salvation activities, he devoted himself to anti-Japanese and national salvation activities.
July 1936,Ding Xuesong(1918-2011, China's first female ambassador to a foreign country) introduced Xu Danlu to join the Chongqing Youth Salvation Association, and officially joined the Communist Party of China in April 1938.
In June 1948, before the three major campaigns were launched, the war strategy of the Chinese People's Liberation Army had shifted from strategic defense to strategic offensive, and the Kuomintang Chiang Kai-shek army began to fall apart.
Cheng Qian. Chiang Kai-shek appointedCheng Qian. He was the chairman of Hunan Province of the Kuomintang, and appointed Li Mo'an, who had nearly 100,000 troops, as his deputy. Cheng Qian also urgently transferred his student Chen Mingren of the Kuomintang First Corps to Hunan to serve as the commander of the Changsha garrison.
Chen Mingren: Lieutenant General of the Kuomintang, became the founding general after the uprising.
But at this time, the domestic situation suddenly changed, and Chiang Kai-shek was forced to make an announcement"Resign"**。Millions of Chinese People's Liberation Army gathered north of the Yangtze River.
Under this situation, Cheng Qian felt more and more that the situation of the Kuomintang was getting worse and worse, and the defeat was decided. Cheng Qian also began to seek a way out for himself.
After the party organization learned that the Kuomintang Cheng Qian was vacillating, the CCP immediately ordered the Wu Kejian intelligence system in Shanghai to take swift action to incite the Kuomintang Cheng Qian to revolt and set up a secret intelligence radio station.
April 10, 1949Wu Kejian. Issued an urgent task to the CCP's secret ** Xu Danlu: to transport a secret intelligence radio station.
Wu Kejian (right).
On April 12, Xu Danlu arrived in Hankou by plane and found Wu Huazhi, the head of the Wuhan intelligence station, but Wu Huazhi said that Liang Yisu, an intelligence officer who cooperated with the transport radio, had not arrived in time.
Xu Danlu suddenly thought that Zhou Zhu'an, the head of the Changsha Intelligence Station, needed to contact *** and urgently needed the radio at this time, so Xu Danlu decided to bring the radio to Changsha alone.
Through various connections, Xu Danlu got a set of Kuomintang military uniforms and an exemption certificate. So, Xu Danlu disguised himself as a high-ranking Kuomintang officer, and on the morning of April 15, he took the hidden radio station on the train to Changsha.
After arriving in Changsha, he successfully left the station through the Kuomintang exemption certificate he obtained, and then found a hotel in Changsha to hide.
Zhou Zhu'an: The CCP is secret**.
Xu Danlu went to find the location of the joint according to Wu Kejian's explanation - Changsha Jianye Bank, through the bank's staffZhou Zhu'anUnexpectedly, the bank staff saw Xu Danlu wearing a high-level Kuomintang military uniform, and was so frightened that Xu Danlu saw that he looked panicked, and quickly left the bank to avoid accidents.
When Xu Danlu returned to the hotel, he remembered what Wu Kejian had confessed many times:"All operations are based on security, and the handover of intelligence work is the most likely to be dangerous. If the joint fails, you will immediately return to Shanghai, and the organization will count you as having completed the task. ”
But to communicate with ***, a radio station is urgently needed, Xu Danlu thought to himself, this is a very important task, how can he return to Shanghai?
Radio station. In an emergency, Xu Danlu remembered the CCP secret ** Min Ganghou and his wife who disguised themselves as lawyers in Shanghai, and Min Ganghou and Wu Kejian had direct contact. Although Xu Danlu had been to Min Ganghou's house before, he could not remember the exact address.
Xu Danlu had an idea, and immediately went to the post office to send a secret telegram to Min Xianglin (Min Ganghou's brother), the general manager of Shanghai Baxianqiao Daxiang Fabric Store.
The content of the telegram was: You have to do this business with me alone, now it's good, the goods are not on the right road at all, and they can't be sold, what should I do?
Min Xianglin, the general manager of the cloth shop, realized that the matter might be related to his brother after receiving the telegram, and immediately forwarded the telegram to Min Ganghou.
Min Ganghou. Min Ganghou. After reading Xu Danlu's telegram, he immediately handed it over to Wu Kejian. Wu Kejian called Xu Danlu:"You can give this shipment to the person who went and try to **. "
Soon, Liang Yisu, an underground intelligence agent, arrived in Changsha and went to meet Xu Danlu at the hotel where he was hiding. Then, Xu Danlu handed over the radio to Liang Yisu. After completing the task of transporting the radio station, Xu Danlu kept going to Hong Kong and met with himPan Hannian。Pan Hannian introduced him to Zhao Hanlin (the newspaper operator).
At the beginning of May 1949, Xu Danlu and Zhao Hanlin arrived in Guangzhou by plane, and from Guangzhou to Changsha by plane. Zhang Pu, a translator, also came to Changsha from Shanghai. At this point, all the radio staff were in place. Xu Danlu breathed a sigh of relief.
After returning to Shanghai, Xu Danlu reported to Wu Kejian about his travels to Hunan and Hong Kong to transport radio stations. Wu Kejian praised:"You have successfully completed the Bcc mission for the station. It can really be described as a pass, and the journey is hard. Now the radio can come in handy!"
Qiao Guanhua (right).
During this period, Cheng Qian sent someone to find the director of the Hong Kong branch of the Xinhua News Agency of the Communist Party of ChinaQiao Guanhua, conveying his intention to lead his troops to revolt.
On June 2, 1949, **called** to Qiao Guanhua and said:"As for Cheng Qian, Li Mo'an, and Chen Mingren, the Kuomintang **, we should take the opportunity to turn them against them, and use their strength to play an important role in our party's opposition to Chiang. "
Cheng Qian revolted. According to the instructions of ***, the Shanghai Bureau of the Communist Party of China designated Wu Kejian's intelligence group to strengthen the work of the Kuomintang Cheng Qian's uprising.
After Zhou Zhuan revealed his identity to Cheng Qian, he told him that he had a secret radio station in the countryside and could contact the CCP. Since then, a channel has been established to secretly transmit information specifically for the Cheng Qian uprising.
On August 4, 1949, the Kuomintang Cheng Qian and Chen Mingren announced an uprising. Among them, the success of Cheng Qian's uprising is inseparable from Xu Danlu's incursion within the Kuomintang and the credit of risking his life to transport the radio station.
Cao Juren: A famous patriot.
In the mid-1950s, both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party struggled to find intermediaries who could communicate with each other, and chose patriots who ran newspapers in Hong KongCao Juren
Cao Juren, a native of Zhejiang, is a well-known journalist and writer in China. He has a wide range of contacts, and once said that as long as there are people with heads and faces on both sides of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, he knows them all.
Since 1956, Mr. Cao, then 56, has been regularly split between Beijing and Taiwan. Every time Cao Juren went to the mainland, ** and other leaders had secret conversations with him.
**Say:"You can rest assured that even if someone is sent to talk about the Kuomintang-Communist peace talks, as long as Taiwan returns to the motherland, other issues can be handled in accordance with Chiang Kai-shek's suggestion. "
**Say:"Taiwan can also be administered by Chiang Kai-shek. "
Cao Juren served as a liaison between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and after returning to Hong Kong, he would go to Taiwan and inform Chiang Kai-shek and his son of the discussions with the Chinese Communists.
Cao JurenDuring this period, Xu Danlu, as the person in charge of the integrated intelligence and united front, received and accompanied Cao Juren to visit Lushan, Xikou, Zhejiang (Chiang Kai-shek's hometown) and other places, and became a witness for the patriot Cao Juren to run for cooperation between the KMT and the Communist Party.
Xu Danlu once revealed many little-known inside stories in his memoir "Selected Memories of Xu Danlu".
Regarding the place of negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party on the Taiwan issue, the CCP ** intends to let Chiang Ching-kuo come to the mainland. Cao Juren put forward an idea: to hold KMT-CCP negotiations in Kinmen. He believed that it would be better for the CCP to send someone there, and if not, he would go to Kinmen himself to meet Chiang Ching-kuo.
Xu Danlu said: Cao Juren's remarks are well-founded. Cao Juren was very familiar with Chiang Ching-kuo as early as the southern Gan period. Cao Juren suggested to the CCP that after the peaceful reunification of the two sides, Chiang Kai-shek could use Lushan as a resting place. The CCP also agrees with this idea.
Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang Ching-kuo.
In July 1957, Cao Juren was commissioned by Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo to visit Lushan, Xikou and other places. The leaders of the Communist Party of China appointed Xu Danlu to accompany Cao Juren and his wife on their visit.
When I accompanied Mr. and Mrs. Cao Juren from Beijing to visit Lushan and Xikou, I recorded them in my diary and took a photo"Xu Danlu said,"The reason why Chiang Kai-shek entrusted Cao Juren to visit Xikou and Lushan was to prepare for Chiang Kai-shek's return, and he was willing to live in the former residence of Lushan. He also visited Chiang Kai-shek's hometown and Chiang's mother's cemetery in Xikou.
After Cao Juren returned to Hong Kong, he made a special report letter to Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo's father and son, and the ** taken during the visit was also sent. Some of them were shot with my camera because Cao Juren's camera didn't shoot well. "
It is said that Chiang Kai-shek was very moved after seeing Cao Juren's report and the former residence of Lushan and his hometown in Xikou provided by him.
In order to successfully realize the peace talks between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party on Taiwan, ** ordered the People's Liberation Army to shell Kinmen in the Taiwan Strait at 5 pm on August 23, 1958"Kinmen carried out the bombardmentFried"Shocked the world.
Bombardment of Kinmen. According to Xu Danlu's meeting, Cao Juren told Singapore's "Nanyang Siang Pao" the day before the bombardment of Kinmen**: This is the meaning of ***. But on another occasion, Mr. Cao was criticized for reporting without authorization.
On October 5, 1958, Cao Juren sent another message abroad:"Beijing is said to have agreed to a short-term partial ceasefire to avoid both sides, and the KMT and the CCP are considering direct talks. Within a week, the shelling was stopped to intercept the Kuomintang ships supplying Jinma. "
Since the shelling of Kinmen is very policy-oriented, Cao Juren did not fully understand the intentions of *** this time, so he released the news privately. Therefore, ** criticized Cao Juren said:"Don't handle such a serious incident in Taiwan with the freedom of a journalist. "
Eisenhower.
After the shelling of Kinmen began, Chiang Kai-shek asked the United States for urgent help, asking the United States for prompt help in defending Kinmen. Eisenhower. The main forces of the US Seventh Fleet were ordered to enter the Taiwan Strait.
When he personally met with Cao Juren, he analyzed that the United States was bluffing, and pointed out that Chiang Kai-shek's troops in Kinmen and Matsu still had a way to go, that is, the US forces forced Chiang Kai-shek's troops to retreat.
**Say:"This is a dishonorable retreat. Domestic problems should be resolved by themselves through negotiations between the KMT and the CCP, so why can't the KMT and the CCP have another open negotiation?"
**, and also met with Cao Juren, and asked him to return to Hong Kong to immediately collect overseas reactions to the CCP's shelling of Kinmen. At the same time, Xu Danlu was sent to Guangzhou to wait for Cao Juren's news in Guangzhou, and Xu Danlu could directly call *** to report the situation.
The CCP published the first ".Letter to Taiwan compatriotsAfter that, he asked Tong Xiaopeng to call Xu Danlu and ask Xu Danlu to collect the report from Hong Kong and send it to him within two days to prepare for the second "Compatriot Book".
Xu Danlu recalled: "It was a very difficult task. Under the circumstances, it would have taken at least ten days to travel from Guangzhou to Hong Kong. During this period, Cao Juren did not have any new news.
We couldn't get any information about Cao Juren in Guangzhou, so we were in a hurry, so we thought of another way, which was to collect all the newspapers in Hong Kong, both progressive and reactionary, and report to *** that the intelligence services had no information either, and could only get relevant materials from the news in the newspapers. The prime minister said, 'That's fine, the first flight to Beijing tomorrow'. * Satisfied with my work. ”
Cao Juren last returned to the mainland in 1965.
On July 20, 1965, Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo met with Cao Juren at Sun Moon Lake in Taiwan and drew up a draft negotiation on the peaceful reunification of China by the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Historical name"Six conditions"。
The first of the six conditions is:"Chiang Kai-shek remained chairman of the Kuomintang and would return to the mainland in his former position. He can settle in any province other than Zhejiang Province"。In September, ** met with Cao Juren in Guangzhou to further discuss the issue of peaceful reunification. Cao Juren conveyed to *** what Chiang Kai-shek had drafted"Six conditions"。
It is a pity that in the subsequent consultations on the issue of reunification, it began in 1965. Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek had doubts about the peaceful reunification of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and it was interrupted.
Cao Juren in his later years.
Cao Juren died in Macau on July 23, 1972, and his ashes were buried in the Nanjing Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery. **Inscribe the name of the tomb yourself"The tomb of the patriot Mr. Cao Juren"He praised his dedication to the great cause of the reunification of the motherland.
Regarding the experience of contact with Cao Juren, Xu Danlu recalled a very mixed feeling, he said:"In the past, for political reasons, I kept these experiences strictly confidential. I do not dare to say a word about Cao Juren's contribution to cross-strait peace talks. Now, if we can't tell this history to future generations, I am really sorry for Mr. Cao Juren's contribution to the country. "
In 1964, Xu Danlu served as the Chief Counsellor of the Chinese Embassy in Switzerland, assisting Ambassador Li Qingquan in his diplomatic work.
Li Zongren. On May 15, 1965, the Investigation Department of the Communist Party of China sent an urgent message to Ambassador Li Qingquan, saying that on June 12,Li Zongren. It will arrive in Zurich, Switzerland from New York, USA.
On May 25, the CCP sent Cheng Siyuan to Switzerland to meet with Li Zongren. He also hoped that Xu Danlu would meet Li Zongren and understand Li Zongren's plan and purpose for going to Switzerland this time. If he wishes to return to China, we welcome that.
Ambassador Li Qingquan.
On June 16, the Investigation Department of the Communist Party of China again asked forAmbassador Li Qingquan. and the embassy investigation team sent a telegram to inform Cheng Siyuan of the four opinions that Cheng Siyuan had reached with Li Zongren before:
1. Li Zongren can return to the United States after arriving in Switzerland;2. If Li Zongren returns to China, he can return to the United States;3. Li Zongren can continue to live in Europe;4, Li Zongren was determined to return to China. "
He also instructed Ambassador Li Qingquan to show him that after meeting Li Zongren, he should show him that the country cares for him, and if Li Zongren makes a request, he should not express his position first, but can first promise to respond to **.
Mr. and Mrs. Li Zongren.
On June 13, 1965, Li Zongren lied that he was with his wifeGuo Dejiewent to Switzerland for breast surgery, and in this way got rid of the tracking entanglement of the United States ** and the Kuomintang spies, and came to Zurich, Switzerland.
On June 19, Xu Danlu went to Zurich, Switzerland, and had a secret conversation with Li Zongren for more than three hours from 2 p.m. to 5:30 p.m.
In the evening of the same day, Xu Danlu reported to the Investigation Department the secret conversation with Li Zongren: "Although Li Zongren is 75 years old, he is full of energy and vigor, and he is excited about the achievements of the motherland. Li Zongren felt that he was old, there was little political revenge left, and the United States' attitude towards him at this time was even more likely, but he did not want to die silently, so he chose to return to the motherland.
Li Zongren demanded that a news conference be held to report on his return to China, and that he should return to China in a justifiable manner. Li Zongren wanted to take this opportunity to raise his worth and get back some political capital. Li Zongren's words and deeds are very clear, he does not beat around the bush, and he is very frank. ”
Cheng Siyuan (1908-2005).
Xu Danlu suggested to the Investigation Department that in order to prevent sudden accidents, Li Zongren should secretly return to China;etcCheng SiyuanAfter arriving in Zurich, Cheng Siyuan and Li Zongren can use their original passports to travel to Pakistan as soon as possible, and after Li Zongren and his entourage arrive in the capital of Pakistan, they will be received by the staff of the Chinese Embassy in Pakistan. They then left Pakistan with their new passports and flew to Guangzhou on a Pakistani flight.
The Investigation Department of the Communist Party of China quickly called back and agreed to the plan proposed by Xu Danlu.
On June 27, 1965, Xu Danlu went to Zurich againLi Zongren. and informed him of his plans to return home. He was also told that for security reasons, the operation should be kept secret, so it was not appropriate to hold a press conference abroad and discuss the details after returning home.
**Welcome Li Zongren back to China.
Xu Danlu said that after Cheng Siyuan arrived in Beijing from Hong Kong on June 18, he was first received by Xu Bing, minister of the Communist Party of China, and others, and then by the premier.
Xu Bing conveyed the content of ***'s speech:
Li Zongren is welcome to return to China, and he will be properly arranged in politics and life, so that he can live a happy and peaceful life. If you want to return to Europe after returning to China, let him come and go freely. Our common ground with Li Zongren is anti-imperialism, primarily anti-US imperialism. However, one thing must be made clear to Li Zongren: We should no longer have any illusions about the United States.
On July 13, 1965, Li Zongren and Cheng Siyuan took off from Zurich on a Swiss flight and arrived safely at Karachi Airport in Pakistan. This arrangement was meticulously arranged by Ding Guoyu, China's ambassador to Pakistan.
Ambassador Ding Guoyu.
On the morning of July 18, 1965, Li Zongren and his entourage were thereDing GuoyuAccompanied by the ambassador, he took a Pakistani flight back to Guangzhou. After a short break, they arrived at Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport at 11 a.m. and were warmly welcomed by the Prime Minister and other leaders.
However, Li Zongren hardly knew that *** had not slept all night over this matter.
Late that night, the premier learned that after receiving the news of Li Zongren's secret return to China, the Taiwan side arranged interceptors along the Burmese border, preparing to intercept and destroy Li Zongren's flight at all costs.
The Prime Minister sat beside him and waited anxiously. It wasn't until he received reports that Li Zongren's plane had safely sailed into Chinese territory that he went to sleep.
Subsequently, the news of Li Zongren's secret return to China shocked the world.
Luo Qingchang. At the end of 1965, Xu Danlu returned to China for treatment. On the night of his return, he was the head of the Investigation Department of the Communist Party of ChinaLuo Qingchang. went to visit him and told him that the prime minister had told him that the Swiss embassy had made good arrangements for Li Zongren's return to China, and praised the staff in charge of Li Zongren's return to China for doing a good job.
Xu Danlu later recalled and said excitedly"This is really a rare and valuable compliment from the prime minister on the eve of the catastrophe of the decade. I am proud to be a part of this work. "
However, Xu Danlu's pride can only be hidden in his heart. As a participant and witness to many important events, Xu Danlu is buried in the dust of history.
Ten years of catastrophe, Xu Danlu was framed and imprisoned in prison for 7 years, suffering severe physical and mental abuse. After being rehabilitated, he served as the director of the office of the Ministry of ***.
Xu Danlu (middle).
On December 6, 2006, Comrade Xu Danlu died in Beijing Xiyuan Hospital at the age of 89.
In the course of the revolution, countless brave and fearless soldiers galloped on the battlefield, and Xu Danlu was one of them. Their immortal deeds are forever inscribed on the monuments of the republic.
There is no time to be quiet, just because someone carries the weight for us.
I would like to use this article to commemorate Xu Danlu, who made great contributions to the Kuomintang Cheng Qian's uprising, cross-strait peace talks, and arranging for Li Zongren's secret return to China