Liu Yalou, the founding general of the People's Republic of China, is from Fujian. However, in the northeast, which is separated from Fujian by thousands of mountains and rivers, Liu Yalou's name has made the locals feel thunderous.
Liu Yalou was born in 1910 in Wuping, Fujian Province, to a peasant family.
When it comes to peasant families, many people may have a misconception: that is, farmers rely on farming for their livelihood.
In fact, in the old society, if you can have a few acres of land to cultivate, you can be regarded as more or less middle-class. Liu Yalou's background fully illustrates what it means to be extremely poor.
Anyone who knows a little about economics must know that this land is a non-renewable resource.
From the middle of the Qing Dynasty onwards, there was a situation of land annexation in China. After its establishment, the warlords were busy fighting, and as for the issue of land annexation, all generations did not have the energy and strength to manage it, which led to a large influx of landless and displaced people into the city in China.
Liu Yalou's family had no land before 1910 (when it was still the reign of Emperor Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty). The family's life is mainly dependent on Liu Yalou's father to go up the mountain to chop firewood to barely survive.
The birth of Liu Yalou should be a happy event in the family. However, Liu Yalou's father couldn't be happier.
Because Liu Yalou's mother died the day after he was born - after all, in old China, due to the backward level of medical care, mothers gave birth to children, in fact, they risked their lives.
Considering his own economic conditions, Liu Yalou's biological father knew that he would not be able to take Liu Yalou with him. So in desperation, Liu Yalou was passed on to a friend of his.
Coincidentally, this friend is also surnamed Liu.
When Liu Yalou was young, there was a characteristic discovered by his adoptive father: that is, Liu Yalou was particularly witty and intelligent, with a fast brain and strong comprehension ability. This was a particular surprise to the adoptive father.
The adoptive father felt that this child must be very promising when he grew up. So, the adoptive father did not choose to let his biological child go to school, but did his best for Liu Yalou to study.
In fact, in all fairness, it is unfortunate that Liu Yalou was born and lost his mother, but it is a blessing in misfortune to meet such an adoptive father. Because even at the moment, it is enough to make one's children choose to provide for their children to study instead of studying, and they can become a national moral model.
In the old society, many people adopted sons, not because of a lack of sons, but because of a lack of cheap labor. Therefore, Liu Yalou was lucky to meet such a kind adoptive father.
In fact, whether it is from the development of history or from the perspective of personal achievements, there will always be such a scene in this world: that is, the wind and clouds. The so-called stormy meeting, we can understand that Cheng Haojie encounters the right opportunity and finally gives full play to his talents.
Liu Yalou is indeed very smart, but if he can't get in touch with progressive ideas, he may be buried, and there will be no later development. Fortunately, Liu Yalou still succeeded in getting in touch with progressive ideas, participated in various progressive organizations early, and officially joined our party in 1929.
Liu Yalou's real name is actually Liu Zhendong. Because after intervening in our party, it was officially renamed Liu Yalou, which means that we must strive for revolutionary work and strive to reach a higher level. In the same year that Liu Yalou joined our party, he also participated in the western Fujian guerrillas.
At that time, the Red Army already had two units, the Red Fourth Army and the Red Fifth Army, and in the rest of the regions, various red guerrilla units were formed one after another. Although these guerrillas did not have the combat strength to capture county towns and cities, to a certain extent, they also depleted the enemy's strength and contained the enemy's strength.
Moreover, in the course of their work, the guerrillas also played a role in propagandizing our Party. For the battle of the Red Fourth Army and the Red Fifth Army, a lot of pressure was relieved.
At the end of the same year, the superiors considered that Liu Yalou was indeed talented, so they transferred him to the ranks of the Red Fourth Army and let him receive more professional military studies. This also fully shows that the superiors are ready to train Liu Yalou.
In 1930, the Red 12th Army was formed. At its peak, there were about 3,000 people in this Red Army, and its main area of activity was in western Fujian. Liu Yalou is a native of Fujian. Therefore, after the establishment of the Red 12th Army, Liu Yalou was arranged to serve as a company commander in the Red 12th Army, and was promoted to battalion commander shortly thereafter.
In the following years, because Liu Yalou participated in many famous battles - such as the liberation of Changsha by the Red Army. In these battles, Liu Yalou has made meritorious contributions, so he has been able to continue to be promoted. By 1931, Liu Yalou had served as the political commissar of the regiment.
However, when Liu Yalou was the political commissar of the regiment, because of the cruelty of the struggle, Liu Yalou almost became a martyr.
The background at that time was the period of the third anti-encirclement struggle.
Chiang Kai-shek dispatched 300,000 troops to besiege the **Soviet area, and Liu Yalou was the political commissar of the 35th Regiment at that time, responsible for leading the soldiers to fight the enemy. In fact, the victory of the Red Army has not come easily every time, and it is typical to say that Liu Yalou led his troops to resist the ** attack this time.
At that time, the firepower was strong, and Liu Yalou's troops barely maintained ammunition, and even halfway through the battle, the Red Army position ran out of ammunition for a while. So Liu Yalou led his soldiers to take advantage of the high ground and threw stones from high places to kill and injure the enemy while the enemy was climbing the mountain to attack.
When this means could not intercept the enemy, Liu Yalou led the soldiers to fight the enemy with wooden sticks. After fighting like this for two days and two nights, Liu Yalou was already seriously injured.
When the soldiers carried him down from the position, they found that he was out of breath at this time, so the soldiers concluded that Liu Yalou was most likely sacrificed, and prepared to bury Liu Yalou.
Zhang Chinan, the political commissar of the 12th Division, heard that Liu Yalou had died, and even came to handle the aftermath for Liu Yalou - of course, the so-called aftermath at that time was actually to tidy up his clothes and let him be buried with dignity.
As a result, when he was sorting out his clothes, Zhang Chinan found that Liu Yalou still had vital features!So, Zhang Chinan hurriedly called the military doctor to rescue Liu Yalou, and in this way, Liu Yalou picked up a life.
In 1939, Liu Yalou was sent to study at the Frunze Military Academy.
Others don't know the inside story, they only know that when Liu Yalou arrives in the Soviet Union, he can stay away from the anti-Japanese battlefield and be happy. In fact, going to study at the Frunze Military Academy was precisely the hardest battle.
This is because at this time, although our army has 12 years of combat experience, the officers of our army have very little knowledge of advanced military theories and military skills.
Let's take a simple example: if the Eighth Route Army is given a tank unit, how should the Eighth Route Army command and apply?
Although this kind of problem was not encountered by the Eighth Route Army at that time, the leaders were all far-sighted, because sooner or later in the future, the people's army will also need to have its own mechanized troops. When the time comes, how can it be done without dedicated talent to manage and operate?
The organization's dispatch of Liu Yalou to study just shows the organization's trust in Liu Yalou's ability, and believes that Liu Yalou will not live up to the organization's expectations and will definitely return after completing his studies.
However, this task really made Liu Yalou feel embarrassed: because the military school spoke Russian, he didn't even study in college, let alone know Russian
But not knowing Russian means wasting your time at schoolThis is absolutely unacceptable to Liu Yalou. So, Liu Yalou began to study Russian by surprise, and finally, relying on his talent and perseverance, he finally mastered Russian and understood the content and curriculum taught by the school teacher.
In 1942, Liu Yalou was arranged to intern in the Soviet Army. Soon after, Liu Yalou was arranged to participate in the Soviet-German War, and the impact of this war on Liu Yalou was also very huge.
Although Liu Yalou has participated in the Red Army since 1929, he has more than ten years of combat experience at this time. However, after the Soviet-German war, Liu Yalou's understanding of the war really reached a higher level: because of the Soviet-German war, it was the war in the 40s of the 20th century in the real sense.
At that time, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany were both heavy industrial countries, and both had the most advanced ** - such as missiles, which were first developed by Nazi Germany;And the tank cluster of the Soviet Union has attracted the attention of countries around the world.
At that time, the Japanese always thought that they were the best among the great powers, took the initiative to provoke the Soviet Union, and also fought a tank battle with the Soviet Union.
After witnessing this contest between the Soviet Union and Japan, Soviet military experts also came to the conclusion that the Japanese command concept was still stuck during the Russo-Japanese War, and there was no progress at all.
From these comparisons, we can analyze Liu Yalou's state of mind at that time: compared with the battle between the Soviet Union and Germany, his previous battles were actually at a low-level level. To put it mildly: the scale of the previous battles, compared with the scale of the Soviet-German war, can almost be described as "playing house".
Therefore, during the Soviet-German war, Liu Yalou actively served in the Soviet army - on the one hand, he hoped that the Soviet Union could defeat Germany as soon as possible;On the other hand, Liu Yalou also needs to understand and experience the most advanced war situation to the greatest extent.
Liu Yalou's performance was very good, so he was awarded the rank of major in the Soviet Army, and at the same time, his superiors in the Soviet Army also persuaded Liu Yalou to stay in the Soviet Union and join the Soviet Union.
However, Liu Yalou has not forgotten his original intention: The organization sends himself to study, which is the organization's trust in himself, and learning the most advanced military theories and skills is a task assigned to him by the organization, and he must not live up to the organization's trust.
Therefore, Liu Yalou resolutely rejected the goodwill of the Soviet Union.
In August 1945, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan. Liu Yalou followed the Soviet Red Army to attack the Japanese army in Northeast China - the moment he stepped on the land of Northeast China meant that Liu Yalou returned to his motherland after many years of absence.
However, Liu Yalou probably didn't expect that he would become famous in the Northeast.
After the Soviet Red Army defeated the Japanese army, the defense of many cities in Northeast China was transferred to the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation, and the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation at this time was also renamed the Northeast National Alliance. Organizationally, in 1946, Liu Yalou was appointed as the chief of staff of the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army, and Liu Yalou began to be responsible for the military affairs of the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army.
Soon after, the War of Liberation broke out. Liu Yalou served as the chief of staff under the supreme leader of the Northeast Field Army, and he was also his old chief during the Long March.
Two years before the War of Liberation, the warring parties fought for the Northeast. Moreover, both sides know that the Northeast is the key to the success or failure of both sides.
Because for us, Mongolia is on the west side of the northeast, North Korea on the east, and the Soviet Union on the north, and all three are our friends, and the geopolitical situation is very favorable to us.
Moreover, the Northeast is rich in natural resources, as long as there is a base in the Northeast, at least it can develop the economy, and carry out ** with the neighbors of the three sides, and purchase ** to deal with the enemy for a long time.
The most important thing is that when Japan was defeated, it left a lot of family funds in the Northeast, which could be used for independent production and reduce the cost of the war.
The enemy also realized this, and they resolutely did not want our side to gain a foothold in the northeast, so the battle between the two sides continued for a long time in the northeast.
Because of Liu Yalou's experience in the Soviet-German war, his strategic height was much higher than that of the ordinary generals of the two camps at that time. Therefore, with his assistance, although the Northeast Field Army's equipment and supplies are inferior to those of the opponent, it can always make the best decisions in terms of strategic vision.
These decisions greatly influenced the development of the war - especially in the Liaoshen Campaign, many of Chiang Kai-shek's elite were reimbursed in the northeast, including armored forces. And among them, Liu Yalou is naturally indispensable.
Later, in the process of liberating Tianjin, ** appointed Liu Yalou as the commander-in-chief. Liu Yalou once again lived up to expectations, liberating Tianjin in only 29 hours, laying a good foundation for the peaceful liberation of Beiping.
Shortly after the Battle of Pingjin, Liu Yalou was appointed commander of the 14th Corps. But just as he was recuperating and preparing to go south, * found him and told him that it had been decided to make him commander of the air force and be responsible for the formation of the air force.
Liu Yalou's transfer, his old boss ** was very reluctant, after all, Liu Yalou's ability in the Pingjin Campaign and the Liaoshen Campaign was obvious to all. So he took the initiative to send a telegram to ***: "We suggest that Yalou still come to the front to command the battle, if Yalou stays and does not come, then our front-line command will be very difficult." ”
Of course, for this transfer, in fact, Liu Yalou himself is also a little confused.
After all, this is an unprecedented thing in Chinese history - * Although there is also an air force, it is all done by foreigners, and it cannot be counted. And our party wants to have an air force of its own. Therefore, you need to do it yourself.
Although Liu Yalou has seen the world in the Soviet Union, after all, he studied the army and is not in line with the air force. But since *** trusts himself, it must still be the same sentence: you can't let *** down. Therefore, Liu Yalou did not refuse this appointment, but took it over decisively.
After that, Liu Yalou began to establish an aviation school, and selected many outstanding officers from the army to learn the knowledge and skills of the air force. Under Liu Yalou's running around, my country's aviation school can be regarded as having an eyebrow.
In 1950, the Korean War broke out. Liu Yalou led the newly formed air force not long ago to the Korean battlefield to compete with the US military through actual combat. This war tested the success of Liu Yalou's work: that is, although the Air Force was established not long ago, the combat effectiveness of the officers and men was not to be said.
In 1955, Liu Yalou was awarded the rank of general, and since then Liu Yalou has also been committed to the construction of the Air Force, and continues to play a residual role for the motherland and the people.
In 1964, Liu Yalou, who was 54 years old at this time, was still working in the revolutionary post, and during a visit to Pakistan, he suddenly felt a little tired, and then he had diarrhea.
At first, Liu Yalou didn't take it to heart, so he didn't take long to take the sick team to Guangdong to study the tactics of high-altitude unmanned reconnaissance planes. In this way, after a few months, his body was dragged down and he had to be admitted to the hospital.
Liu Yalou's illness also affects the heart of *** at all times, when he saw Liu Yalou who was already lying on the hospital bed still worried about work, ** was very worried, and hurriedly warned him: "If you are sick, you must rest at ease, don't be in a hurry, you must wait until you are sick and then work, and take this as a task to carry out." ”
But perhaps it was because the illness had dragged on for too long;Or maybe I've been worried about work and can't calm down and accept **. The doctors tried everything they could, but Liu Yalou's condition did not improve. Not only did his face become more and more haggard, but sometimes he didn't even have the strength to speak.
On May 3, 1965, Liu Yalou's life was in danger.
At this time, not only did he begin to have blood in his stool, but even his consciousness became blurred, but lying on the hospital bed, he always said two important things intermittently, namely: "*important, 101 (**code name during the Northeast Liberation War) is important." ”
Yes, these two people are indeed too important to Liu Yalou's life. It is his belief and the inexhaustible motivation for him to engage in the revolutionary causeAnd ** is his own Bole, his old boss and good brother. To a certain extent, these two people have encompassed Liu Yalou's life, which may be the main reason why he has been "chattering" about these before he died!
On May 7, 1965, Liu Yalou died at the age of 55 in East China Hospital in Shanghai. A few days later, Mr. Liu's urn, covered with the flag of the Chinese Communist Party, was moved from Shanghai to Zhongshan Hall in Beijing's Zhongshan Park, where the country's leaders held funerals.
At that time, in order to commemorate the death of Liu Yalou, our party also held a grand public memorial meeting here, and the hearse was personally escorted by *** and **. On the way, the soldiers on both sides of the road have to stand up and salute, the scene is extremely solemn, in terms of publicity, this is no less than a state funeral. This may also be the country's best gratitude to the hero who once "did his best and died"!
At the end of the day, it's hard not to think about the question of why some people can make great achievements while others live their lives in mediocrity
Some people think that the times create heroes, because in the peaceful years, many people want to work hard but have no chance, but heroes and leaders among the common people are not everywhere.
There are also people who believe that talent determines everything, and this sentence does make sense. Because people with good talent do work more efficiently than many people. However, Zeng Shen, the most successful student under Confucius, was precisely a stupid person. But this stupid man really mastered the doctrine of Confucius.
In fact, successful people need to have such a quality: that is, to know the difficulties. For example, Liu Yalou's life illustrates such a truth.
During the years of the Soviet military academy, as a Chinese who had never studied Russian, let alone had no foundation in Russian, it was almost impossible for ordinary people to master Russian with zero foundation, and master the theories and skills they needed to understand under the condition of teaching in Russian.
However, Liu Yalou did not flinch, nor did he consider the success rate, but chose to face the difficulties;In the end, Liu Yalou overcame the difficulties and mastered the most advanced military theory.
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, when the Air Force had zero foundation, Liu Yalou was assigned to be responsible for the construction of the Air Force. Liu Yalou was faced with another task that seemed almost impossible to complete. However, Liu Yalou still chose to face the difficulties, and in the end, the air force was built.
In fact, I believe that the organization assigned Liu Yalou to engage in these tasks at the beginning, and it also saw Liu Yalou's spirit of facing difficulties. And this spirit finally made Liu Yalou successful.
Having people like Liu Yalou is a great blessing for the revolution and a great fortune for the motherland!