Huasheng**, December 16 (Correspondent Luo Chonghui, Li Xiangqian) On December 15, Li Xiangqian's Famous Teacher Studio organized six members of Ma Shuncun, Qin Jinan, Zeng Shaowei, Hou Xiaoli, Zhou Huadie, and Luo Chonghui to go to the National Museum and the China Science and Technology Museum to carry out an in-depth experiential field research around the scientific research topic "Research on the Creative Transformation and Innovative Development of Chinese Traditional Science and Technology Culture in Education".
During the event, six famous teachers and principals visited the two exhibition halls of "Ancient China" and "The Power of Science and Technology" of the National Museum and the China Science and Technology Museum, taking China's 5,000-year history and technology development as the main line and science and technology development as the core, and in-depth research on China's rich historical and cultural heritage and highly developed ancient scientific and technological civilization.
Research the National Museum. ）
Investigate the China Science and Technology Museum. ）
It is understood that the exhibition content of the National Museum covers history, culture, science and technology, art and other fields, among which ancient cultural relics and artworks are the mainstay. The exhibition content of the China Science and Technology Museum is based on the theme of science and technology, including natural science, engineering technology, information technology, AI and other aspects. This time, the research team used the field investigation method, mainly to investigate the traditional technology and the physical principles behind the National Museum and the China Science and Technology Museum, and at the same time had a brief exchange with the staff of the museum and the science and technology museum to understand the distribution of each exhibition hall, the research sequence and time allocation.
Among them, Ma Shuncun and Hou Xiaoli focused on the investigation of gunpowder and ancient rockets. Gunpowder is one of the four major inventions of China, and China's rocket technology in ancient China is also the world's leading. The earliest "gunpowder arrows" appeared in the Song Dynasty and were the world's earliest jet firearms. This type of rocket uses gunpowder as fuel, and the combustion of the rocket produces a backward ejected gas, which uses the reaction force to shoot the arrow. This technique has had a profound impact on the development of modern rockets.
The fire dragon comes out of the water. ）
Bronze firecracker. Qin Jinan and Zhou Huadie focused on the investigation of compasses and compasses. The compass, also known as "Sinan" in ancient times, is a magnetic device that uses the earth's magnetic field to indicate direction. Shen Kuo of the Southern Song Dynasty recorded in "Mengxi Writings" that there are hanging needle method, nail method, bowl lip method, water float method and other compass making. The guide car is a device used to indicate the direction in ancient China, a simple mechanical device that uses gear transmission to indicate the direction, and its principle is: rely on manpower to drive the two-wheeled guide car to walk, so as to drive the wooden gear in the car to rotate, to transmit the difference between the two wheels when steering, and then drive the wooden man on the car to point to the opposite angle of the direction of the car and the direction of the car, so that the wooden man on the car indicates the direction. No matter where the car turns, the hand of the wooden man always points to the direction indicated by the wooden man when the guide car departs, so there is a saying that "although the car is transported, the hand is always the guide".
Compass blueprint. ）
Guide car. Zeng Shaowei and Luo Chonghui focused on smelting technology. The smelting drainage bellows is a hydraulic blast device, also known as water drain, which was invented by Nanyang Taishou Du Shi of the Eastern Han Dynasty and was the first in the history of China and the world to use blast technology for smelting. This kind of bellows is powered by flowing water, and through mechanical reciprocating rotation, it drives the exhaust air blast. It is the placement of a plurality of rows in an iron-smelting furnace, which are arranged in a row, so it is also called a row or water row. When the water flows through the water wheel, the water wheel rotates, and through the mechanical structure such as the crank connecting rod, the circular motion is converted into a linear reciprocating motion, thereby driving the exhaust air blast of the wheel. The invention of the hydraulic blast mode has greatly saved manpower and animal power, and the blast capacity is strong, which can improve the smelting strength and furnace volume, and has played an important role in the development of China's ancient iron smelting industry. At the same time, it was also a very advanced mechanical device for its time.
Eastern Han Dynasty vertical molten iron smelting exhaust box. ）
Song Dynasty horizontal molten iron smelting exhaust box. ）
Through this investigation, we learned about the 5,000-year history of China's scientific and technological development, experienced the charm and power of science and technology, and felt the wisdom of our ancestors and the development of ancient China. After the investigation, the relevant person in charge of the research team said that as basic educators, they must keep in mind the mission and responsibility, and implement the inheritance and innovation of traditional science and technology culture in education and teaching.