As an important part of the national education system, special education is a key part of running an education that satisfies the people, and is a necessary indicator of a strong modern socialist country. Chinese modernization requires basic and strategic support from education, science and technology, and talents. In the process of Chinese-style modernization, it is necessary to implement the fundamental task of establishing morality and cultivating people, and give play to the important role of education in cultivating and practicing the core values of socialism. The key to strengthening the country through education and improving the quality of education lies in teachers. Publicly-funded normal students are an important part of basic education teachers, and they are also an important new force to strengthen the inclusive development of special education. High-quality training of publicly-funded normal students in special education can help the development of rural education and promote the balanced development of education.
Publicly-funded normal students in special education should be trained to become good teachers of the "four haves".
The publicly-funded normal student policy aims to improve the overall quality of teachers, optimize the allocation of teacher resources, and serve rural basic education. Publicly-funded normal students should be trained to become "four haves" teachers, that is, good teachers with ideals and beliefs, moral sentiments, solid knowledge, and benevolent hearts. The training goal of publicly-funded normal students emphasizes that teachers should have a benevolent heart, forming a strong atmosphere of respecting teachers and valuing education. Due to the particularity of the education object, special education publicly-funded normal students have higher requirements in terms of teacher ethics, which requires them to love education, care for students, be responsible, patient, careful and persevering, infect students with personality charm, educate students with academic charm, and guide students to grow up healthily. Publicly-funded normal students bear two important responsibilities, one is to promote the formation of an atmosphere of respecting teachers and valuing education in the whole society through them, and the other is to become education experts and assume responsibility. Publicly-funded normal students are the pioneers of rural education, and should have educational feelings, love the countryside, love children and love education, and become role models for teachers.
Curriculum integration empowers the training and reform path of special education publicly-funded normal students.
The training of publicly-funded normal students reflects the will of the state, and it is necessary to coordinate the resources of all parties, explore multiple training mechanisms, strengthen the management of publicly-funded normal students, and improve the quality of publicly-funded normal students, so as to truly cultivate high-quality teachers.
Focus on rural courses and practical courses, and strengthen professional identity. The formation of the professional identity of teachers of publicly-funded normal students is based on the correct guidance and strong support of colleges and universities. There is a significant positive correlation between school organizational culture and young teachers' willingness to stay on the job, and it is urgent to create a cultural space for rural school organizations to maintain a sense of place. On the one hand, according to the results of the survey of the schools where the students of the publicly-funded normal students are from, in terms of curriculum setting, curriculum modules such as "rural teachers, rural education, rural schools, rural children and rural society" are added to enhance the cognition and feelings of publicly-funded normal students on rural education, rural schools, rural children and rural society. Strengthen micro-grid teaching, and publicly-funded normal students reflect on themselves through the teaching process, and reflective practice is an effective way for them to acquire practical knowledge. On the other hand, the schools of origin of publicly-funded normal students are selected as the practice bases, and the interns are sent to carry out rural education and teaching activities. The adoption of the dual tutor system in the process of student internship is conducive to the interns to understand the current situation of rural education, absorb the advantages of rural education, and improve the shortcomings of rural education. The internship time will be adjusted to one semester, and the application time of practical knowledge of publicly-funded normal students will be increased, and the practical knowledge will be fully used and tested. In addition, through the practice of innovation and entrepreneurship and the social practice of "going to the countryside" in the summer, the familiarity and understanding of the educational environment and educational resources of the place of origin of the students can be strengthened, the application of practical knowledge can be increased, and the independent development ability of the public-funded normal students can be improved, so as to educate people in practice.
Build a platform for skills courses and teaching and research practice to strengthen teachers' ethics and teaching style. Teacher ethics is contained in the professional ability of teachers, embodied in the process of education and teaching, and presented in the practical wisdom of teachers. Teacher ethics should not only be comprehensively measured from the aspects of ideology, morality and cultural literacy, but also form a synergy with professional knowledge and skills, so that teacher ethics can become a powerful driving force for teachers' high-quality development. Build a skill platform of "five modules and ten competitions". To strengthen teachers' morality, it is necessary to enhance the sense of mission of special education publicly-funded normal students to have a deep understanding of education and teaching ability. Learning is a process of active construction, and professional skills are an important condition for engaging in education and teaching, so it is necessary to strengthen the training of education and teaching ability. The training requirements for normal students are "four abilities and four skills", that is, they can speak, sing, dance, write, paint, and teach. Institutions that train publicly-funded normal students in special education should build a platform for a series of teacher skills competitions to encourage students to participate and improve their professional skills in teaching. Therefore, it is necessary to start from the five modules of teaching skills, practical skills, language skills, artistic skills and teacher image, and carry out three strokes, speech, lesson plan design, lecture, micro-lesson production, bilingual teaching, handicraft, hand-copied newspaper design, teacher image design and talent competition. These skills trainings are both group and individual projects, which can improve individual skills and help to enhance a sense of belonging to the community;It not only exercises the hands-on ability, language expression ability and stage performance ability, but also enhances the employment competitiveness. Substitute training by competition to consolidate students' teaching and research ability. The society needs to cultivate normal students who are "able to study", research is a process of continuous exploration, and teaching and research ability is the driving factor for teachers' self-improvement. If the publicly-funded normal students lack the ability to study and solve problems, it will lead to the failure of educational practice to carry out smoothly. Therefore, publicly-funded normal students should be actively encouraged to actively participate in or carry out teaching, research and scientific research, so as to strengthen their relevant educational and research capabilities. The first is to encourage publicly-funded normal students to participate in teachers' scientific research projectsThe second is to guide students to participate in related competitions, such as the "Challenge Cup" National College Students' Extracurricular Academic Science and Technology Works Competition, the "Internet +" University Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition and other projects. Substitute training through competitions to improve their own educational practice ability, and also lay a solid foundation for students' future career development.
Precise course ideological and political education and leading role, clear professional self. The sense of identity is the recognition of one's own role, clear professional self-understanding, and improve learning motivation. The sense of belonging is the recognition of the relationship between the self and the group, which stimulates the interest in self-management, obtains a sense of collective honor, and also enhances the professional knowledge and professional skills of individuals. Educational belief is a sense of responsibility and identity, which helps to stimulate the learning motivation of publicly-funded normal students. On the one hand, colleges and universities that train publicly-funded normal students in special education offer career planning courses, which can be divided into short-term planning and long-term planning, first of all, they should plan how to complete the four-year study career of publicly-funded normal students, secondly, how to complete the six-year service career with high quality, and finally plan the life planning after completing the service period. On the other hand, it strengthens ties with the education departments or schools targeted by publicly-funded normal students, establishes a "dual tutor system", clarifies the core qualities of teachers required by them, and adds rural courses to the talent training program. Promote publicly-funded normal students to master advanced educational concepts, education methods and the spirit of educational reform, transform theoretical knowledge and practical knowledge into knowledge that adapts to the actual situation of rural education, and serve and educate people. Special education publicly-funded normal students constantly update themselves, become their own masters, integrate their personal self-identity into the study of special education publicly-funded normal students, and clarify their professional self.
Authors: Lu Zuqin, Ph.D., Lecturer, School of Education Science, Lingnan Normal University.
Project: 2023 Guangdong Provincial Education Science Planning Leading Group Office Guangdong Provincial Education Science Planning Project "Research on the High-quality Training Path of Special Education Publicly-funded Normal Students in the Context of New Normal" (Project Approval No.: 2023GXJK383).
*: Bright.com.