Urticaria, commonly known as "rubella", is a common **mucosal allergic disease. When the vascular permeability of the mucosa increases, local edema appears, that is, wheals are formed. Acute urticaria usually lasts no more than 6 weeks, but it may occur for more than 6 weeks, at least twice a week, resulting in chronic urticaria.
The causes of acute urticaria are varied, and many patients may not find a clear cause. Common causes include: food factors (such as animal protein, plants, food additives, etc.), infectious factors (such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, etc.), drug factors (such as antibiotics, serum preparations, vaccines, etc.), respiratory inhalation (such as pollen, animal dander, hair, dust mites, etc.), physical factors (such as cold, heat, sunlight, friction, pressure, etc.), as well as mental factors, endocrine factors, genetic factors, etc.
The typical symptom of acute urticaria is the sudden onset of **itching, which soon appears in the itching area of red wheals of different sizes, which can be round, oval, and irregularly shaped. These wheals can have an uneven surface and an orange peel-like appearance. Within minutes to hours, the edema will lessen and the wheals will turn erythematous and fade away without leaving a trace. Lesions usually last no more than 24 hours, but new wheals can occur over and over again.
In addition to the manifestations, acute urticaria may also affect the respiratory and circulatory systems. If the disease affects the larynx or bronchi, patients may experience symptoms such as chest tightness, laryngeal infarction, dyspnea, and even asphyxia. In severe cases, anaphylactic shock symptoms such as palpitation, irritability, and even a decrease in blood pressure may occur. If the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract are affected, patients may present with symptoms such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhoea. In addition, urticaria caused by infection may be accompanied by systemic toxicity symptoms such as chills, high fever, and pulse rate.
The care of acute urticaria requires attention to the following aspects:
1.* Care
Keep the affected area** clean and avoid scratching the rash to avoid breakage and infection. The affected area can be washed with clean water, but do not use harsh chemicals such as alcohol, sodium hydroxide, etc.
2.Dietary care
In terms of diet, it should be kept light and avoid overly stimulating foods such as chili peppers, alcohol, coffee, etc. At the same time, when urticaria occurs, the body is in a sensitive period, so avoid eating high-protein and allergenic foods.
3.Routine care
In daily life, it is necessary to maintain a regular schedule of work and rest, not to stay up late, to avoid day and night reversal, to avoid being too nervous and anxious, and to try to keep the mood in a stable state. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to rest and reduce physical activity to avoid excessive physical fatigue, which can lead to the aggravation of the disease.
4.Avoid irritating substances
Patients with acute urticaria should avoid contact and exposure to irritating substances, including chemicals, fragrances, dust, pollen, animal hair, etc.
5.Take your medications on time
Patients need to take their doctor's prescribed medications on time, including oral antihistamines and topical medications. Do not change the dosage of the drug or discontinue it at will, so as not to affect the effect.
6.Observe changes in your condition
Closely observe the changes in the condition, and seek medical attention in time if you find that the wheal persists, dyspnea, laryngeal edema and other symptoms worsen or other discomfort occurs.
In short, the care of acute urticaria needs to pay attention to keeping the first clean and dry, dietary conditioning, regular work and rest, avoiding irritating substances, taking medication on time and observing changes in the condition. Patients should be guided by a doctor for ** and care to facilitate the ** of the condition.
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Important reminder: This article is for reference only for the purpose of popular science, and is not used as a basis for diagnosis and treatment
*: Liang Furong, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College].
Edit: xc Statement: **Network, invasion and deletion].