Zhanshutang, whose name is Xiuwen, was born in 1899 in a poor peasant family in Zhanzhuang Village, Xihua County. His father, Zhan Xueyi, was a Confucian in a village, set up a museum in a nearby village to train Meng, with a monthly salary of two buckets of wheat (80 city catties), plus an acre and a half of old cemetery income, far from enough to feed the whole family of seven, but in 1912, died in poverty;Soon Zhan's mother was also killed by the plague, and the family life fell into a more miserable situation. Later, Zhanshutang struggled for four years in hunger and cold, but still couldn't get out of the predicament, so when he couldn't survive, he made a heart, sent his six-year-old sister to Xue's wife in the city for adoption, entrusted his younger brothers and sisters to his uncle, and then joined the army to eat food and find another way to make a living.
In 1917, Feng Yuxiang served as the commander of the 12th Mixed Brigade of the Beiyang Army, garrisoning Pukou. "Prime Minister"Duan Qirui sent a telegram ordering Feng's troops to go to Hunan to fight against Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary army (also known as the Southern Army). Duan then allowed Feng to recruit another supplementary regiment. In July, Feng sent the head of the regiment, Li Zhongming, to Henan to recruit, and Li recruited 3,000 troops in Guide (Shangqiu) and Luohe.
After the Xinhai Revolution, China fell into a situation of warlord warfare, and although the Zhi, Anhui, and Feng factions fought each other and fought frequently, their revolutionary forces of hatred for Sun Yat-sen were all in common. In February 1918, Duan Qirui once again telegraphed Feng to go to Hunan to fight against the Southern Army, because Feng was a progressive soldier sympathetic to the revolutionary forces in the south, unwilling to act as Duan Qirui's eagle dog, as a victim of the civil war. Although Duan Qirui was very annoyed, he had no choice but to let him be the guard of Xiangxi Town.
Xiangxi has inconvenient transportation and a closed environment, so it seems peaceful in the wars over the years. Feng Yuxiang took advantage of this favorable condition to step up military training. At this time, Zhanshutang was only a deputy of the recruit company, and his regular military life began at this time.
Feng had 9,500 officers and soldiers at that time, and he was determined to train this team into a tough military force. Techniques include: instrumental exercises, choppels, bayonets, boxing, and obstacle jumping. Liberal arts set up: literacy classes, reading clubs, and Feng Yuxiang's self-compiled "Military Reader", "Spiritual Book", "A Little History of Volunteers", "Telling the Coming Chapter", etc., and set up two classes: writing and speaking. At this time, due to the hard training of the soldiers, the exhibition hall made rapid progress and learned more culture. has changed from illiteracy to coarse writing.
In March 192, Feng Yuxiang was forced to lead his troops to leave Hunan and go north because he was squeezed out by the Hunan warlords, and was later promoted to commander of the 11th Division of the Beiyang Army for his meritorious service in attacking the Shaanxi warlord Chen Shufan. Because of his bravery, Zhanshutang became a soldier ahead of schedule and was promoted to squad leader at the age of 21.
The growth of Feng's military power aroused the anxiety of the Beiyang warlords. In October 1922, Li Yuanhong (** ordered Feng Yuxiang to be transferred to Beijing as an army review envoy by means of a bright ascension and a secret surrender, so as to curb Feng's military power. Yet"Woe and blessing are attached", Feng was ordered to enter Nanyuan, Beijing. At this time, Feng already had two infantry brigades, one cavalry brigade, one artillery brigade and three melee brigades, with a total of 100,000 soldiers. He still conducted strict military training for his headquarters in accordance with the training methods of Xiangxi. In the arduous training of soldiers, there are often those who cannot bear it. However, Zhanshutang was not the case, and its firm will made it bitter but not bitter, and every time it was assessed, it was among the best, and it was soon promoted from platoon commander to company commander at the age of 23.
On October 24, 1924, Feng Yuxiang staged a coup d'état in Beijing, telegraphed Mr. Sun Yat-sen to go north to govern, Feng to form the National Army, and publicly elected Feng as the commander and commander-in-chief of the First Army of the Nationalist Army. Zhanshutang was incorporated into the 3rd Battalion of the 2nd Regiment of the 2nd Brigade of the 1st Division of the 1st Army and the commander of the battalion at the age of 25.
Since Feng Yuxiang accepted Dr. Sun Yat-sen's proposal to unite with Russia, unite with the Communist Party, and help the workers and peasants, on 27 October of that year, Li Dazhao introduced Feng Yuxiang to meet with the Soviet ambassador to China, Garahan, and agreed to hire a Soviet military advisory group to serve as instructors in various branches of the Nationalist Army. For the first time, Zhanshutang received military training from Soviet military instructors Ren Jiang, Alexander Lin, and Sergei, as well as political education from Fortunin, which had a profound impact on his thinking, and this was the fundamental reason why he did not fight the Communist Party in his military activities in the future and kept in constant contact with certain Communist Party members. At this time, Zhanshutang was sent to Baoding Military School to study, and graduated half a year later and returned to the original army.
In 1926, the northern warlords jointly launched an attack on the Nationalist Army in the name of seeking the red, at this time the Nationalist Army was only 200,000 people, under the guidance of the Soviet adviser Sergei, and fortified on the front line of Nankou to meet the enemy. More than 300 people in the retreat lost contact with the division commander Han Fuyu, so they had to temporarily return to Song Zheyuan, commander-in-chief of the Western Route Army. The soldiers retreated to stabilize their positions, and Feng Yuxiang held a swearing-in meeting here and decided"Aid to Gangu Shaanxi"At that time, Gansu was occupied by the direct line of Zhang Zhaoka, Kong Fanjin, Han Youlu, Huang Degui and other departments, especially Huang Degui was the most stubborn, more than 10,000 people in the Huang Department, with its well-equipped, familiar terrain, and cavalry easy to maneuver and other advantages, even Feng Hongkui could not help him for a while, when Song Zheyuan entered Gansu, the first encounter Huang Degui desperately resisted, and the Song Department was hit hard. Song ordered a regiment to attack the position, and Zhanshutang led the third battalion to attack. The regiment was afraid of the enemy, and as soon as it came into contact, it was defeated, and Song Zheyuan was very annoyed, so he withdrew the regiment commander on the spot and ordered the main attack of the battalion. Zhanshutang ordered the whole battalion of soldiers, according to the terrain, separate defenses, waiting for the enemy to rush to the front of the position, an order, Zhanshutang bare-chested and waved a knife into battle, all the soldiers also waved a knife hand-to-hand combat, only to see the cold light flashing, the knife rose and fell, Zhanshutang even split more than a dozen people, the enemy was frustrated, one after another, Song Fu ordered two regiments to intercept, and then completely annihilated Huang Degui's department, Song Zheyuan raised Zhanshutang in the line of fire as the head of the regiment, at the age of 27.
In 1927, when Ganshan was pacified, Han Fuyu was appointed commander of the 20th Division of the Nationalist Army, Zhan Shutang was promoted to commander of the 58th Brigade, and Xuan was promoted to commander of the 73rd Division. Later"Seniority is still young"Zhan Zhan still served as the commander of the 58th Brigade. Later, Zhan Shutang led his troops to fight in various parts of eastern Henan, and made many military exploits in defeating the Feng and Lu warlords. In the spring of 1928, when he was stationed in Wuyang for training, he returned to visit his hometown after a nine-year absence. At that time, the people in eastern Henan were in dire straits, floods and droughts were frequent, famine continued for many years, and bandits were raging, and the people were miserable. Liu Laosan (a native of Aigang) and Liu Heini, the remnants of the Feng army, colluded and caused great harm, and in addition, Shi Wancheng (a native of Shangshui Yanghe) came to the border from time to time to disturb the people, and the people in Xihua were struggling to make a living. When Zhanshutang first arrived in his hometown to face this scene, he did not dare to move lightly for a while because the situation was unknown. A few days later, someone spread the news that Zhanshutang accepted heavy bribes from bandits, let the bandits go, etc., Zhanshutang was so angry when he heard that he immediately transferred the artillery battalion, fired artillery in the west and north for ten minutes, bombarded Liu Laosan's bandits' nest, and then sent troops to drive away Shi Wancheng's bandits, chased them to Shangshui by victory, and completely eliminated them, and the social order in Xihua and Shangshui counties was stable, and the people praised them.
In September 192, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Han Fuyu as the chairman of Shandong Province, and his headquarters was organized into the Third Group Army, with Han concurrently serving as the commander-in-chief. Jurisdiction of the Third Army.
Ten. 2. The 55th Army and the 2nd and 2nd Army.
II, II. Nine, seven.
Nine, eight. The first and other five divisions, Zhanshutang served as the commander of the eighty-first division.
Han Fuyu was a cadre of Feng Yuxiang's ministry and one of the famous Thirteen Taibao. But this person is cunning and does not talk about credit, only strength and territory are maps. When the Battle of Nankou was lost, he turned against the water and threw himself into Yan. Wuyuan swore to the master, Feng Shi was greatly inspired, and he rebelled against Yan to Feng, and Jiang Gui was bribed by Jiang Chongjin in the war. During the war between Chiang, Yan and Feng, he openly telegraphed to rebel against Feng and defect to Chiang, changed the chairmanship of Shandong, and then became independent from Chiang, dismantling Chiang's platform, which was jealous of Chiang and led to Chiang's ambush line to kill Han. During his tenure as chairman of Lu Province, Han secretly colluded with the Japanese army to engage in joint actions against the Red Army, and repeatedly ordered Zhanshutang to encircle and suppress the revolutionary base areas in Jiaodong and the Culai Mountain area, and he wittily replied: I am a soldier, and although I only know that I do not understand politics, I know that I should fight Japan, and the Chinese should not fight the Chinese. For this reason, Han Fuyu was dissatisfied with Zhan. At that time, the exhibition department secretly provided equipment for a machine gun company in the Jiaodong Liberated Area, which greatly increased the armed forces of the Liberated Area.
On July 7, 1937, the Japanese invaders launched the Lugou Incident. The local garrison was 100,000 people of the 29th Song Zheyuan Division, and the Japanese invaders only had more than 6,000 people, and it was not difficult to annihilate the Japanese invaders in one fell swoop with this strong force, but because Chiang Kai-shek had always advocated compromise with Japan, he strictly ordered the garrison to retreat, delayed the fighters, and gave the enemy a chance to breathe. On 9 July, the Japanese Imperial Council decided to invade China, and the Japanese army assembled in Pingjin, increasing its troops to more than 60,000 troops, and the situation changed greatly, although the 29th Route Army fought hard for three weeks, it was difficult to recover the defeat, and Pingjin was lost one after another on July 30, and most of North China was also lost. The Japanese invaders became even more arrogant in their aggression against China, and they tried in vain to resolve China's problems by force within three months with the policy of a quick victory. Then he gathered 200,000 troops and marched along the three lines of Pingsui, Pinghan, and Jinpu. At that time, Feng Yuxiang, commander of the Sixth Theater of Operations, was in charge of the battle on the Jinpu Line. On 20 September, Feng Lingzhan's library department was deployed in Texas to meet the enemy. Dezhou is located at the junction of Hebei, Shandong, Henan and three provinces, and is an important town on the Tianjin-Pudong line, and its location is very important. Fifty miles north of the Sangyuan station is the Japanese army's military base, garrison 120 guards more than 100 cannons, more than 1,000 boxes of ammunition, in order to seize this batch of military supplies, Zhanshutang then selected 12 soldiers to form a road-breaking team, overnight demolition of Sangyuan station north railway 300 meters, cut off the enemy, at the same time the commander of the death squad of 200 people, all with three pieces (submachine guns, pistols, large blades) plus grenades, stormed the Sangyuan station to annihilate the enemy, captured all the artillery, ammunition, after the victory immediately retreated, stuck to Texas, ready for battle.
On 29 September, Feng Yuxiang summoned Zhanshutang to a village in the east of Dezhou City, and was accompanied by Lu Zhonglin, Song Zheyuan, Pang Bingxun, and other senior generals. Feng clenched Zhanshutang's hand tightly and shouted happily"Xiuwen!Mulberry Garden's battle is good!When the war slows down a bit, I will ask ** for credit for you, and the four of us will promote you as the commander. "Feng also called the chief of staff, dictated to Han Fuyu (Han was in Jinan), and quickly sent two divisions to aid Dezhou and instructed Zhan to strengthen the defense.
On the night of October 3, the 10th Division of the Japanese North China Garrison Army, with the cooperation of aircraft, tanks, and ironclad vehicles, attacked Dezhou, and the exhibition department resisted the city, and the city walls were destroyed.
Two. Ten. 2. The 47th and 27th divisions rushed to help, but secretly instructed Gu and Li:"You can only wait and see, not go to war. "When the exhibition department fought with the enemy to the point that it was difficult to support and urgently needed reinforcements, Gu Liangming and Li Hanzhang watched the battle at a distance of 20 miles from the city, causing heavy losses to the exhibition department. When Feng Yuxiang learned of this situation, he was angry and scolded:"Han Fuyu is really not a thing. "At this point, Feng has a deep hatred for Han.
On the afternoon of October 6, the exhibition department encountered the Japanese invaders in Lingxian County, and fought fiercely all night, killing more than 300 enemies. On the 7th, a company of the enemy was re-annihilated at Zhongzidian, and on 10 October, Zhan was ambushed by mistake at Sanguanmiao, losing 2,000 men. On December 21, the exhibition department crossed the Yellow River from Jiyang into Jinan, and on the 23rd, Han Fuyu abandoned the city and fled, and before the trip, the exhibition hall was led by the Jinan garrison commander to hold the city defense
Dezhou is about 350 miles away from Jinan, and it took 81 days from the loss of Dezhou to the fall of Jinan, so it is calculated that the enemy advances less than five miles a day.
On 29 December, Jinan fell, and Han Fuyu, as chairman of Shandong Province, commander of the Fifth Theater Fu, and commander-in-chief of the Third Army, did not fire a single shot or lose a single soldier, and fled to the safety of Luxi three days earlier.
After the fall of Jinan, Zhanshutang decided to transfer the camera to southwest Lu to annihilate the enemy. On February 4, 1938, the army arrived in Wenshang, found out the situation of the defending enemy, decided to make a surprise attack, and forced the city with the strength of five companies, and the battle progressed smoothly. Unexpectedly, the enemy suddenly encountered a division of the enemy passing through the place, surrounded by the enemy, and the soldiers of five companies were outnumbered by the enemy and fought all night until all of them died heroically, and only two survivors survived. Zhanshutang couldn't help beating his chest and crying bitterly when he saw the defeat and seeing such a tragic situation.
On January 11, 1938, Chiang Kai-shek flew to Kaifeng and invited Han Fuyu to participate in the meeting in the name of convening a meeting of northern generals"Disobeying military orders and retreating without authorization"Han was arrested and executed in Hankou on the 24th. Han Fuyu's death is not a pity. Not killing Han is not enough to thank the people of Shandong, not killing Han is not enough to inspire the soldiers of the Anti-Japanese War, Han Fuyu really deserves to be killed. The problem was that the high-ranking generals of the Kuomintang troops were afraid of the enemy in the War of Resistance and fled from the wind"General Fly"There is no shortage of them, and Chiang Kai-shek killed that?The inner mystery (referring to Chiang's consistent exclusion of dissidents and elimination of dissidents) is well known to the Chinese people.
After Jiang killed Han, the Third Army was leaderless for a while, and the generals of the department were in panic all day long, lest the city gate catch fire and affect the fish pond. Chiang Kai-shek used the technique of striking and pulling the machine, and appointed Sun Tongxuan, the former commander of the 20th Division, as the commander-in-chief of the Third Army, and Shen Honglie as the chairman of Shandong Province. Sun Yuan was the old department of the Northwest Army, not a descendant of Chiang, when he was so used by Chiang Kai-shek, how could he not be sincere and fearful, grateful, and obediently threw himself into Chiang's arms to report his encounter. In the end, Chiang used Sun Tongxuan to remove the military post of Zhanshutang, who had made meritorious contributions in the Anti-Japanese War, and cut off the military power of Zhanshutang, which was another proof that Chiang Kai-shek was planning to eliminate dissidents.
On August 22, 1938, the Japanese base camp issued an operational order to attack Wuhan, and directly took Wuhan from the east and north. The east road went west from Jiujiang, and the north road attacked from Xinyang to the south. After the fall of Nanjing, Wuhan was the temporary capital of the Kuomintang, and the Yangtze River Bureau of the Communist Party of China was also located in Wuhan at that time. At this time, Zhanshutang was stationed in Lanfeng, Henan, and Chen Cheng, commander of the Wuhan garrison, ordered Zhanshutang to immediately lead his troops to Caojiawan, Xiruichang County. At that time, the 11th Army of the Japanese invaders attacked along the Jiangxi with heavy troops, and was attacked head-on by the exhibition department, and fought fiercely for seven days and nights, the enemy paid a great price and it was difficult to move forward, and the poisonous gas was cast under the anger and corruption, because the local area was full of dense forests, and the poisonous gas did not disperse for a long time, Zhan Sui ordered the soldiers to wear gas masks to fight, because the gas masks were very heavy at that time, and they could not fight after wearing them, so the soldiers threw off their masks, protected their mouths and noses with wet towels, and fought hand-to-hand with the enemyIn the end, because the enemy was outnumbered, the exhibition department was heavily damaged, and was ordered to retreat to Wuhan, because the Kuomintang army fought the outskirts of Wuhan, effectively blocking the enemy's offensive, and even the Japanese base camp admitted"Everywhere is blocked, and on average only two to three kilometers per day can be advanced"。On September 25, 1938, the people abandoned Wuhan and fled to Chongqing.
Regarding the situation of China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression at that time, **commented in "On Unity**"."During the period from the Lugou Bridge Incident on July 7, 1937 to the fall of Wuhan in 1938, the Kuomintang fought relatively hard against Japan. During this period, the large-scale offensive of the Japanese aggressors and the upsurge of national indignation of the people throughout the country made the focus of the Kuomintang's policy on opposing the Japanese aggressors, and in this way, the upsurge of the All-People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression was relatively smoothly formed, and a vigorous scene appeared for a while. "This assessment is objective and correct, and the 81st Division under the command of Zhanshutang was the most resolute anti-Japanese armed force in the anti-Japanese contingent at that time, so it suffered the most heavy losses.
After the fall of Wuhan and Guangzhou, the situation of China's anti-Japanese struggle underwent major changes. After a war of aggression of one year and three months, the Japanese aggressors made a quick decision and shattered their dream of armed occupation of China, so they changed their military attack on the Kuomintang to mainly political inducement, and the anti-Japanese struggle entered a stage of strategic stalemate. "The general was not well in the peaceful years"。Chiang Kai-shek was about to unload the mill and kill the donkey, and the tragedy of the exhibition hall was about to begin.
After the soldiers retreated to Wuhan, Zhanshutang met Chen Cheng twice and asked to participate in the upcoming Battle of Changsha"Commander Sun (Sun Tongxuan) called several times to urge, you better go back to Henan. "Chen Cheng's words made Zhanshutang extremely surprised, Henan is still the rear, what will the anti-Japanese army fight when they return to Henan?
When Zhanshutang's request for war was rejected, he led the remnants to detour to the northwest of Hubei into Henan, and as soon as he arrived at Luohe, he heard Sun Tongxuan being furious in Zhengzhou, saying that Zhanshutang had run out of guns, and what was left for this division commander to do, and he would be shot by the Military Justice Department. The wind and clouds suddenly changed, the danger was abrupt, the exhibition hall faced this situation dilemma, in order to avoid its edge, then the introduction of the department temporarily stationed in Linru, in order to observe the movement.
In January 1939, the Fifth Plenary Session of the Kuomintang Central Committee passed the "Bill on Restricting the Activities of Different Parties," and a new upsurge was about to begin. As soon as the meeting ended, He Yingqin immediately flew to Luoyang. Luoyang was the capital of the Kuomintang at that time, and the so-called party-state dignitaries such as Tang Enbo, Jiang Dingwen, and Cheng Qian all set up camp in Luoyang. Why do the people attach so much importance to Luoyang?Just because of his important strategic location, standing in Luoyang, you can keep an eye on Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningbo from afar, and you can see Shanxi, Hebei, Luyu and Henan from afar, in a word, it is convenient to monitor the activities of the Communist Party.
On February 2, Sun Tongxuan immediately went to Luo to meet with Chief He, and Zhan Shutang had noticed that this was more auspicious, but under the circumstances, he could not go away, and finally went to Luo with a sense of justice. He Yingqin was very enthusiastic on the surface after seeing it, praised it greatly, and then solemnly announced:"At present, the Ministry of National Defense has decided to promote Zhanshutang to the rank of commander of the army, and the vacancy will be filled. "After that, he left the table and boarded the plane.
The next day, Sun Tongxuan convened a meeting of the commanders of divisions, brigades, and regiments of the Third Group Army. At the meeting, it was announced that in view of the fact that Zhanshutang had been promoted to the post of army commander, the post of commander of the original 81st Division was left vacant by He Cuizhi. So far, a patriotic general who fought bloodily in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and made many meritorious contributions was deprived of his military post and ended his lifelong military career. It is a great injustice to be punished instead of rewarding meritorious service!
At this time, Zhanshutang was furious, and asked Sun Tongxuan angrily: Why do you want to remove me from my post?
Sun Tongxuan replied with a sly laugh: **Aren't you promoted to military commander?
At this time, the exhibition hall felt even more insulted. I can't help but ask"What's the use of being a bare-bones commander without a single soldier?"
Sun Tongxuan said in a slippery manner"Then please wait, when there is a vacancy, you will take office when there is a vacancy. "
Zhanshutang is a person with a personality like fire, how can he withstand such a secret calculation!
Sun Tongxuan further sarcastically said: What about your people?What about guns?Holding on to the 81st Division, what's the point!
Zhanshutang was really angry, roared, and shouted: Since the Anti-Japanese War, my 81st Division has gone through dozens of battles, and has never been rested, never replenished with a single shot, and in the end I am not as good as those old slippers who only know how to preserve their strength in the war, and not as good as those commanders who swim but do not attack (for Sun Tongxuan)?Even the chairman of the committee said: Sacrifice has reached a critical juncture, if you are not afraid of sacrifice, what is the crime of my exhibition hall?only scolded Sun Tongxuan so angrily that he signaled to the heralds"Drop-off", while sneering and said: It is reasonable to go to the chairman of the committee to complain.
At this time, Zhanshutang still did not understand that Chiang Kai-shek had two major heart diseases in his life, one was the Communist Party and the other was the miscellaneous army. The Communist Party was strongly annihilated, and the miscellaneous army was bribed and co-opted, divided and disintegrated, and finally completed the unification of the party, government and army. Zhanshutang was a victim of Chiang Kai-shek's political conspiracy.
After the commander of the 81st Division changed hands, it was recuperated and replenished in Xinzheng, and in 194, under the leadership of division commander He Cuizhi, rushed violently to the revolutionary base area of Xihua County, and the anti-Japanese base area of Xihua Sangang suffered serious damage.
Soon, Zhanshutang helped his wife and son to return to their hometown - Xihua Zhanzhuang. However, the anti-Japanese ambition was not over, and he planned to cooperate with Wu Huawen in Shandong to form an anti-Japanese team, but he gave up because the Longhai Road had been cut off and it was difficult to contact. Then he planned to set up an anti-Japanese armed force by himself, and decided to spend his money on military supplies, and sent Huang Lizhong to Tianjin to withdraw money, but Huang Yi went for half a year, and only took back 3,000 yuan in paper money, a drop in the bucket, to no avail, and one after another failures, so that the exhibition hall was burned all over the house, and he was anxious and unbearable, so that he became depressed and sick.
In January 1941, the Japanese plane invaded Xihua Yigang and Lucheng and bombed indiscriminately, and the peaceful residents were ravaged and helpless.
On January 29, 1941, Zhan Shutang suddenly gulped due to excessive depression, and after rescue efforts failed, it was postponed to February 3 and died at the age of 42.