When it comes to the name Hu Xueyan, everyone may be more familiar with the economy of the Great Song Dynasty, because the phrase "to be an official is to learn from Zeng Guofan, and to do business is to learn from Hu Xueyan", it was once very popular. However, many people's understanding of Hu Xueyan may only be limited to the fact that he is an excellent businessman, and he also has a top (official title). Those who know a little more about him may have read the Gaoyang version of Hu Xueyan's biography (Mr. Februaryhe and others have also written it, but Camel still thinks that the Gaoyang version is the most classic), or the various business strategies about Hu Xueyan written by later generations according to the Gaoyang version of Hu Xueyan's biography.
However, because everyone is more sure of Hu Xueyan's achievements, in various biographies and books based on these biographies, some speculative improvements have been made to Hu Xueyan's image, but in fact, everyone does not know much about the real Hu Xueyan, so Camel is here to briefly introduce to you:
Hu Xueyan's ancestral home is Anhui (about Hu Xueyan's hometown, and Zhejiang said), and later because of the poverty of his family and the early death of his father, he had to go out to work when others were in school. Because he did not have a complete education and was small, he worked a lot of "odd jobs" in his early years, and later he found a "long-term job" and worked as a partner in a money bank.
Because of his outstanding performance, he was later "dug into a corner" by his peer Fukang Qianzhuang, because the owner of Fukang Qianzhuang had no children, so after the death of the old shopkeeper, he became the head of Fukang Qianzhuang. When he was running a money bank in Hangzhou, he got acquainted with a ** named Wang Youling (in **, it was he who borrowed money to help Wang Youling "buy" the official, so Wang Youling helped him later).
Wang Youling has a lot of ** in his hands, and Hu Xueyan knows how to "make money with money", so the two began to "team up" to earn money together. Because Wang Youling himself is very capable, his career is very smooth, and Hu Xueyan's business methods are even more clever, so they have come and gone, and both of them have become winners in life. Later, the city of Hangzhou defended by Wang Youling was surrounded by the Taiping army, because there were no reinforcements from outside, so Wang Youling fought hard for a period of time and was martyred.
Hu Xueyan, who had lost his important support, had become the "God of Wealth" in Jiangsu and Zhejiang at this time, so when Zuo Zongtang arrived, he quickly cooperated with Zuo Zongtang. Hu Xueyan was promoted step by step because of Zuo Zongtang's efforts to exterminate the Taiping Army and pacify Xinjiang, and his business became bigger and bigger.
According to records, when Hu Xueyan's business reached its peak, the ** controlled by the money village under his command was no less than 20 million taels (almost half of the Qing Dynasty treasury at that time), in addition to 10,000 acres of fertile land under his name, and Hu Qingyutang, who could compete with Beijing Tongrentang, Hu Xueyan was given the second official grade (false position) because of his assistance to Zuo Zongtang, and he was rewarded with a yellow coat, his house at that time, covering an area of no less than 10 acres of land, and the decoration was even more magnificent, and it was called "the first mansion in the late Qing Dynasty......".It can be said that Hu Xueyan's achievements at that time reached the pinnacle of what a businessman could achieve.
However, at this time, the tax revenue of industry and commerce in the Qing Dynasty only accounted for more than 30% of the total tax revenue of the country, which was less than half of the 70% in the Great Song Dynasty, but when the camel recently studied the history of the Song Dynasty, it was found that the industry and commerce of the Song Dynasty accounted for such a large proportion, but there has never been a big businessman like Hu Xueyan, and even in many historical classics, it is difficult to find a famous and surnamed folk wealthy, why is this?
After checking some information, the camel felt that the reason was in the following aspects:
First, Zhao Kuangyin, the first chairman of the Great Song Group, not only through a series of actions such as "releasing military power with a glass of wine" (but not just drinking a glass of wine, complaining about bitterness and scaring and scaring is over, but there is a package of measures. For details, please refer to "The Prime Minister Who Assisted the 2nd Emperor, Protected the Great Song Dynasty for More Than 300 Years with 12 Words, and His Reputation Is Not as Good as Yue Fei"), which collected the military power of the whole country.
In fact, he also "secretly" grasped the economic power of the whole country in his hands, and he may see that friends here will ask, which dynasty's chairman has not delegated financial power?The camel's answer is that they did, but not well enough. How did Zhao Kuangyin do it?The main thing is that two things are.
All commodities with high turnover and large profits are monopolized by "state-owned enterprises", such as salt and iron, which everyone may know, tea and wine, and "luxury goods" such as spices and ivory, which everyone may not know. There are still many commodities operated by state-owned enterprises, if they are like other dynasties, they may be so stipulated above, but there are still people below who dare to take risks.
So Lao Zhao specially formulated a series of strict laws, all those who do not follow common sense, such as selling 10 catties of salt, sentenced to death, and those who resell more than three buckets of moonshine will be sentenced to death ......In a word, there is a business that makes a lot of money, and it can only be done by one family, that is the old Zhao family, if anyone is not convinced, hehe.
Second, after the Great Song Group seized the power of military generals and monopolized the profiteering industry, it formulated an "unspoken rule" to allow ** to do business!Friends who may have an understanding of the economy, just by looking at this sentence, you can understand what is behind this. It doesn't matter if you don't understand, Camel will give you an example to understand, now our civil servants are not allowed to do business, but all business activities are under their supervision.
If one day, the state allows them to do business, then which industry do you say makes money, will he still give approval to ordinary merchants?It's just that I'm not uncommon with these "two jujubes", and I just introduce this business to relatives and friends, and it's also very fragrant. So our country is very wise and has developed a series of norms to prevent this from happening.
But the Great Song Dynasty not only did not put an end to it, but also encouraged, so how much of the money-making business you said could fall into the hands of "simple" businessmen, and if a "simple" businessman wanted to make his business bigger, where did his funds come from, and there was no bank ticket number at that time, if you raised funds from the private sector, how much could you raise, and once you make a new business bigger, guess the ** who knows this matter, will you use the resources at hand to go to your share of the pie?
So if the businessmen at that time wanted to become bigger, they had to work with the ** team of the Great Song Dynasty, so guess again, who took more and who took less in their final share?In this context, do you guess there will be a giant businessman like Hu Xueyan?
It can be seen that although the industry and commerce of the Great Song Dynasty are a weapon to make money, this money does not belong to "simple" merchants, so under the prosperity of the Great Song Dynasty, there are not no lice.
This is the 737th original article by Camel. If you agree with the camel's statement, please like it and let the camel know that you have been here, if you don't agree, you are welcome to leave a message to discuss.
The legend of Hu Xueyan is vividly outlined in this article, showing his unique position in the commercial arena during the Great Song Dynasty. The article reveals some characteristics of the economic system of the Great Song Dynasty at that time, as well as the deep reasons that led to the rise of giant businessmen such as Hu Xueyan.
First of all, through the analysis of the political and economic system of the Great Song Dynasty, the author pointed out a series of measures such as Zhao Kuangyin's "releasing military power with a glass of wine", which concentrated the country's military power and economic power. This policy of centralization has led to a series of monopolies in the economic field, such as salt, iron, tea, wine, etc., all of which are monopolized by state-owned enterprises. This monopoly led to a high concentration of economic resources, which created the conditions for the rise of merchants later.
Secondly, the article points out the unspoken rules of doing business in the Great Song Dynasty. Compared with the later eras, the Great Song Dynasty actually encouraged ** to do business, which to a certain extent caused close cooperation between merchants and **. ** behind the back of the businessman, and the merchant conspires with ** to share the wealth earned. This phenomenon of collusion between officials and businessmen makes it difficult for businessmen to simply do business, and they have to establish a relationship with the best business, forming a situation of "building a team".
In addition, the article mentions the reason for the lack of big businessmen like Hu Xueyan during the Great Song Dynasty. Compared with that time, although the Song Dynasty accounted for a relatively large proportion of industry and commerce, due to policy and institutional reasons, there were very few businessmen who could really rise to become historical giants. This point is also difficult to find in the historical classics the famous and surnamed folk wealth. This makes Hu Xueyan's success even more unique and compelling.
Finally, the article puts forward profound thoughts on some problems of the economic system of the Great Song Dynasty. The author believes that although industry and commerce in the Great Song Dynasty were powerful tools for making money, due to the excessive concentration of wealth in the hands of the first generation, it was difficult for merchants to develop and grow, and it also made the society lack real business giants. This was both a constraint and a hidden danger for that era.
Overall, through vivid narration and profound analysis, this article gives readers a clearer understanding of the business pattern of the Great Song Dynasty and Hu Xueyan's business wisdom. This also provides useful enlightenment for us to better understand the laws of business development in the historical context.
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