"The surrender of the Japanese and the permanent peace of the world can be expected. All kinds of important international and domestic issues that need to be solved urgently, I hereby invite Mr. Keri to accompany the capital to discuss together. It is a matter of national planning, fortunately, do not be stingy, and the power is overwhelmed with urgency. ”
This was the first telegram from Chiang Kai-shek inviting him to negotiate peace when the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was about to be won. His words are sincere, overflowing, and gracious, without doubt and shirk.
Anyone who knows a thing or two about the history of the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party cannot help but give people an illusion: Is this from the mouth of Chiang Kai-shek?Why do you think it's unbelievable?Looking back on the past, I remember it vividly:
In 1927, the National Revolution was in full swing, the Northern Expeditionary Army was invincible, and the rule of the Beiyang warlords collapsed. However, the workers' and peasants' revolutionary movement touched the interests of the big landlords and big capitalists, and cracks appeared in the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. The April 12 coup d'état marked the beginning of the bloody "purging of the Communist Party" activities by the reactionary clique within the Kuomintang. As a result, the relationship between the KMT and the Communist Party has moved from cooperation to confrontation.
In the face of the frenzied aggression of the Japanese invaders, due to the Xi'an Incident and its peaceful settlement, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party once again moved towards cooperation. However, Chiang Kai-shek passively accepted it, forced by the situation. For the time being, he hid the policy of "settling the inside before attacking the outside," but he never forgot the attempt to eliminate the alien parties. Especially after the Anti-Japanese War entered the stage of strategic stalemate, it was more active than the Anti-Japanese War, and the Southern Anhui Incident was one of the typical cases.
Moreover, in the months leading up to the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party held important meetings respectively. At the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China, ** said: "Our task is to strive for a bright future and a bright destiny with all our might, and oppose another dark future and destiny." This bright future is the establishment of a new democratic China.
On the contrary, Chiang Kai-shek said at a meeting of the Kuomintang: "Today's central task is to eliminate the Communist Party, Japan is our external enemy, the Chinese Communists are our internal enemies, and only by eliminating the Chinese Communists can we accomplish our task!"”
In this way, these two and three condescending invitations to peace talks are particularly hypocritical. However, the whole country and even the international community are happy to hear about this move. As the message says, fascism has failed, and the world will usher in a period of peace-building. In particular, the Chinese people have suffered from the aggression of foreign powers, warlord wars, and especially the ravages of Japanese invaders for decades, and they are as eager for a peaceful and peaceful life as hungry people waiting for food.
So, it's like playing chess, and the opponent has a head shot - will!If you don't accept it, you're defeated. Because everyone wants peace, if you don't cooperate with the negotiations, you will refuse peace, and you will be a real "backstabber". Even the two world giants, the United States and the Soviet Union, did not want China to fight a civil war - the Soviet Union was not optimistic about the power of the Chinese Communist Party, and the United States hoped to establish a coalition regime by peaceful means.
Obviously this is a "Hongmen Banquet"!But if you don't take the call, you will lose in politics. If you don't go, you'll be checkmated;Go ahead, danger lurks. As the saying goes, "knowing that there are tigers in the mountains, I prefer to go to the tiger mountains", "If you don't enter the tiger's den, how can you get the tiger?".”
** Li overrode the public opinion, Chongqing can be and must go. In order to conform to the will of the people, to strive for peace as much as possible, and to expose the face of Chiang's fake peace, to express the sincerity of the CCP for peace, and to unite and educate the broad masses of the people. He resolutely prepared to sit in the class room and left a political will, and if something happened, Comrade *** would replace his work.
There is a famous report "Between Waving Hands", in which history freezes the moment when the great man raised his hat and waved his hand. Tao Xisheng, the chief writer of the Kuomintang, once said very explicitly, we know that the Communist Party will not come to Chongqing for negotiations, and we must fake it and create an atmosphere of (sincere peace talks). However, they didn't expect the other party to really come!This is the "anti-check" in chess.
And for the people of Chongqing, this is a great joy. Chongqing's "Ta Kung Pao" editorial "Mr. ** is coming!."》The whole mountain city is boiling!Democrats praised the courage to take risks to go to Chongqing as "brave and courageous" and "a matter of the safety of the world".
The broad masses of the people have been fighting hard for a long time!** Going to Chongqing for negotiations conforms to the aspirations of the broad masses of the people and enables the people to see domestic peace, democracy and national unity.
1. The hope of prosperity and strength. With a wave of the hand, the Chinese Communist Party has taken the initiative in this contest politically.
The negotiation process is destined to be difficult, because it is simply wishing for two parallel lines to intersect. One of the main focal points is the people's army under the leadership of the Communist Party in the liberated areas. From the establishment of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, after eight years of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the ranks have grown stronger and stronger, and the number of the People's Liberation Army has grown to 1.27 million. You know, power is taken from the barrel of a gun. It was because of the loss of control of the "knife handle" that he paid a heavy price in the first place.
An even more difficult controversy to negotiate is the issue of political power in the liberated areas. As a result of the arduous anti-Japanese guerrilla war, the liberated areas developed from the base areas behind enemy lines accounted for about 24 percent of the country's area and 29 percent of the country's population, and they already had the nature of a local political power under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.
The reason why it is difficult to solve the problem is, in the final analysis, Chiang Kai-shek's refusal to establish a real democratic union**, and the real idea is to maintain his ** rule by force. Despite this, under the pressure of domestic and foreign countries, the two sides still reached an agreement that is not completely consistent with each other, which is the famous "Double Tenth Agreement".
The main contents of this agreement are: The two sides affirm that they will cooperate for a long time on the basis of peace, democracy, unity, and reunification, resolutely avoid civil war, and build the country peacefully. It was also reaffirmed at the subsequent Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), which was composed of members of various parties. This is an important result of the Chongqing talks, which is beneficial to the people and an expression of the people's determination after the war.
Why is it said that the Chongqing negotiations have succeeded in "opposing generals"?Although Chiang Kai-shek did not have the sincerity to truly realize democracy and peace, he set up such a stage, and the agreement wrote down the policy of peace and unity in black and white. Although it was for the people of the whole country to see, once this agreement was torn up, it would lose reason in front of the people of the whole country and lose the support of the people.
Therefore, there is a kind of failure called "fake drama and real singing", and there is a kind of victory called "bias towards Tiger Mountain".
This article was written by Hu Qinhai).
December 14, 2023.