In the face of physical examination, everyone feels fearless when they are young, because almost all the items in each physical examination are normal, but many people also experience that as they get older, the abnormal indicators of physical examination gradually increase. That's because as we age, our body's metabolic capacity will decline year by year, and many chronic diseases will find us.
So, in order to delay the occurrence of chronic diseases, what physical examination items should we focus on during the annual physical examination?On the occasion of the year-end physical examination season, we will carry out science popularization for you today.
With the rise of living standards and lifestyle changes, the proportion of people with three highs is getting higher and higher, so the projects related to the three highs must be checked and need our extra attention. For example:
l Measurement of blood pressure, blood pressure-related homocysteine examination;
l Glucose tolerance test (at least every three years if normal).
l Glycosylated hemoglobin test;
l Lipid profile;
l Carotid artery ultrasonography (carotid artery is the site where we can easily detect whether there is arteriosclerosis and vascular plaque formation through ultrasonography);
l Blood uric acid and liver and kidney function tests.
Through these checks, we can warn in advance whether there is a risk of metabolic diseases and how well they can be controlled.
As the incidence of Zhong Liu increases year by year, the investigation of Zhong Liu is also a mandatory item. For example, breast AI and cervical AI screening for women, and prostate examination for men.
Thyroid ultrasound and abdominal ultrasound are also required to warn thyroid and hepatobiliary diseases in advance.
The lung is also a high incidence at present, so we also need to do a chest X-ray or lung CT scan to check the lung condition during the physical examination.
The incidence of gastric AI increases with age, and 40 years is recommended as the starting age for gastric AI screening. The means of screening is gastroscopy.
Age >> 50 years old, colorectal cancer screening is a must, and the means of screening is colonoscopy.
In addition to the above items, some items that are easy to overlook also need to be checked, such as routine blood and urine tests and occult blood. Especially for the fecal routine + occult blood test, many people ignore this examination because it is inconvenient to keep specimens, but for the digestive tract health reminder, the positive fecal occult blood is a strong reminder, when the index is positive, we need further examination to rule out the hidden dangers of the digestive tract.