This project has high requirements for building fire prevention from the needs of building use functions. The fire resistance level of the building should be Class I, and there are also high requirements for the fire resistance limit of the components.
The key points of the building fire prevention construction of this project are: the construction of fire doors and firewalls, the construction of complete evacuation exits, the fire prevention construction of building interior decoration, and the construction of detailed fire prevention structures of equipment rooms.
The principle of building fire supervision and control: from the design to ensure that the fire hazard in the building is reduced to the lowest point;Timely and quickly rely on fixed fire-fighting facilities to eliminate fire alarms;Ensure that the building structure has the specified fire resistance strength, so that the occupants in the building can effectively and safely evacuate within the corresponding time.
According to the above control principles, the supervision will control the following aspects during the construction process:
1. Firewall:
1) Control points.
1) Material: The firewall is non-combustible, and the fire resistance limit is 4 hours.
2) The structure of the firewall: The firewall should be directly set on the foundation or reinforced concrete frame, and should be not less than 40cm higher than the non-combustible roof.
3) The construction should be carried out in strict accordance with the design and construction requirements. The firewall itself should have a certain degree of stability to ensure that the firewall does not collapse when beams, floor slabs and other structures are damaged by fire.
2) Countermeasures.
During the construction process, the supervising engineer should strictly inspect and accept the raw materials of the firewall, conduct the fire resistance limit test if necessary, carefully review the construction plan of the firewall, and check and accept the structure of the firewall and the connection structure with other components in strict accordance with the design requirements.
If there are violations of the specifications in the design drawings, the supervising engineer shall promptly submit to the design unit through the owner so as to modify the design in a timely manner.
2. Fire door.
The types of fire doors of this project are Class A, B and C, as well as fire shutter doors and other types.
1) Control points.
The specifications, grades, and materials of fire doors should meet the requirements of design and construction specifications.
The installation of fire doors shall comply with the requirements specified in the construction specifications.
Opening direction of fire door: double fire door should have the function of sequential closure and manual opening direction, automatic sealing performance in case of fire, etc.
2) Countermeasures.
Strictly review the qualifications of fire door manufacturers, production licenses and other supporting materials.
Strictly inspect the product certificate and material test data of fire doors.
Strictly check whether the function of the fire door meets the requirements of the design and acceptance specifications. Focus on checking the automatic closing function of fire doors for evacuation walkways, stairwells and fire front rooms;When closed, it should be able to be opened manually from any side;Check the normally open fire door, when a fire breaks out, it should have the function of automatic closing and signal feedback.
3. Safety evacuation facilities.
1) Technical difficulties in safe evacuation construction.
The construction of safety evacuation exits must meet the design requirements, including the number of safety evacuation exits, the layout of the layout, the size of the safety evacuation exits (including height, width and elevation), the width of the safety evacuation passages, the opening direction of the evacuation doors, etc.
2) Construction supervision and control measures for safe evacuation facilities.
The supervising engineer should be carefully familiar with the relevant drawings, and organize the drawings to review, and carry out construction supervision work in strict accordance with the construction drawings.
The layout of the evacuation exit must meet the design requirements, and the supervising engineer carefully checks the positioning, elevation and size of the safety evacuation exit, carefully checks the size and elevation of the safety evacuation channel, and handles the acceptance procedures.
Inspect and accept the quality of materials and accessories for evacuation doors to ensure that they meet the requirements of design and construction acceptance specifications. Carefully check whether the size of the step setting meets the design requirements.
4. Fire prevention inside the building.
1) Construction difficulties:
The ceiling, moisturizing materials and other decorative materials of this project should be made of non-combustible materials, and the joints of the decoration materials should have good sealing measures. In order to prevent "jumping fire", the ceiling, wall and floor decoration materials of the evacuation passage and the entrance hall of the safety exit should be made of Class A decoration materialsCurtains and curtains should be made of flame-retardant fabrics. The interior decoration materials of fire pump room, smoke exhaust machine room, power distribution room, transformer room, ventilation and air conditioning machine room, etc., should be made of A-class decoration materials. Interior trim should not reduce the net width and number of safety exits, evacuation exits, or evacuation passages required for design evacuation.
2) Supervision countermeasures.
The supervising engineer carefully reviews the construction organization design of the building decoration construction unit, and carefully checks whether the building decoration deepening design drawings are confirmed by the original design unit.
Carefully check whether the building decoration materials meet the requirements of the design and relevant fire protection specifications, and check whether the product certificate, production batch number and appearance quality of the materials, and the retest report of the materials are qualified. At the same time, the construction unit is required to provide material samples for storage. Strictly control the acceptance of materials and prevent unqualified materials from entering the site.
Carefully inspect and accept the fire treatment construction of the decoration parts, and only after the acceptance of the previous process can you enter the next process construction;For the decoration construction of safety exits, evacuation exits or evacuation passages, the construction unit is required to do a good job in model construction, and the supervising engineer shall measure and inspect on site to confirm that the net size required for the design evacuation of the safety exit, evacuation exit or evacuation walkway is not reduced, and the relevant acceptance procedures shall be carried out before large-scale construction can be carried out.
5. Fire prevention of curtain wall.
1) Control points of curtain wall construction.
1) The gap between the curtain wall and the floor slab.
2) The gap between the curtain wall and the partition wall.
3) The fire performance of the materials used.
2) Supervision and control measures.
Check the gaps between the curtain wall and the floor slabs and partition walls on each floor, and require the gaps to be tightly filled.
Inspect the caulking material and require that the caulking material is non-combustible.
6. Detailed treatment of building fire prevention.
1) The construction technical difficulties of detailed treatment.
The wall of vertical pipelines such as cable wells, pipeline wells, exhaust flues, and exhaust ducts shall be fire resistance not less than 100h non-combustible body, vertical should be closed with non-combustible material on each floor, combustible gas and class A, B, C liquid pipeline, shall not pass through the firewall, when other pipelines must pass through the firewall, should use non-combustible materials to fill the surrounding void dense.
2) Detail the supervision and control measures.
The supervising engineer strictly reviews the construction plan for the fire prevention and plugging of the shaft and the through-wall pipeline, and urges the construction unit to construct according to the construction plan. The supervising engineer shall inspect the sealing construction quality of the shaft and the wall pipeline one by one, and make inspection records in a timely manner.