History, more rigorous than any other discipline, is earlier than human cognition, and is the "old man of time" buried in the soil.
Therefore, we are not reading history books that are full of words, but history books that clearly tell you that the historical materials are limited and the interpretation is flawed.
InNova PressPublished"Zizhi Tongjian: Xiong Yi Edition" (third series).In the preface, the author Xiong Yi said:
"In the field of ancient history, even if we grasp all the known conditions, we will still miss out on some indispensable things, so that what we think is the panorama, the whole picture, is nothing more than a blind man touching an elephant and a leopard in a tube. ”
I think that it is with such an honest and confident attitude towards scholarship that we can bring works that respect history and restore history to everyone. This is also the reason why Xiong Yi's interpretation of the version of "Zizhi Tongjian" has become popular from the first to the third series.
In the newly published third series, the brushstrokes extend from 209 BC to 170 BC, with 260 questions as an introduction, and the riddle titles of important historical figures and deeds are clues, **Qin Fall and Han Xing" This stage of the grand history.
In the history of "Qin Death and Han Xing", "Qin Death" is the most puzzling. Perhaps even the people of the Qin State who had experienced the "Six Mergers" did not understand that Qin Shi Huang's resolute and resolute feat of unifying the six countries is still vivid, and in an instant, why was the great country buried in the hands of his youngest son Hu Hai?
In order to interpret the truth of this period of history, Xiong Yi started from the six questions of "what did Hu Hai inherit from Qin Shi Huang", "why Hu Hai's rule was systematically risky", "how did Qin II be the emperor", "how did Zhao Gao give advice", "how did Hu Hai deal with ministers and princes", and "what happened to the Qin clan's fear", and went deep into the historical phenomena to explore the causes of historical facts.
When discussing the "inheritance" inherited by Hu Hai, Xiong Yi listed it separatelyVast territory, ** centralized system, Legalist concept of governance, bureaucratic bureaucratic system, about 19 brothersFive categories of "heritage". For Hu Hai, whose inheritance is already in doubt, the immediate threat to his accession to the throne comes from his nineteen older brothers and an unknown number of sisters who share the same bloodline (i.e., legal inheritance). Therefore, at the instigation of Zhao Gao, who was ambitious as a wolf, a "great purge" against the Qin clan began.
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However, solving the sibling threat could not save the Qin dynasty from the brink of peril.
There is a passage in the original text of "Zizhi Tongjian" mentions:
Summer, April, the second to Xianyang, said Zhao Gao said: "Mrs. was born in the world, such as six times through the gap." Now that I am in the world, I want to know what my ears and eyes like, and what I enjoy when I am poor, so that I can live for the rest of my life”
This is a description of what Hu Hai said to Zhao Gao after returning to Xianyang from the Eastern Tour in the following year after he ascended the throne. In and out of the words, it is just that life is short, and you need to be happy in time. It can be seen that Hu Hai's claim to be the king is just for the hedonistic capital attached to the throne, and there is no half of the ruling ambition and courage of the first emperor.
Xiong Yi also analyzed: As a country that merged in a short period of time, the Qin Dynasty had an unstable foundation in people's hearts. First of all, Zhao Gao's "wind in his ears" caused Hu Hai to kill his siblings and his father, Qin Shi Huang's former ministersSecond, the Qin Dynasty was unwilling to follow the example of its predecessors, and while enforcing harsh decrees, it did not flexibly apply benevolent policies to the people of the Six Kingdoms of Shandong, especially the old aristocracy. These decisions seriously shook the foundations of the Qin dynasty.
Coupled with Hu Hai's lack of determination to lead the country, the rapid demise of the Qin dynasty was seen by later generations as "predictable results."
In the past, in the shallow study of history, we only commented on the cruelty of Hu Hai's temperament and the viciousness of Zhao Gao's mind to say that the reason for the "Qin Annihilation" was that in the face of the death of the sage son Fusu, it was only a regretful sigh.
We never thought that in the rise and fall of dynasties, such an uncommon sudden rise and fall as the Qin Dynasty was not as simple as the joint layout of the superiors and the ministers. Through Xiong Yi's interpretation, we can find the reason why history is like this from the citation and comparison of political, philosophical, archaeological and other research results at home and abroad.
History has only two functions for human beings:One is to guide human beings to understand their own **, and the other is to guide human beings to plan their own future.
Most of the most common historical reading books only tell the reader the "why", but rarely mention the "how". In the face of efficiency, I don't think readers are content to just figure out the "why". Only by clearly extracting the "how" from history is what every reader of history expects.
If you are also interested in ancient Chinese history before the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and you are determined to find ways to improve your life and work situation through history, then "Zizhi Tongjian: Xiong Yi Edition" is indeed a good choice.