"I was a guard for Commander Yang Guofu".
Wang Jingjian dictated.
Infantry Sergeant pen.
Fourth draft, August 2014).
In June 1950, the Korean War broke out. In October, the Chinese People's Volunteers entered the Korean War, and the 8th Artillery Division entered the DPRK with the Volunteers, but the 47th and 48th Artillery Regiments did not move with the division; first, they stayed to harvest soybeans, and second, they waited for Soviet equipment to be replaced.
At the beginning of 1951, the 48th Artillery Regiment moved to Ning'an County, and the whole regiment was reequipped with Soviet-style equipment in Ning'an, the artillery was a 122 howitzer, the gun carriage was a Gil 10-wheel truck, and the trolley was a Gaz 6 or 7, all of which were new. The regiment is equipped with five or six trolleys, and the battalion is also equipped with trolleys, about six, but they are usually centralized in the regiment for unified management, and then assigned to the battalion when marching and fighting. There is an airport built by the Japanese in Ning'an, which has been abandoned. After changing their clothes, the cadres of the Political Department of our regiment went to the airport to learn how to drive a car, and they learned it in one afternoon.
Before the outbreak of the Korean War, the Korean Division (156th Division) of the 43rd Army, two Korean companies of the 48th Artillery Regiment, and Korean cadres and fighters from various units were all transferred to Korea. When the 48th Artillery Regiment was changing its equipment in Ning'an, I went to Shenyang to buy things for the troops, and I accidentally met Xuan Zhenyun, the former director of the headquarters of the Artillery Regiment, on the streets of Shenyang.
Xuan Zhenyun is a native of Yanbian Korean, burly, in his thirties, able to endure hardships and very capable. He speaks Chinese half-and-half-lala, but he understands what we speak. He said that when war broke out after they arrived in Korea, he was assigned to a North Korean air force division to do logistics. The enemy had crossed the 38th parallel, and the wounded, sick, and organs of the KPA had been evacuated to the areas of Jilin and Liaoning in China, and the DPRK Air Force Division to which he belonged had an office in Shenyang, where he now works.
"When we passed, they didn't trust us, and we were ostracized there," he said. They were completely Soviet equipment, trained by Soviet advisers, and learned the same Soviet style. They think that we are dirt and look down on us, and they can't compare to us when we start fighting, and our past troops are very capable of fighting. ”
I asked him, "What about the two companies we went by?"Did you meet their company commanders and instructors?”
"At first, we could still see each other, but when we fought, we lost contact," he said. They are infantry, and they are more marginalized, but when it comes to fighting, the North Koreans still admire it. ”
As he spoke, he had tears in his eyes. He also wanted to go back to the old army and said, "It's better for our People's Liberation Army!"”
At noon, he was going to invite me to dinner. He found a Shanghai restaurant and asked for a few dishes, which were sweet and delicious.
In October 1951, our 48th Artillery Regiment took a train from Ning'an County to North Korea. We first went to Andong, there are two bridges on the Yalu River, one has been damaged by the American army, and Andong is stationed with Soviet anti-aircraft artillery units, which are responsible for protecting the Yalu River bridge. The average volunteer soldier entered the DPRK once, but I entered the DPRK five times - the first time was to transport ** to the Bohai Naval Region, the second time was to escort the second batch of family members left behind in the Bohai Sea, the third time was detained by the North Korean border guards on the Yalu River, the fourth time I went to North Korea to buy watches and pens for the column, and the fifth time was to participate in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
After three or five days in Andong, the 48th Artillery Regiment crossed the Yalu River Bridge and entered the DPRK and was stationed in a village near Sinuiju, less than ten miles away from Sinuiju. After stationing, the troops camouflaged artillery and gun carriages. Two or three days later, when it was still dark, the 48th Artillery Regiment continued to advance southward, and was attacked by air raids not long after its departure. Our political office went down to the company, and the company's artillery carriage went first, and the enemy planes bombed the rear of the marching formation, and it was said that four enemy planes came, and the troops suffered some losses.
On the night of the third day, after walking more than 100 kilometers, we stopped on the right side of the road to rest, and I got down from the passenger seat to relieve my little hands. The driver came down to the rear of the car to check the condition of the car, forgot to close the door, and a car came up behind him and scratched the door.
After entering the DPRK, several more artillery regiments came under the command of the 8th Artillery Division -- the 27th Regiment, the 28th Regiment, and the 43rd Regiment.
Every morning, when the sky was not too bright, the enemy in the south of the 38th parallel began to attack all the intersections in front of the garrison and block the movement of our vehicles and personnel. At about twelve o'clock in the afternoon and when the sun had set, but it was not yet dark, the enemy artillery fired again. The enemy ** is very regular, and our personnel and vehicle actions are evaded these three times. At night, enemy planes were dispatched to throw triangular spikes on the road and strafe and bomb transport vehicles. Our main countermeasure was to set up anti-aircraft posts along the route, and the sentries fired warning shots into the air when they spotted enemy aircraft. Enemy planes came from the south, and the gunfire from the anti-aircraft posts rang out all the way.
I have forgotten most of the names of the places where the Eighth Artillery Division was stationed after entering the DPRK, mainly because I went abroad and was not familiar with the terrain, so I couldn't remember it after a long time. I remember that after the troops advanced forward, they used to live in Dade Mountain, and the organs of the 48th Artillery Regiment went up the mountain, and the troops were stationed at the bottom of the mountain. A few days later, the troops continued to advance towards the 38th parallel, and the 48th Artillery Regiment was stationed five or six hundred meters west of the road, surrounded by large and small hills. This place is relatively close to Kaesong, about twenty miles away. There are not many villages in this area, and the village is not large, and there is a village near the regiment headquarters, and there are only a few families in the village. When the troops first arrived, they set up tents in the dwarf pine forests on the mountains, hid themselves during the day, and rested in the tents at night. The hill to the north of the regimental headquarters was relatively large, and the troops dug an air-raid shelter and a concealment section of the artillery carriage at the bottom of the mountain, and all the artillery entered the fortifications to conceal it.
One day, at three or four o'clock in the afternoon, enemy planes bombed our station, four or eight planes in each batch, and thirty or forty sorties came one after another, bombing for about half an hour. Wang Zhenge, the platoon commander of the Guantong team, and I climbed to the top of the hill where we were stationed, carrying a semi-automatic rifle and half a bag of 79 bullets. The enemy planes were "oil pickers", which entered from the south and broke away from the west after dropping bombs. The enemy planes flew very low and descended down the big ravine, one after the other, and we could see the pilots in the cockpit with helmets on their heads on their heads. Wang Zhenge and I used semi-automatic rifles to fight "oil picks", and we hit a lot of bullets, and the barrels were hot. The enemy planes were very fast, and despite the amount of advance we set, they still did not shoot down. In this bombing by enemy planes, the losses of the troops were very small, our personnel, artillery, and artillery vehicles were well concealed, the enemy planes were not discovered, and only the small rear of the three battalions and one company suffered some losses. The Volunteers have no superiority in equipment and technology, and North Korea has many mountains and forests, so it is easier to hide, otherwise the losses will be greater.
The regimental headquarters of the 48th Artillery Regiment also had its own small rear, more than 20 kilometers north of the regimental headquarters. One day, I went to the rear of the regiment headquarters with regiment commander Li Xianghou and his guards, and the next day we were bombed by enemy planes. In the back hill of the small regiment, there was a volunteer logistics warehouse, which enemy planes often came to bomb. At about eight o'clock in the morning of the next day, and less than nine o'clock, an enemy reconnaissance plane came from the southeast, turned around and went back. Soon four more enemy planes came from due south and west to bomb the logistics warehouse in the back mountain. Enemy planes continued to stream in one after another, diving and dropping bombs at low altitudes. It turned out that there was no anti-aircraft artillery unit of the Volunteer Army in this place, and an anti-aircraft artillery company was stationed in the back mountain the night before. When the enemy plane dived, the anti-aircraft artillery company suddenly shot down one enemy plane and damaged two. The one shot down was planted in the back hill, and the two wounded flew south with black smoke in tow.
We were all very happy and hurried to the back mountain to see the downed enemy plane. We climbed over the hill to the crash site, and found that the pilot had fallen to his death, and we found an aviation map, a parachute, a watch, and a pen. The pilot was not tall and bearded, and some people said that he was not an American devil, but a British devil. Judging from the situation at the scene, the pilot parachuted, but the altitude was low and the parachute was not opened.
In June 1952, I was appointed deputy director of the Political Department of the 48th Artillery Regiment. In March 1953, I was transferred to the Political Department of the Eighth Artillery Division as deputy chief of the organization section, and later as the head of the organization section. When I was in the Organization Section, I was mainly responsible for the construction of grassroots Party organizations, the development of Party members, and the training of branch members and Party members. In June 1955, I was appointed deputy director of the Political Department of the Eighth Artillery Division.
In the summer of 1952, I returned to China for a vacation, first went to Beijing to buy some things, and then returned to Anton to live for a few days. It was very hot, so I went to swim in the Yalu River, and some officers and men of the Soviet antiaircraft artillery unit also went to swim and bathe in the river.
Before the armistice, the troops lived in bomb shelters. After the armistice, the troops began to build barracks. At this time, the Organization Department of the Political Department of the Volunteer Army held a special meeting and asked all departments of the Volunteer Army to build a martyr's cemetery. I went to attend this meeting, and when I returned, I conveyed it to the division, and the division designated me and the head of the division's logistics department to be responsible for building the martyrs' cemetery of the Eighth Artillery Division. We organized troops to bury the bodies of the martyrs scattered in various places in the newly built cemetery, and the Eighth Artillery Division successively built two martyrs' cemeteries.
April 25 is the anniversary of the founding of the Korean People's Army. On April 25, 1955, the Chinese Volunteers organized a delegation to participate in the commemoration of the founding of the Korean People's Army.
On the National Day of 1955, the Volunteer Army formed a delegation to return to China to participate in the celebration of the sixth anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and the head of the delegation was Yang Yong. This time, there is also a representative from each division, and I will go to the Eighth Artillery Division. The delegation of the Chinese Volunteers returned to China in late September, and Liu Qiren picked up the delegation at the Beijing Railway StationHe was so enthusiastic when he saw me. He was in charge of the reception, was busy, and after a few words, we parted.
After arriving in Beijing, I can't remember which guest house the volunteer delegation stayed in. On September 27, we went to Zhongnanhai Huairen Hall to attend the ceremony of awarding the titles of marshal and general. First of all, there was a ceremony to confer titles on marshals, and then a ceremony to award titles to generals and a ceremony to award titles to colonels, both of which we attended. The conference staff sent each of us a seat number, and I have no impression of what my seat number is, but I remember that we sat in the middle of the auditorium, and Luo Shuai's seat was not far from us.
On the evening of the award, ** feasted all the staff who participated in the award ceremony in the back garden of Huairen Hall. There are all kinds of drinks at the banquet, and the dishes are all cold dishes, which are neatly arranged on the table. Except for the ** chief, who has a seat, the people who attend the banquet are all standing. As soon as some generals and lieutenant generals came in, they ate away, and the person presiding over the meeting said, "Why did you eat before the master came?"”
After the banquet, we watched the Peking Opera "Ganlu Temple" in Huairen Hall, and Ma Lianliang starred. After the award ceremony, the delegation of volunteers visited the scenic spot in Beijing and visited Beihai, the Forbidden City, and the Summer Palace. On October 1, at the military parade and mass parade in Tiananmen Square, the delegation of the Volunteer Army was arranged at the West Viewing Platform, which was relatively close to Tiananmen Square. We didn't have a seat to stand, we all stood with a square brick, and when we were tired of standing, we would squat down and rest for a while.
This time, we stayed in Beijing for 10 days and half a month.