Flower shiitake mushroom, as a special variety of shiitake mushroom, is highly prized for its unique pattern and rich nutrient content. Cultivating flower shiitake mushrooms requires mastering certain skills, and the following is a detailed introduction to the cultivation techniques of flower shiitake mushrooms:
1) Morphological characteristics: The top surface of the mushroom is usually pale black with a unique pattern, and the cap is relatively flat, with a diameter of 5-10 cm, sometimes up to a larger size. The mushroom folds are dense and thin, similar in color to the top surface, mostly pale black or grayish-black, and sometimes brown or purple-brown. The stipe is short, tough, and similar in color to the cap, usually pale black or grayish-black.
2) Growing environment: The suitable temperature range for the growth of shiitake mushrooms is between 15-25 degrees Celsius, and lower temperatures help to improve yield and quality. It has a low need for light and usually grows in shaded conditions.
1) Cultivation methods: There are various cultivation methods of shiitake mushrooms, including segment wood cultivation, artificial mushroom wood cultivation and ground cultivation. At present, with the improvement of substitution cultivation technology, the cultivation of segment wood has gradually decreased, and substitution cultivation has become the main method.
2) Technological process: The basic process of Hua Shiitake mushroom includes ingredients, bagging, sterilization, inoculation, germing, mushroom production and other steps.
1) Cultivation season: The cultivation season of flower shiitake mushrooms is similar to that of shiitake mushrooms, mainly in the two seasons of spring planting and autumn planting. The exact timing of planting will vary depending on the climatic conditions in different regions.
2) Raw material formula: The commonly used formula for the production of mushroom bags is 1% gypsum, 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, and 1% mushroomin. In the production process, high-quality gypsum powder and mushroomin should be selected to ensure the quality and yield of planting.
1) Mixing production: In the process of mixing materials, wood chips, wheat bran and other raw materials should be mixed first, then gypsum powder and mushroomin should be added, and finally an appropriate amount of water should be added, stirring evenly to maintain proper humidity.
2) Bagging and sterilization: The mixed material is packed into the bacterial bag and sterilized to kill potential germs and pests.
3) Inoculation and germography: At a suitable temperature, the strains are inoculated into the fungus bag, and then the bacteria are germinated to promote the full growth of mycelium.
4) Mushroom management: When the mycelium in the mushroom bag grows to a certain extent, mushroom production can be carried out. At this stage, it is necessary to control the environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, light, etc., to ensure the quality and yield of shiitake mushrooms.