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Reporter Li Qian. December 7 is the heavy snow solar term, heavy snow is the third solar term in winter, marking the arrival of the midwinter season, the weather is gradually cold, snowfall is frequent, greenhouse vegetable production is easy to encounter low temperature, weak light, wind, rain and snow and other adverse weather influences, resulting in slow growth of vegetables, yellowing of leaves, diseases and other problems. To this end, agricultural technology experts from the Municipal Digital Agriculture and Rural Development Center put forward guidance on winter vegetable production for the reference of the majority of vegetable farmers.
Agricultural technology experts suggest: it is necessary to strengthen the greenhouse film pressing line in time to avoid strong winds tearing the greenhouse film from both ends and the middle. Repair the holes in the shed film in time to prevent the holes from being torn by strong winds. Close the vents in time when the wind is strong. At low temperatures, take thermal insulation measures in time to reduce heat loss. To scrub the shed film, keep the shed film clean, and lay white mulch or silver-gray mulch film when planting, which can increase the temperature and fill the light. Hang reflective film on the back wall of the greenhouse and use the reflected light to increase the light. Appropriately increase the row spacing of plants, reduce shading between plants, pruning and pruning, removing old and diseased leaves and leaves with serious light blocking, and tying vines in time. Conditional bases can be installed with plant fill lights for artificial fill light.
In case of windy weather, the greenhouse vent and facility entrance and exit should be closed to prevent the greenhouse film from tearing off, try to avoid waist wind or bottom wind, reduce the humidity in the shed through the gap of the top air outlet, and close the vent in time when the wind is strong. When ventilating, generally in the morning, after the insulation cover is rolled up, it can be ventilated and dehumidified for a short time, and the time does not exceed 20 minutes, and then ventilation is carried out according to the growth and temperature of the crop. In case of continuous rain and snow, ventilation can be used for 10 minutes to 20 minutes when the indoor temperature is at its highest at noon. When irrigating, use ditch irrigation or drip irrigation under the membrane, and cover the ditch with moisture-absorbing materials such as broken straw, and ventilate and drain moisture in time when the temperature is high at noon after watering. Conditional bases can use dehumidifiers and other environmental control equipment to reduce humidity.
Strengthen the insulation measures at night, and the insulation is covered in time and early to avoid frost damage. After the cooling, the temperature rises, combined with watering, a small amount of fertilizer is applied in time to promote the recovery of plant growth as soon as possible. In the low temperature season, the root growth of vegetables is slow, and humic acid or alginic acid fertilizer can be applied to the roots to promote root growth and improve root activity. Foliar fertilizer can also be sprayed, spraying 03% potassium monobasic phosphate +03% calcium nitrate + 1% glucose solution, or 03% high potassium type water-soluble fertilizer +02% calcium chloride + 1% glucose solution. For vegetable plants that are cold-damaged or frost-damaged, amino acid foliar fertilizers containing medium and trace elements can be sprayed, or plant growth regulators such as brassinolide can be sprayed to enhance the cold and frost resistance of crops.