Zhuge Liang (180 234 AD), known as Kong Ming, was a famous politician and military strategist during the Three Kingdoms period, and was a well-known legendary figure in the history of our country.
In the fourth year of Emperor Guanghe of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhuge Liang was born in a small bureaucratic landlord family. His father, Zhuge Gui, once served as the county governor of Taishan. When Liang was young, his parents died one after another, and he was raised by his uncle Zhuge Xuan. When he was 14 years old, due to the frequent wars in his hometown, Zhuge Liang and his younger brother Zhuge both left their hometown with their uncle and took refuge in Yuzhang (now Nanchang, Jiangxi), and then followed their uncle to Jingzhou to seek refuge with Liu Biao. In the second year of Jian'an (197 AD), his uncle died of illness, and the 17-year-old Zhuge Liang was in Longzhong (now Xiangyang West, Hubei), 20 miles west of Xiangyang City, ploughing acres of ridges, and lived in seclusion here. In addition to farming, he read a wide range of books, studied the art of war, quietly observed the current situation, pondered strategies, and was deeply valued by the world for his erudition and foresight, and was known as "Wolong".
In the twelfth year of Jian'an, upon the recommendation of the strategist Xu Shu, Liu Bei visited Zhuge Liang three times and frankly expressed his ambition to flatten the heroes and unify the country. Zhuge Liang saw that Liu Beizhi was sincere, so he offered his long-term and carefully planned strategy in Longzhong. Liu Bei said happily: "There is Kong Ming in the lonely, and there is water in the fish." In order to repay the kindness of the encounter, Zhuge Liang then "went out of the mountain" to assist Liu Bei, and since then he has stepped onto the political stage, and in his 27-year career as prime minister, he "did his best and died".
In July of the thirteenth year of Jian'an (208 AD), after Cao Cao was roughly stabilized in the north, he waved his army south, defeated Liu Bei at Changhanpo in Dangyang, and went down the river in an attempt to sweep Jiangdong in one fell swoop. Zhuge Liang judged the situation and advocated joining forces with Sun to resist Cao, and went to Chaisang to persuade Sun Quan. Sun Quan was impressed, formed an alliance with it on the spot, and ordered Zhou Yu and others to lead 30,000 naval troops, unite with Liu Bei, and defeat Cao's army in Chibi, which is the famous "Battle of Chibi" in history. In the twenty-sixth year of Jian'an, Zhuge Liang assisted Liu Bei to proclaim himself emperor in Chengdu, formally established the Shu Han regime, and personally served as prime minister.
In the third year of Zhang Wu (223 AD), Liu Bei entrusted his son Liu Chan to Zhuge Liang on his deathbed. Since then, "no matter how big or small the political affairs are, the saltiness is determined by the brightness". In terms of managing internal affairs, Zhuge Liang implemented many measures: alleviating exploitation, implementing tuntian, restoring and developing agriculture, selecting and promoting talents, strengthening the legal system, distinguishing rewards and punishments, and strictly enforcing military discipline to never disturb the people. In order to eliminate the estrangement and contradictions between many ethnic minorities in Nanzhong, in the third year of Jianxing (225 AD), Zhuge Liang personally led the army to the south, and captured Meng Shu, the leader of the seven ethnic minorities, so that he was happy and convinced, and he was safe and sound from then on. In the fifth year of Jianxing (227 AD), Zhuge Liang prepared for the northern expedition to Cao Wei and unify the whole country. Before leaving, he wrote a famous "Departure Table", asking the latter to allow him to "command the three armies and set the Central Plains in the north". Since the spring of the following year, Zhuge Liang has led the army to attack Wei five times and six out of Qishan.
For the last time, the army was stationed in Wuzhangyuan on the south bank of Weishui, and held with the Wei general Sima Yi for more than 100 days. In August of the twelfth year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang finally became ill due to overwork and died of illness in Wuzhangyuan. Later generations praised Zhuge Liang as the most able to "help the people in danger", and he "guarded himself very uprightly and set an example". "Xiangyang Ji" cloud: "Liang Chu died, where each sought to build a temple, the court did not listen to the courtesy, and the people sacrificed privately on Daomo because of the season." "Huanshui Continued Talk" recorded: "The people of Shu Valley are all crowned with silk scarves, which are said to be Zhuge public clothes, and those who live far away will not be removed later. Even the rival Wei general Sima Yi admired him and called him "the genius of the world". He is a well-known hero in the history of our country.
Although some people speculate that the "Book of Soldiers of Zhuge Liang" that has been handed down to this day may have been written by later generations in the name of Zhuge Liang, the theories of governing the country and the army involved in it still have important reference value today, and they are our right-hand man facing the new economic era.
The Book of Soldiers of Zhuge Liang has given people many inspirations, including the following four crystallizations of wisdom:
First, we must be good at understanding human nature. If a leader wants to win in a dangerous battle, he must be talented. Only by knowing the beauty and evil of talents, and knowing what they are on the outside, can they do what they want. So that the leader can still talk and laugh even in danger, and truly achieve the realm of strategizing and winning thousands of miles away.
Second, the employment of people should be "moral, all courtesy". As the commander in chief of the war, he must truly be noble but not arrogant, victorious but not arrogant, virtuous and able to go down, and rigid and tolerant. Only by setting an example and being strict with oneself can we inspire the enthusiasm of the whole army and defeat the enemy in the war.
Third, we must follow the advice and see it. As a ruler, we must deeply understand that "evil cannot be followed, and beauty cannot be reversed." If you follow the evil and go against the United States, your country will be in danger", so that you are not ashamed to ask questions and listen to the opinions of all sides with an open mind. Only in this way can we collect the effect of "the house leaks below, and the stop is above", otherwise it will "leak more than the top, and the bottom is unlivable", resulting in defeat and humiliation.
Fourth, the governance of the country is based on its foundation. The so-called "ben" here refers to conforming to the development of history, that is, to conform to the heavens, the earth, and people. Only by extensively practicing good governance, protecting the country and the people, and enabling all officials to perform their duties and abide by the law, can the people live and work in peace and contentment, and the world will be peaceful.
Throughout Chinese history, I am afraid that no one has been as charismatic and has so many fans as Zhuge Liang. What do you think of Zhuge Liang, welcome to the comment area**.