The demand for construction land is rising, but idle and inefficient land is "basking in the sun".
It is difficult to revitalize inefficient land, how to break it
At the end of 2023, Shandong's "land circle" fell two hammers. First, the channel is "new", and the land market in Shandong Province is running online, moving the transaction of the land secondary market from offline to online. Second, 8,875 acres of new construction land will be issued to reward counties with outstanding results in saving intensive land use. The two measures have clear goals: to accelerate the revitalization of "sleeping" resources and promote the rational circulation of land elements.
Under the rigid constraints of the three control lines of "cultivated land and permanent basic farmland", "ecological protection red line" and "urban development boundary", the model of urban development that once relied solely on land increment is no longer sustainable. High-quality development requires continuous improvement of total factor productivity, and for Shandong, the construction of a green, low-carbon and high-quality development pilot zone is accelerating, especially the contradiction between "inefficient" land use and "efficient" development.
It is necessary to develop inefficient land.
In a way, the land indicator is the "right to development".
Only with land can the project be "landed". With the rapid economic and social development, the demand for construction land is rising, while at the same time, the land resources available for development and use are decreasing, and the contradiction between land supply and demand is becoming increasingly prominent.
In fact, it's not really that there is no land. In some places, it is difficult to find new projects, and idle and inefficient land is "basking in the sun". The misallocation of resources restricts the high-quality development of the local economy.
Compared with Guangdong, Zhejiang and other coastal economic provinces, Shandong's land index is relatively sufficient. "But our characteristics or shortcomings are also very prominent, the construction land area is large, the intensity of land development is high, and the overall is relatively extensive. It is mainly manifested in the scattered layout of construction land, the utilization efficiency of industrial land is not high, and the development and utilization of underground space is still in its infancy. Fang Fang, a second-level researcher of the Natural Resources Development and Utilization Department of the Provincial Department of Natural Resources, introduced.
In the face of the current situation of idle and inefficient land, in recent years, Shandong has successively introduced a series of measures to revitalize and utilize. In particular, since 2017, policy documents such as the "Special Action Plan for the Revitalization and Utilization of Idle and Inefficient Land in Shandong Province", "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Disposal of Approved but Unsupplied and Idle Land", and "Opinions on Promoting the Redevelopment of Urban Inefficient Land" have been intensively promulgated. As of the end of November this year, the province has revitalized and utilized about 150,000 mu of idle and inefficient land, and the disposal rate ranks fourth in the country.
How to break the fear of difficulties.
The reporter interviewed at the grassroots level and found that compared with the new construction land, the revitalization of idle and inefficient land has the characteristics of large capital demand, complex interest relationships, and long cycle of revitalization. Due to factors such as policy adjustments, market changes, judicial seizures, and low retention costs, the enthusiasm of some places is not high.
In 2018, the Ministry of Natural Resources established a "linkage between stock increase" mechanism, which clarified the reward and punishment requirements for the effectiveness of the disposal of idle land in various localities. However, for inefficient land, the state has not yet established a reward and punishment mechanism. Therefore, in the process of revitalizing inefficient land, the fear of difficulties encountered is the most prominent.
This year, the Chinese courtyard of Linhu Community in Chengwu County was completed, and the first batch of owners were ushered in one after another. On the more than 220 acres of land under its feet, it was originally an urban village aquatic brigade with scattered layout and backward facilities, scattered with more than 1,000 villagers, and potholes can be seen everywhere, which is a typical low-efficiency land.
We adopt the mode of redevelopment of the first storage and transformation, and the demolished people can choose two resettlement compensation methods: monetary and property rights. Sun Jingyuan, director of the Chengwu County Natural Resources and Planning Bureau, introduced. Shi Jianping, secretary of the Party Committee of the ancient city community of Chengwu County, who participated in the whole process of revitalizing the plot, told reporters: "There are no complicated ownership disputes on this land, and the villagers here also have demands to improve the living environment, and the main contradiction that needs to be dealt with is demolition compensation and resettlement." In this case, ** provides appropriate compensation, and the revitalization is relatively smooth. ”
Last year, Chengwu County revitalized a total of 1,589 acres of urban inefficient land, and was rewarded with 530 acres of new construction land.
In practice, a variety of forms of revitalization have emerged in various places, such as the revitalization of the collection and storage, the revitalization of enterprises themselves, and the joint revitalization of enterprises and social capital. Among them, the first form of storage and revitalization is the main form. "So this time for the reward, the object of our incentive is the local government, and the real gold land index is directly given to the county, so that the revitalization of inefficient land and the new index reward are linked, and the motivation of the local government to revitalize the inefficient and overcome difficulties is stimulated. Li Xinge, deputy director of the Provincial Department of Natural Resources, said.
After vacating the cage, the emphasis is on "changing birds".
Revitalization is not a simple dismantling. The key to revitalizing inefficient land is in a "live" word.
Wangtai Street in Qingdao West Coast New Area was once a well-known textile machinery town in China. However, in the subsequent industrial development process, due to market saturation, technology iteration and other reasons, the pace of development of Wangtai slowed down, and it was once labeled as an "inefficient area".
Today, it has become a new industrial city of "core screen". In November 2022, the BOE Internet of Things Qingdao Base was officially put into operation, with a total investment of 81700 million yuan, covering an area of 809 acres, the revitalized inefficient land fully meets the demand for project land. Yang Jun, manager of the public affairs department of Qingdao BOE Optoelectronics Technology, told reporters: "The annual production capacity of the factory is 1500 million pieces, with an output value of about 10 billion yuan. At the same time, the original traditional high-quality textile machinery enterprises here have moved to the specialized and special new enterprise area to guide the transformation and upgrading of textile machinery enterprises.
It is understood that the main method of revitalizing inefficient land in Qingdao is to divide the inefficient area within the whole area, then delineate the unit and determine the project in the area, establish the "area-unit-project" transmission system, and implement the development and construction of the parcel-type and fragmented inefficient land in the "area" mode as a whole.
At the time of the introduction of the project, a number of industrial parks were planned and built in the inefficient area around Qingdao's 24 key industrial chains and characteristic professional parks, so as to realize the efficient and intensive utilization of inefficient land. Lv Hengliang, director of the Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning, told reporters that at present, emerging specialized parks such as virtual reality, new displays, and artificial intelligence have been implemented in the inefficient area, attracting more than 150 upstream and downstream industrial chain enterprises to station. On the basis of starting the development and construction of 10 key low-efficiency areas last year, Qingdao has added 10 new low-efficiency areas this year, implementing a total of 391 projects and completing an investment of more than 120 billion yuan.
Multiple forms of rewards to explore.
The redevelopment of inefficient land has a large upfront investment and a long income cycle. How to guide the active participation of enterprises and social capital requires the joint efforts of all parties.
To revitalize the use of inefficient land, we must first solve the problem of how to identify and evaluate inefficient land. At present, there is no clear standard for the identification of inefficient land in China, and the evaluation of inefficient land in various places is mostly measured by the economic benefits of the output of the land.
However, in different regions, different industries, and different stages of development, the identification of inefficient land should be different. At present, we are selecting some cities to explore, encouraging all localities to explore the establishment of evaluation standards for inefficient land use, taking into account the development level and industry differences in various regions, and giving local flexibility space. Duan Xiuming, director of the Natural Resources Development and Utilization Division of the Provincial Department of Natural Resources, said.
Judging from the 8,875 acres of new construction land indicators issued by our province this time, these indicators are not a big pie and an average score, but a reward gradient. "When we measure the effectiveness of the work of each conservation and intensive demonstration county, we deliberately add some 'change rate' indicators, such as the decline rate of the idle rate and the increase rate of the land supply rate, so that the counties with great efforts to revitalize inefficient land and save resources can really benefit. Yang Zhenyu, senior engineer of the Provincial Institute of Geological Sciences, said.
In addition to land index rewards, there are also a variety of reward forms to explore. It is understood that the Provincial Department of Natural Resources cooperated with the Ministry of Finance and Taxation to return the land value-added tax to the counties with outstanding results in the redevelopment of inefficient land, and the province has returned more than 60 million yuan of land value-added tax subsidies to 69 redevelopment projects. This year's LAT refund is in the process of docking.
In addition, Shandong will also increase the use of big data and other new-generation information technology to improve the accuracy and authority of land resource management. Li Xinge introduced that in the next step, Shandong will strengthen the interpretation, analysis and use of data, realize the transformation of land resources from layer management to three-dimensional space management, use information technology to assist decision-making, and improve the level of saving and intensive land use.
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