On December 12, 1979, South Korean Army Major General Chun Doo-hwan took advantage of the assassination of the former ** Park Chung-hee and the reshuffle of the core of the regime. The members, based in the Security Command and the 30th Garrison Regiment Commander's Office, instigated an elaborate plan for the rebellion, known today as the Double 12 Coup.
In 2023, Kim Sung-so's "1212: Seoul Spring has caused a whirlwind in South Korea, and a large number of characters related to the Double 12 coup in the movie have been restored one by one, as long as the camera stays for more than three seconds, there are corresponding characters in reality.
In this article, we will take a look back at the night of December 12, 1979 in Seoul, the people, and what happened to them after that.
General Jung Sang-ho (played by Lee Sung-min), the prototype character: General Jung Seung-he, then Chief of Staff of the Army.
After the assassination of Park Chung-hee, Admiral Chung Seung-hwa became the commander of the martial law command in accordance with the law, becoming the de facto supreme authority.
On December 12, 1979, Chun Doo-hwan, who was in charge of investigating Park Chung-hee's assassination, intended to take the opportunity to criminalize Chung Seung and Na Weaving, so without obtaining ** approval, he first sent his subordinates to Zheng Seung-hwan's official residence to arrest him (actually kidnapped), and before that, Chun Doo-hwan had already prepared a plan to seize power with high power, which was the beginning of the Double 12 coup.
After being kidnapped, Chung Seung-ho was tortured to extract a confession as an accomplice in Park Chung-hee's assassination case, and was sentenced to 10 years in prison in March 1980. Although Chun Doo-hwan pardoned him in 1981 in order to curry favor with **, he was deprived of the right to receive military pensions, and faced financial difficulties after being released from prison.
After South Korea entered the democratic reform, the South Korean Ministry of National Defense restored Chung Seung-ho and his military rank and returned his salary. After recovering his reputation, Chung Seung-hwa served as an adviser to the pro-democracy political party and passed away on June 12, 2002 at Yonsei University Hospital in Seoul at the age of 73.
Warrant Officer Kwon Hyung-jin (played by Lee Jun-hyuk), the prototype character: Captain Kim In-sun, then the head of the army chief of staff.
When the security headquarters** came to kidnap Zheng Shenghe, he was met without warning**, although he immediately picked up 16 rifles to fight back, but he was shot multiple times and finally escaped from the back door of the official residence and hid in the pond.
It was only two hours later that the residence sentry found him dying in the pond and took him to the hospital. At that time, he was shot five times in the head, spine, arm, and thigh, and after being rescued, he was saved by life, but the bullets located in the head and spine could not be removed.
Lieutenant General Min Seung-pei (played by Liu Chengzhu) prototype character: Lieutenant General Yoon Seung-min, then deputy chief of staff of the army.
After Zheng Shenghe was tied up on December 12, Yin Chengmin was automatically promoted to ** commander-in-chief in accordance with the law, and was responsible for suppressing the rebellion.
After learning the news, Yoon Seong-min immediately approached Jang Tae-hun, Jeong Jeon-joo and other generals to discuss and implement suppression countermeasures, which were handled appropriately at first, but later became indecisive because he was worried that North Korea would take advantage of the chaos to send troops, and naively thought that it could be resolved in a gentle way with the "Gentleman's Covenant". As time passed, the rebels continued to enlist other generals to expand the scope of their forces, and eventually reached a situation where they could not be suppressed. Although Yin Chengmin's indecision ended up hurting many people, it was a blessing in disguise for himself.
In order to reward his indecision, Chun Doo-hwan was promoted to the 23rd Minister of National Defense (1982 1986), and after his retirement, he was transferred to the positions of chairman of the Korea Petroleum Development Corporation, chairman of the Korea Fiber Association, and executive advisor of Hyundai Precision Industries. He passed away on November 6, 2017 at the age of 92.
Brigadier General Kim Joon-yeol (played by Kim Sung-yeong), archetypal character: General Kim Jin, then the military police supervisor of the ** army in South Korea.
Although Kim Jin-gi was born in the army non-commissioned officer school, he also has a master's degree in the business school of Korea University, and is a rare elite in the military circles. After Park Chung-hee was assassinated, he was appointed as the chief of security at the martial law headquarters, during which he reported to Chung Seung and the commander Chung Doo-hwan that he had overstepped his authority by monopolizing intelligence.
On the night of December 12, he was lured to a party at the restaurant in Yeonhee-dong with Jang Tae-hyun and Jung Jeon-ju, but he was cautious and left the restaurant's ** to the military police superintendent on duty in advance, so he received ** immediately after the rebellionUnfortunately, the military police force he could mobilize was too small to rescue Zheng Shenghe in the first place.
Kim Jin-gi persisted until the last moment in order to prevent the coup, and after Chun Doo-hwan successfully seized power, he voluntarily retired and went to the outlying islands to engage in aquaculture and fishing.
After Chun Doo-hwan fell, in order to curry favor with him, Roh Tae-woo** offered him a number of public utilities but he refused. It was not until Kim Yong-sam** that he was invited to serve as the chairman of the Korea Land Corporation. In 2006, Jin Jin Gene passed away from chronic diseases at the age of 74.
Major General Kong So-hyuk (played by Jung Man-sik), archetypal character: Major General Jung Joo-joo, then commander of the army's special operations, and a tragic figure of the times.
On the night of December 12, he was set up to go to Yeonhee-dong to attend a banquet with Jang Tae-hyun and Kim Jin-gi, and when he learned that there was a rebellion, he returned to the Special Operations Command to find that the 1st Air Special Brigade and the 3rd Field Battalion under his command had defected and were sending troops to Seoul to support Chun Doo-hwan.
Even so, Zheng Zhiju did not defect before the battle, but contacted Yin Hongji, the commander of the 9th Air Special Brigade who was not part of the Unity Association, and ordered him to immediately lead his troops to Gyeongbokgung Palace to kill the rebel generals. After receiving the information, Chun Doo-hwan first instructed Choi Se-chang, commander of the 3rd Field Battalion, to reroute to the Special Operations Command and arrest his superior, Chung Jeong-ju, and at the same time contacted the indecisive Deputy Chief of Staff Yoon Seong-min and proposed a "gentleman's covenant" for everyone to withdraw their troops together. Due to the lack of actual combat strength of the Special Operations Command, it was quickly broken by the 3rd Air Special Brigade.
On the other hand, Brigadier Yoon Hong-gi of the 9th Air Special Brigade received an order from Vice Minister Yoon Seong-min to stop sending troops to Gyeongbokgung PalaceHowever, Chun Doo-hwan's 1st Air Special Brigade drove straight into Gyeongbokgung Palace and assembled with the rebel forces in the city. After his abduction, he was taken to the Security Department to extract a confession, until he went into shock due to excessive bleeding from a gunshot wound, and was sent to the hospital for treatment**, where he was transferred to the reserve in January 1980, discharged in early March, and baptized as a Catholic in 1983.
In 1987, when the Chun Doo-hwan regime came to an end, Jung began to participate in social activitiesAfter the second-in-command of the rebellion, Lu Taiyu, was elected, Zheng Zhizhou also criticized Lu Taiyu many times on ** as the remnants of the single-minded society. But on October 16, 1988, Zheng Zhangzhou suddenly disappeared, and after 4 months, his body was found hanging from a tree in the mountains at the age of 74.
At that time, the investigation agency determined that Zheng Zhizhou was using real estate to help his nephew as a guarantee, but the business failed and his life was in trouble, and he finally chose to go to a dead end. But the problem is that Zheng Zhangzhou not only owns that property, and the Catholic doctrine does not allow self-termination, and the most important thing is that the place where the body was found belongs to the military control area, so more people believe that Zheng Zhangzhou was ***
Major Wu Zhenhao (played by Ding Hae-in), the prototype character: Major Kim Goro, then the head of the Secretary Office of the Army Special Operations Commander.
After the Special Operations Command was breached by the rebels, he resisted in the office with Commander Jung Joo, and finally was shot 6 times in the chest and abdomen, and died on the spot at the age of 35. After the incident, Kongoro's body was temporarily buried in the mountain behind the Special Operations Command, but after hearing about the gunfight, Jung Ho-yong, the successor commander of the Army's Special Operations, believed that Kimgoro had faithfully performed his duties as a soldier, so he decided to hold a funeral for him and arrange for him to be buried in the National Military Cemetery.
Major Kongoro's parents died of illness due to the impact of the loss of their sonHis wife, Bai Rongyu, who was already suffering from eye disease, deteriorated her eyesight to the point of complete blindness after learning the news of her husband's death and was kicked out of the military apartment.
In December 1990, Baek Rongyu filed a lawsuit against Chun Doo-hwan, Roh Tae-woo, Choi Se-chang and others, but it was shelved for unknown reasons, and the Ministry of National Defense posthumously awarded the rank of lieutenant colonel to Kim Goro in the same year. In June 1991, Bai Rongyu's body was found in the Buddhist monastery he ran, and the cause of death was finally determined to be a fall from the building.
In 2009, 48 members of the ruling and opposition Diet jointly proposed a proposal to posthumously award the Medal of Merit to the late Lieutenant Colonel Kingoro and establish a memorial monument, but it was rejected by all members of the Diet who were bent on understanding the background. In 2014, the residents' self-government committee in Kongoro's hometown raised its own funds to erect a bronze bust of him next to his alma mater, Gimhae Samsung Elementary School.
In 2022, the South Korean Ministry of National Defense officially changed the cause of Kim Go-lang's death from "death in the line of duty" to "death in the line of war".
Brigadier General Park Ki-hong (played by Jung Hyung-seok), archetypal character: General Yoon Hong, then the commander of the 9th Air Special Brigade.
Yoon Hong-gi was born in the Army Comprehensive School, which was founded after the outbreak of the Korean War to train a large number of officers in a short period of time, and in order to distinguish it from the regular officers who graduated from the Army Non-commissioned Officer School, the graduates of the Army Comprehensive School are called "Class A officers".
Unlike regular officers, who have the opportunity to be protected in the rear, Class A officers are born solely to go to the front. Because the death rate is extremely high, and there is no room to organize a fraternity to play a network game like ordinary cadets, there are very few people who can be promoted to the rank of general. It is also not uncommon for officers of the first class to look at each other unpleasantly with regular officers.
The 9th Air Special Brigade led by Yoon Hongji was the only suppressive force that was successfully dispatched that night, and it was adapted into the 8th Air Special Brigade in the movie. Due to the geographical advantage of the base's location, it should have been able to reach Gyeongbokgung Palace faster than the 1st and 3rd Air Special Brigades mobilized by the rebel army, and compared to the 30th Garrison Regiment by Chun Doo-hwan's side at that time, the 9th Air Special Brigade had an overwhelming military advantage, and it was bound to complete the beheading operation.
Unexpectedly, in the end, Yoon Hongji received an order to withdraw his troops from Vice Minister Yoon Chengmin, which led to a decisive turn in a military rebellion that could have been quelled.
After December 12, Yoon Hong-ki rotated to a number of positions, but because he did not adapt to the new **, he finally voluntarily retired in 1983 as the deputy chief of staff of the South Korea-US Joint Command, and took off the military uniform he had worn for 30 years.
In 1993, Roh Tae-woo's term ended, and South Korea's first literati ** Kim Yong-sam came to power.
In order to prevent the repetition of the history of the military seizure of power, Yin Hongji recruited 22 soldiers including Zheng Seung-ho and Jang Tae-jun, and prosecuted Chun Doo-hwan, Roh Tae-woo and 34 other rebel leaders with a background for rebellion. Although there was a lot of resistance in the process of filing the lawsuit, in the end, with the support of public opinion, he was forced to amend the special law, and in 1996, he successfully brought Chun Doo-hwan, Roh Tae-woo and other rebel generals to court.
Yin Hongji was afflicted by adenocarcinoma in his later years and died in 2013 at the age of 80.
Major General Lee Tae-sin (played by Zheng Yusheng), prototype character: Jang Tae-jun
Major General, then Commander of the Capital Garrison, graduated from the Army Comprehensive School.
After the assassination of Park Chung-hee, Chun Doo-hwan served as the head of the assassination investigation headquarters in accordance with martial law, and held the legal real power to monopolize all the intelligence assets of the stateThe martial law commander Jung Seung-ho was afraid of concentrating too much power on Chun Doo-hwan, so he appointed Jang Tae-jun, a first-class officer, as the commander of the capital security and garrison department to compete with Chun Doo-hwan's forces.
Zhang Taihuan's personality is upright and does not advance in oil and salt, and many times in his military career he has conflicts with the members of the "Yixinhui" who rely on his connections and ignore military regulations, and is the most troublesome character in the Yixinhui. On the day of the rebellion, he was tricked by Chun Doo-hwan into attending a banquet, so that he could not react immediately when the rebellion started.
After the rebellion, Jang Tae-hyun used all means to stalemate with the rebels until the last moment, including imposing a curfew and blocking 19 bridges over the Han River to prevent the rebels from entering SeoulEven if the 1st and 3rd Air Special Brigades of the renegade arrived at Gyeongbokgung Palace through the Gunju Bridge under the jurisdiction of the rebels, and formed an absolute advantage with Chun Doo-hwan's original forces, Jang Tae-hyun did not choose to give up.
In the movie, Lee Tae-sin gathered the remaining more than 100 troops and went to Gyeongbokgung Palace to arrest and replenish Jeon Dogwang, passing by Sejong-daero to look up at the bronze statue of Lee Sun-sin, which was built in 1968. At that moment, the image of Yi Tae-sin overlapped with the image of Yi Sun-sin using 13 small boats to resist the 300-ship fleet of the Japanese army.
However, the scene in which Lee Tae-sin sent troops to Gyeongbokgung Palace and confronted Chun Doo-gwang in front of Gwanghwamun Gate did not happen in reality.
Jang Tae-hwan did gather 100 soldiers and several tanks to prepare for the attack on Gyeongbokgung Palace, and instructed the artillery battalion deployed in the suburbs of Seoul to wait for orders, intending to destroy the security headquarters next to Gyeongbokgung Palace in one fell swoop to reverse the situation.
However, the artillery system at that time could not achieve a precise strike at the first shot, but had to adjust the coordinates by constantly firing artillery shells, which was tantamount to an indiscriminate artillery attack on Seoul. In the face of Jang Tae-jun's crazy order to burn all the jade, the non-commissioned officers under his command had an argument with Jang Tae-chun on the assembly ground.
Regarding this matter, Zhang Taijun said in his memoirs:
I've only been in office for 24 days, and I naively think they're really my soldiers. 」The dispute on the assembly ground did not last long, because it didn't take long for Zhang Taihuan to receive a ** from Defense Minister Wu Guoxiang, telling him: Stop!It's all over!」。
Jang Tae-hwan obeyed the military order to stop the crackdown, and was arrested by the security command that night, and after 45 days of interrogation, he was forcibly discharged, and during the reign of Chun Doo-hwan, he and his family have been living under ** surveillance.
Jang Tae-hun's father, who was indignant at his son's plight and drank every day, died of excessive drinking in April 1980Two years later, Jang Tae-hun's 21-year-old only son was admitted to Seoul National University with excellent grades, but a month after leaving home from Daegu to study in Seoul, he was found to have died mysteriously in the Daegu Valley.
Folk speculation is that Chun Doo-hwan has scruples about Jang Tae-hwan's excellent descendants, so he killed him.
Zhang Taijun, who has lost his loved ones in a short period of time, walked out of the pain through work with the encouragement of relatives and friends and lived an ordinary life. After democratization, he devoted himself to exposing Chun Doo-hwan**'s misdeeds, joined the Democratic Party in 2000 and was elected to the National Assembly, retiring at the end of his four-year term.
Zhang Taijun suffered from lung cancer in 2008 and died in 2010 at the age of 80His wife, who suffered from depression, ended her life in 2012 after leaving a suicide note.
Choi Han-gyu** (Jung Dong-hwan), archetypal character: Choi Gyu-ha**.
After the assassination of Park Chung-hee on October 26, 1979, Choi Gyu-ha acted as prime minister, and was elected as the 10th president of South Korea through an internal election on December 6 of the same year.
The people generally rated him as the weakest, no political ambition, and the most non-existent ** in South Korea. After Park Chung-hee's death, he gave up the opportunity to declare "national martial law" and imposed a "regional martial law" that excluded Jeju Island.
According to the martial law at that time, during the national martial law, he served as the supreme commander and had the right to command the three armed forces, but in the case of regional martial law, the Ministry of National Defense was responsible. Choi Gyu-ha, who was born as a civilian official, weakly evaded his responsibility to govern the country at this time, gave up the only opportunity to hold military power, and left the fate of the people to the military to decide.
Later, when confronted by Chun Doo-hwan, who held military power, Choi Gyu-ha appeared powerless to fight back, and Chun Doo-hwan forced him to sign a post-mortem agreement to arrest the chief of staff of the army, but all Choi Gyu-ha could do was to put time under his signature, so as to express that Chun Doo-hwan's arrest procedure of first cutting and then playing later was not legal.
Later, Choi Gyu-ha successively signed the agreement to Chun Doo-hwan to concurrently serve as the director of the ** Intelligence Bureau, so that all rights were legally concentrated in Chun Doo-hwan.
Minister of Defense Oh Kok-sang (Kim Eui-sung), prototype character: Minister of Defense Roh Jae-hyun, graduated from the 3rd class of the Army Military Academy, and became the 21st Minister of Defense of South Korea in 1977.
On the evening of December 12, Roh Jae-hyun, who was at the Defense Minister's Office, heard gunfire from the nearby Army Chief of Staff Residence, and immediately fled with his family without knowing what was happening.
After entrusting his family to his subordinates, he went to the B2 fort of the army headquarters to listen to the report. After learning about the situation, Roh Jae-hyun went to the South Korea-US Combined Forces Command to seek a solutionAfter the U.S. military showed that it had no intention of risking the risk of sending troops to mobilize the front-line troops, Roh Jae-hyun went to the Ministry of Defense to hide.
But as soon as the front foot arrived, the rebel army's 1st Air Special Brigade broke through the Ministry of Defense and captured Roh Jae-hyun, who was hiding in the basement corridor. In the movie, the setting of Roh Jae-hyun's Runaway Minister is a fact, but the order of hiding places has been revised.
After being arrested, Roh Jae-hyun decided to lean towards the rebel army, assisting Chun Doo-hwan in convincing Choi Gyu-ha** to approve the arrest of Army Chief of Staff Chung Seung-hwa and signing the petition, as well as calling the commander of the suppression army, Jang Tae-hun, to quell the incident.
After the incident, Roh Jae-hyun resigned as defense minister, but during the Chun Doo-hwan administration, Roh Jae-hyun successively served as the president of Korea General Chemical Industry Corporation, the president of the Korea Institute of Chemical Technology, the chairman of the Korea Fertilizer Industry Association and other fat cat positions in public enterprises, and his daughter was politically married to GS chaebol.
Roh Jae-hyun continued to hold key positions in political groups after democratization, and finally died naturally in 2019 at the age of 93, living a long and happy life.
Colonel Zhang Minji (played by An Shihao), the prototype character: Colonel Zhang Shidong, then the commander of the 30th Garrison Regiment of the Capital Garrison Command (adapted into the 26th Garrison Corps in the movie).
The first general to defect under General Jang Tae-jun, because of the geographical advantage, the 30th Garrison Corps stationed around Gyeongbokgung Palace directly became the first batch of guards of Jeon Doo-hwan, and the regiment command room instantly became a mutiny command post.
After Chun Doo-hwan successfully seized power, he successively appointed Jang Shi-dong as the head of the Blue House Guard Office and the head of the planning department, and in 1987 Park Jong-chul was waterboarded to death, Jang Se-dong was promoted by Chun Doo-hwan for the first time to be resented by civilians, but Jang Se-dong was willing to shoulder all the guilt and did a few years in prison to keep Doo-hwan safe.
In 1997, he was sentenced to three and a half years in prison for his involvement in the Double 12 coup d'état and the 518 incident, and was pardoned in 1997. After that, he tried to unite with Chun Doo-hwan's faction to enter ** many times, but because his image as Chun Doo-hwan's most loyal lackey was deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, he was defeated every time.
Perhaps there is still a trace of conscience and guilt, Zhang Shidong is the only one among the backbone of Quan Douhuan** who attended the funeral of General Zhang Taihuan. Aged 87.
Brigadier General Kim Chang-se-se (Kim Sung-woo), archetypal character: Brigadier General Choi Se-chang, a member of the 13th Ichshin Club of the Military Non-commissioned Officer School, Chun Doo-hwan's direct military lineage, was the commander of the 3rd Air Special Brigade (adapted as the 4th Air Special Brigade in the movie).
In 1212 During the military rebellion, Chun Doo-hwan instructed that he sent troops to the special operations headquarters and shot at his commander Jung G-joo, who was the only mutinous soldier in the whole incident who pointed his gun at his direct commander. During his administration, Chun Doo-hwan served as the president of the Korea Mining Promotion Corporation and the minister of national defense.
In 1997, he was brought before the court under Special Law 518 and sentenced to five years in prison on suspicion of participating in the planning of the rebellion and attempting to kill his superiors, but was pardoned on August 15, 1998. On December 12, 2019, he was seen celebrating the 40th anniversary of the rebellion with Chun Doo-hwan in a high-end restaurant, and in 2021, he served as a member of Chun Doo-hwan's funeral committee, and is now 89 years old.
Brigadier General Do Hee-cheol (played by Choi Byung-mo), archetypal character: Brigadier General Park Hee-do, then the commander of the 1st Air Special Brigade (adapted into the 2nd Air Special Brigade in the movie), and a member of the 12th session of the Army Non-commissioned Officer School.
On the night of December 12, Do Hee-cheol was immediately summoned by Chun Doo-hwan to the 30th Garrison Regiment Commander's Office to participate in the coup.
Since Choi Gyu-ha** insisted on meeting the Minister of Defense at that time before he was willing to sign the arrest of Chung Seung-ho, Chun Doo-hwan asked Park Hee-do's 1st Air Special Brigade to enter Seoul, take control of the Ministry of Defense and the Army Headquarters, capture Defense Minister Roh Jae-hyun alive and assemble with the 30th Garrison Regiment.
And the 1st Air Special Brigade did accidentally find the runaway Roh Jae-hyun in the Ministry of National Defense and found the last piece of the puzzle to complete the coup.
In 1985, Park Hee-do was promoted to chief of staff of the army, and in 1987, he even ordered the army to vote for Roh Tae-woo unconditionally. He retired from the army in June 1988 and entered politics, but never won a single election.
In 1996, Kim Yong-sam ** Tongguo 518 Special Law liquidated the criminal responsibility of the relevant personnel, Park Hee-do fled to the United States during the investigation, and at the end of 1997, after Kim Yong-sam announced that he would pardon the participants of the rebellion, Park Hee-do returned to China in 1998 and turned himself in. He is now active in far-right groups and is now 89 years old.
Colonel Ha Chang Shou (played by Hong Shujun), archetypal character: Colonel Xu Sanshou, the 17th phase of the Army Non-commissioned Officer School, was the head of the personnel department of the Security Command at the time.
Ha Chang-shou was one of the people who carried out the kidnapping operation on December 12. During the coup, the Special Operations Command was instructed to return the body of the dead Gingoro to his relatives in a low-key manner without making a public announcement. He was dissatisfied with the insistence of the successor special operations commander Jung Ho-yong on holding the funeral, but Jung Ho-yong and Chun Doo-hwan were both founding members of the Ilshin Association, so Heo Sam-shou did not dare to hold him accountable.
After the Gwangju Incident in 518, Heo Sam-shou was ordered to set up the Samcheong Education Team, which was nominally an educational institution for rogue people, but it also became a concentration camp for dissidents, and those who joined the team, regardless of gender, were subjected to inhumane treatment.
Chun Doo-hwan was appointed chief secretary of the Blue House after taking office, but two years later he had a disagreement with Chun Doo-hwan, so he was sent to the United States for academic training. In 1987, he was invited by Roh Tae-woo to return to China to pursue political careers, and in 1992 he was elected to the National Assembly. In 1996, he was sent to court under the 518 Special Law and sentenced to 6 years in prison, and the following year he was pardoned by Kim Yong-sam**, at the age of 87.
Colonel Moon Il-pyeong (played by Park Xun), archetypal character: Major Xu Heping, the 17th phase of the Army Non-commissioned Officer School.
Moon Il-pyong served as the head of the secretary of the security commander, one of the planners of the rebellion, and a confidant of Chun Doo-hwan. After Chun Doo-hwan took office, he created the position of assistant secretary in the secretary office in the Blue House, which did not exist, but two years later, he and Xu Sanshou had a disagreement with Chun Doo-hwan for the same reason, and they were sent to the United States for further study.
Major General Roh Tae-kyun (played by Park Hae-joon), the prototype character: Major General Roh Tae-woo, who was the commander of the 9th Infantry Division at the time, was the 11th student of the Army Non-commissioned Officer School with Chun Doo-hwan, and a backbone member of the Yixin Association.
Roh Tae-kin was the second-in-command of the rebellion who fully supported Chun Doo-hwan. After the end of the rebellion, he successively served as commander-in-chief of the Capital Defense Command and the Security Command. Roh Tae-woo turned to ** after Chun Doo-hwan took office, and served as Minister of the Interior, **Special Envoy and many other important positions. In 1987, Chun Doo-hwan's term of office came to an end, and Roh Tae-woo was ordered**;This coincided with the June Movement in South Korea, a year before the 1988 Seoul Olympics.
Under the pressure of the international community, Roh Tae-woo had to start democratic reforms in South Korea and resume direct national elections.
After being elected, Roh Tae-woo did not continue the strongman line of Park Chung-hee and Chun Doo-hwan, but changed to a persona who was close to the people, emphasizing that he was an ordinary person. During his tenure in office, Roh Tae-woo began to communicate with the opposition parties, put forward goodwill policies toward neighboring countries, and reduced geopolitical tensions; in addition, in the era of economic take-off in which "pigs can fly to the sky while standing on the cusp of the wind," South Korea's implementation of financial reforms has greatly improved its economic situation, and many people who have enjoyed the dividends of the times believe that Roh Tae-woo's merits and demerits for South Korea's development should be re-evaluated.
In 2002, he was diagnosed with prostate cancer and cerebellar atrophy and other diseases, and since 2007, he has not appeared in public, and his health has deteriorated to the point where he is unable to move, and can only communicate his meaning by blinking. In 2019, Roh Tae-woo's family issued a letter of apology for the 518 incident in the name of Roh Tae-woo, and two years later, on October 26, 2021, Roh Tae-woo died of illness at the age of 88.
Major General Chun Doo-gwang (played by Hwang Hyun-min), archetypal character: Major General Chun Doo-hwan, the 11th phase of the Army Non-commissioned Officer School, formed a fellow villager association called the Five Star Society with Lu Taiyu and other students from the Lingnan region during his studies, that is, the predecessor of the Yixinhui.
On May 16, 1961, when the former ** Park Chung-hee launched a military coup to seize power, and was worried that others would question the legitimacy of his administration, the next day Chun Doo-hwan led the members of the Single-Heart Association to confess his sincerity to Park Chung-hee, and even mobilized the students of the Army Non-commissioned Officer School to march on the streets to celebrate, which made Park Chung-hee's heart happy.
Since then, Chun Doo-hwan has been reused by Park Chung-hee, and has been promoted all the way to the commander of the security headquarters who was "crying water will freeze" at that time.
At that time, the Security Command Department could easily criminalize Luo Weaving in the name of "anti-espionage", and after Park Chung-hee was assassinated, Chun Doo-hwan served as the head of the Investigation Department in accordance with the law, further expanding his scope of authority.
When Chun Doo-hwan was investigating the assassination case, he unscrupulously summoned the military police, the prosecutor, and the ** of the Public Security Headquarters to the Security Headquarters for tea;On the one hand, he held the head of state accountable for the assassination, and on the other hand, he bought people's hearts and minds with money, and expanded his faction through threats and inducements.
Zheng Shenghe, who was the commander of martial law at the time, in order to prevent Chun Doo-hwan from becoming a warlord who supported his own troops, first appointed Jang Tae-hwan as the commander of the capital defense to maintain the stability of the capitalAt the same time, it is planned to transfer the members of the Yixin Association, who occupy important posts in the army, one by one. However, this plan was mastered by Chun Doo-hwan through the surveillance network of the security headquarters, so Chung Seung-ho took a step forward and followed Park Chung-hee in launching a military rebellion.
After the rebellion succeeded, Chun Doo-hwan recruited the New Army Department (which included members of the Ilshin Society) to take a group photo, and sang "Wandering Poets" at the celebration banquet, which was faithfully presented in the movie "Seoul Spring". After that, the Korean people's seven-year struggle for democracy began.
At this time, South Korea was preparing to hold the 1988 Seoul Olympics, and the social movement among the people became the focus of the international community.
After Lu Taiyu came to power, he was forced to carry out democratic reforms, and even arrested many ** relatives in the Quan Doo-hwan family, but Quan Doo-hwan himself relied on Lu Tae-woo and the single-minded connections distributed in the military and political circles, and it can almost be said that he retreated wholeheartedly, and hid in the deep mountain monastery in the name of introspection(Korean drama "Please Answer 1988" Zheng Feng happened to meet the bald head).
It wasn't until the first literati ** Kim Yong-sam came to power that truth investigation committees for various incidents were set up one after another that Chun Doo-hwan had the opportunity to hold Chun Doo-hwan accountable.
In 1996, Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-wooHand in handHe was finally sentenced to life imprisonment and the recovery of 220.5 billion won of ill-gotten gains on charges of military rebellion, civil strife, and ** governor. In 1997, in order to avoid the intensification of social contradictions, Kim Yong-sam** announced an amnesty for Chun Doo-hwan and many other people involved, but deprived Chun Doo-hwan of the courtesy of stepping down as head of state, and only kept the security personnel.
In 2017, he published a memoir, in which he still referred to the Double 12 coup as a glorious revolution, the 518 incident as the suppression of reactionaries, and the bereaved family of the 518 incident as ** This kind of behavior of treating the people's pain as a personal cause has once again ignited the anger of the people.
In the same year, Chun Doo-hwan's memoirs were banned by the court, and in 2018, the bereaved family of the 518 incident named ** by Chun Doo-hwan filed a lawsuit against him, and in 2019, the Gwangju District Court formally sued Chun Doo-hwan.
Chun Doo-hwan refused to appear in court many times on the grounds of suffering from Parkinson's, but he was always photographed by ** jumping around, and it was rare to appear in court and choke with ** crowds on the road, and even celebrated the 40th anniversary of the rebellion with his former subordinates in a high-end restaurant on December 12, 2019.
With these absurd images one by one, the people realized that this bald guy really had no sense of guilt, and it was impossible for him to really reflect on it in his life.
The chairman of the opposition party found out that Chun Doo-hwan and the cadres of the New Army were suspected of celebrating the 40th anniversary of the mutiny in a high-end restaurant
On August 9, 2021, Chun Doo-hwan appeared in court at the Gwangju District Court, and reporters found that Chun Doo-hwan's appearance was rapidly aging, and he was later confirmed to have blood cancer. In the months that followed, Chun Doo-hwan's health deteriorated rapidly, and on November 23, 2021, he was found dead in his home bathroom at the age of 90. Compared with Roh Tae-woo, who has been tortured by more than 10 years of illness, Chun Doo-hwan can be said to have drawn an end to his life without experiencing too much pain.
After his death, Chun Doo-hwan still owed 92.2 billion fines and illegal gains that had not been paid, and he never apologized for his crimes before his death.
In 2023, the family originally planned to follow Chun Doo-hwan's last wish and bury his ashes in Paju, but with the release of "1212: The popularity of the movie "Seoul Spring" once again evoked people's memories of this **, and a number of non-governmental organizations in Paju held a joint press conference, saying that the butcher was not welcome to be buried on any piece of land in Paju, and the landlord of the cemetery also canceled the transaction, and Chun Doo-hwan's ashes continued to be placed in his home in Seoul.