Author: Leap Tai Chi String · Thousand-foot green pine*** 100 help planA "historical book" by Yi, a famous Internet celebrity professor of "history", was removed from the shelves one day.
The water behind this matter is very deep, and it is really not simple!
Some readers think that as a history book, it has too many commentariesThere are too many elements of personal judgment, more like an essay or a literary work than a historical work. Taking "Twenty-Four History" as an example, in the entire article of "Twenty-four History", the content of the comments is very small, and more is to put the historical materials here, giving everyone a space for open thinking, and at the same time appropriately integrating their own views into it. For example, when Liu Bang suddenly learned that Empress Lu had killed Han Xin, he used a sentence called "joy and pity". You see, he was happy at first, and then he felt that it was a pity that this man had died. And in just a few words, Liu Bang's state jumped on the page, and the author didn't seem to express anything, and it was all silent.
Write history, without too many comments. And Yi's "history book" expresses too many iron-clad or personal opinions. Therefore, many scholars, including readers, think that after reading this set of books, what you get is not the true historical evidence, but the personal view of history.
There are also some scholars and readers who believe that if you are accustomed to historical works under personal namesWhat you should write is the original one obtained by collecting materials by yourself, and it should not be the integration of the materials of Chinese history into your own historical works, which is not writing history, but compiling history, and it should not be called a certain history, but should be called a review of such and such a history, which seems to be more appropriate.
Of course, the two sides are fighting over the Internet, but it's just an academic battle.
But why was this book taken off the shelves?This cannot be seen in isolation from this work. Recently, there are still two things in the field of historiography that can be looked at together, which is more helpful for us to find the truth of the matter.
One thing isA book written by the famous archaeologist Xu is called "The Earliest Empire". When the sample book has already come out, it was actually stopped.
One more thingMany people are more concerned that "History of the Qing Dynasty" actually did not pass the review.
Connecting these three things will help us find the real logic behind them.
For Yi's book, the opening paragraph describes Chinese mythology and puts forward some very unconventional and even prostrated points of view. For example, Nuwa is the homonym of frog, which is a kind of ancestor worship by Chinese. This is the same as what Gu Jiegang once said, Dayu is a worm. Then Yi put forward another point of view, saying that Nuwa was actually Eve's girlhood. In other words, Nuwa's predecessor was Eve in the West, and this view is more controversial in academic circles.
A historian once said very seriously, "When I was a graduate student in historyMy mentor told me to have a sense of reverence for Chinese history. This is the only history in the world that has not been interrupted for thousands of years. We must have evidence and reverence for every sentence we write. ”
Although eye-catching but extremely frivolous approach,Obviously, it is very different from the style of Chinese historical scholars. Of course, in academics, we encourage bold innovation and imagination, but Yi's point of view is not only a matter of bold assumptions and over-imagination, but also a deeper problem.
Eve is a myth and legend in the BibleAlthough Nuwa is regarded as a myth today, in ancient China, it was actually described as a historical fact. If you accept this bold assumption, you attribute the origins of Chinese history to Western religious ideals. Behind this is a great deal of cultural attachment and emasculation of Chinese history.
Some people may wonder if this is a big fuss. If you look at the "General History of the World" compiled by the West, China is only a small part of it. When you agree with this global view of history, you will find that China is nothing more than an ordinary and small civilization in East Asia in world history, and even without China has little influence on the world. When a group of our scholars have accepted this view of history for a long time, your perception of current China will also be consciously subordinate to this system.
If this is a historical fact, we should have the courage to admit it, but this is completely a fabrication of the West!From the perspective of global history, before the Renaissance, Europe did not have the concept of history at all for more than 1,000 years. It is precisely because of the breaking of dynasties that other ancient civilizations in the world still add an ancient character. Like ancient Egypt, ancient Babylon, and even ancient Greece and Rome, but there is no ancient China. Why?Only China is consistent.
Is such a unique, continuous, ancient civilization just in a corner of the country?Nope!
Yi someone's book, at the beginning, also directly spread local rumorsChinese civilization has a history of only 3,700 years. This is also the standard given by the West. The history of China, which is recognized by the West, is only more than 3,000 years. Behind this incident, it is still a question of who will judge the historical standard.
There is now a widely circulated Western standard for judging civilization:First, there are bronzes;Second, there are cities;Third, there is writing. But these three points are not the only criteria by which civilization is judged in the world. The 5,000-year-old Liangzhu civilization has been officially recognized around the world, but many scholars in China still view Chinese history by outdated Western standards. The Harvard History of China, which is admired by many people, was written from the Qin and Han dynasties, and was not recorded in the Shang and Zhou dynastiesAnd the "Cambridge History of China" also reluctantly recognized the Shang Dynasty, and did not recognize the Xia Dynasty.
Qingsong wants to say that the Western-dominated view of history has had too much influence on China's historiography. The title of Xu's unpublished book is called "The Earliest Empire", which also began with the Shang Dynasty, which is equivalent to a direct denial of the existence of the Xia Dynasty. The recognition of this period of history is of great justice in the field of historiography. With the archaeological discoveries, more and more scholars are acknowledging the existence of the Xia Dynasty. Of course, there are also some people who still cling to the outdated judgments and prejudices of Western society about Chinese history.
Xu has some controversial statements in the book "The Earliest Empire". For example, the carriages of the Yin Shang came from Central Asia and even from ancient Egypt, which is also a view that some scholars sharply oppose. During the Shang Dynasty, when there was not so much communication between the East and the West, there was no complete chain of evidence for the carriage to pass from ancient Egypt to China. And it should also be questioned whether ancient Egypt and Central Asia had horse-drawn carriages so early. The writings of Western scholars cannot be copied in their entirety.
There is also a major point of controversy in the book "The First Empire".It was Xu someone who used a word called colonization. The term is too modern to be used in the context of warfare between tribes in ancient China, and it is completely incapable of describing historical facts. Because China is a complete aboriginal country, it is completely incompatible with the West's continuous migration to the five continents during the Age of Discovery, and the occupation of all the resources and population of the local aborigines. Some scholars have pointed out very seriously that if Chinese historiography generally accepts the concept of colonization to describe ancient Chinese history, it is a disguised admission that the West has no original sin in colonization, which is a common phenomenon of mankind. At a deeper level, it is not only inconsistent with historical facts, but also brings great confusion to future generations.
The debate in the historiographical circles over whether to adopt too many Western standards has continued to the judgment of Qing history. What is the fundamental reason why the "History of the Qing Dynasty" has not been reviewed?It is because it is too influenced by the Western view of new history.
The New Youth History School basically began to emerge in the nineties of the last century, and the banner figure of this school is called Ke Jiaoyan. She is said to have spoken seven languages, including Manchu. In his scholarly writings, he quoted extensively on the history of the Manchu language at that time. The overall view of history of this school emphasizes the perspective of the independence of the Manchu and Mongolian ethnic groups in Chinese history. This is also a relatively large and vicious influence caused by this school.
In Chinese history, it has always been emphasized to look at the whole history from the viewpoint of the unification of the whole world, and Western scholars generally agree with this "great unification" view of history. Western scholars view the history of Chinese mainland, including neighboring countries such as Japan, North Korea, and South Korea, from the perspective of homogeneity of civilization. This is quite consistent with China's view of history. Therefore, the mononationalist view of the New Qing School of History has not been widely recognized internationally.
However, with the continuous academic exchanges between a large number of Chinese scholars and North America, they have been **,Some people have turned this fragmented garbage view into a kind of manifest science, which has been disseminated in the domestic academic circles, so that now it has a very big impact. From this point of view, China, like the Ottoman Turkish Empire, quickly became a multitude of nation-states as soon as the empire was dissolved. However, the cohesion of Chinese civilization has restored the form of a multi-ethnic state in history. After the collapse of the Qing Dynasty, the Chinese nation was still able to form a multi-ethnic and pluralistic national system of the Chinese nation by relying on the continuation of its ancient civilization.
In the eyes of some Western scholars, this is different from the trend of the world. However, he just ignored the fact that Chinese civilization already had the concept of the unification of the world during the Zhou Dynasty, and included the nation under a civilization and state system.
Summarizing the above academic collision views, we can draw a clear vein that with the recovery of China's national strength, it is unlikely that it will continue to tell China's story with Western-centric discourse in terms of history and culture.
Sometimes what some people call independent thinking is actually the process of others transplanting their thoughts into your brain after they have been cleverly packaged.
In Qingsong's view, this is called: colonization!