Patriotism is the heart and soul of the Chinese nation, the most important spiritual gene of the Chinese nation, and the most precious spiritual wealth of the Chinese civilization. The Patriotic Education Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Patriotic Education Law), which will come into effect on January 1, 2024, provides an important legal guarantee for strengthening patriotic education in the new era and inheriting and promoting the spirit of patriotism.
Patriotic education is a systematic project that consolidates the foundation and cultivates the yuan, and concentrates the heart and soul. The Patriotic Education Law clarifies that the state will incorporate patriotic education into the national education system, and at the same time makes relevant provisions on the duties of patriotic education that should be performed by the education administrative departments and all types of schools at all levels, and puts forward the goals and requirements for the school education system to carry out in-depth, lasting, and vivid patriotic education, and clarifies the direction and tasks.
Consolidate the foundation of patriotic education.
The Patriotic Education Law stipulates that schools at all levels and of all types shall carry out patriotic education throughout the entire process of school education, do a good job in running and teaching ideological and political theory courses, and integrate the content of patriotic education into all kinds of subjects and teaching materials.
To this end, it is first necessary to permeate the entire process of school education with the spirit of patriotism in accordance with state regulations. Integrate the discipline system, teaching system, textbook system, and management system, promote patriotic education into the classroom, into the teaching materials, and into the mind, integrate patriotic education into the teaching of each course, adhere to the systematic education model of all staff and the whole process, enhance students' patriotic emotional experience, guide students to forge a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation, and let the spirit of patriotism take root in the hearts of students.
Second, ideological and political theory courses are the main front of patriotic education. To promote the integration of ideological and political courses in primary and secondary schools, on the one hand, it is necessary to fully integrate the physical and mental development level and cognitive thinking characteristics of young students at different stages, and carry out education on the theme of patriotism in a targeted manner. For example, the middle school years focus on developing students' rational understanding. Patriotic feelings can be stimulated among middle school students by organizing speech contests and knowledge contests on patriotism. The university level focuses on guiding students to carry out the practice of patriotic education. Through summer social practice and other methods, students can be encouraged to transform patriotic feelings into practical actions. On the other hand, it is also necessary to constantly update the teaching methods of patriotic education according to the characteristics of students, such as making full use of vivid and vivid methods such as first-class materials, classroom discussions, and student displays on patriotic themes, so as to enhance students' sense of participation and substitution, and deepen students' understanding and awareness of patriotism.
Finally, it is necessary to establish a linkage mechanism for courses related to patriotic education in accordance with state regulations. Develop school-based curriculum textbooks on the theme of patriotic education, and fully explore the elements of patriotic education contained in various disciplines and the functions of patriotic education carried by them. For example, in Chinese classes, students should be guided to further enhance their patriotic feelings by depicting the mountains and rivers of the motherland, praising heroes, tasting beautiful language, and analyzing ideological content in combination with the characteristics of Chinese subjects. In history classes, the teaching of the history of the Party, the history of New China, the history of reform and opening up, the history of socialist development, and the history of the development of the Chinese nation should be strengthened, and fresh materials such as patriotic stories should be organically integrated to stimulate students' feelings for the family and country. In the art class, students can be guided to love the excellent traditional Chinese culture and the great rivers and mountains of the motherland more by combining local cultural resources, with the help of excellent art works, and connecting with life experience.
Enrich the carriers of patriotic education.
The Patriotic Education Law stipulates that schools at all levels and of all types shall combine classroom teaching with extracurricular practice and experience, and integrate the content of patriotic education into the construction of campus culture and various theme activities of the school. It can be seen that patriotic education needs to use the power of school culture to cultivate patriotic feelings and improve the quality of patriotism. School culture is the aggregate of beliefs, language, rituals and environment recognized by all members of the school, and is composed of spiritual culture, institutional culture, behavioral culture and material culture. Among them, behavioral culture is the activity culture generated by the school in the process of education and teaching practice, which can be decomposed into people's behavior patterns, activities or rituals, school characteristic projects, etc. Material culture refers to the surface culture of the school created by the school members in the process of education and teaching practice, such as school buildings, campus landscapes and cultural facilities. Behavioral culture and material culture, as a rich resource for the combination of dynamic and static school culture, are a powerful starting point for carrying out patriotic education, and provide important support for further enriching the carrier of patriotic education.
In terms of school behavior and culture, schools can organize a variety of cultural activities, create a variety of cultural ceremonies, and select appropriate patriotic education resources for students at different stages of physical and mental development, so as to guide students to gain a rational understanding and recognition of patriotism, and enhance the convincing and appealing power of patriotic education. For example, the school can regularly hold learning lectures, literary evenings, speech contests, red song competitions, recitation competitions with the theme of patriotism education, hold theme class meetings, party and league day activities, interesting sports meetings and reading of red classics, red exhibitions, and organize students to visit and study in patriotic education bases, museums, memorial halls and other places, etc., and can also set up club activities that highlight the excellent traditional Chinese culture and socialist core values, such as embroidery, calligraphy, classical poetry singing, Traditional costume performances and ancient sports games. In addition, the school can also take advantage of some major anniversaries to hold ritual-filled commemorative activities, such as May Fourth Youth Day, National Day, 129 Movement Memorial Day, etc., and with the help of daily ceremonial activities such as raising the national flag and singing the national anthem, students can cultivate patriotic feelings and practice the spirit of patriotism in the process of "embodied experience".
In terms of the material culture of the school, the school should reasonably design the architectural landscape of the campus, such as cultural walls, campus propaganda columns, campus cultural squares, libraries, buildings and roads, etc., and deeply integrate the concept of patriotism into it. Especially in the design of cultural walls, libraries and other buildings, schools should consider the integration of historical traditions, regional characteristics, school-running characteristics, patriotism and other elements, and at the same time absorb the ideological essence of China's excellent traditional culture and socialist core values, highlight the pursuit of patriotic values in vivid and artistic forms, and enrich the content of patriotic education, so as to have a subtle and silent impact on teachers and students, and promote the internalization and sublimation of patriotic education.
Form a joint force for patriotic education.
The general secretary stressed that the family, the school, and the society all have the responsibility to run education well. The Patriotic Education Law stipulates that patriotic education adheres to the leadership of the Communist Party of China and improves the work pattern of unified leadership, joint management, participation and joint advancement of all parties. Patriotic education is a systematic project, which needs to be coordinated to promote the education forces of schools, families, and society to form a joint force of patriotic education.
Family is the first school of life, and parents are the first teachers of children. Guided by the core socialist values, we should explore the establishment of institutional mechanisms for family patriotism education, and promote the formation of a new trend of socialist family civilization that loves the country and the family, is upward and benevolent, and is jointly built and shared. It is necessary to give full play to the unique advantages of close ties between schools and families, and guide all localities to coordinate home-school communication mechanisms such as parent committees, parent schools, home visits, parent open days, home-school network exchange platforms, and parent-child practice activitiesStrengthen professional support for family education, publicize scientific methods of family education, guide parents to implement the provisions of the Patriotic Education Law, integrate love for the motherland into family education, guide parents to actively support and cooperate with schools in carrying out patriotic education and teaching activities, guide and encourage children to participate in patriotic education and social activities, pay attention to children's ideological status and moral growth, and cultivate feelings for family and country from an early age.
Society is a big front for building a "classroom outside the school" of patriotic education. It is necessary to attach importance to the tremendous influence of society in the education of young people, carry forward the culture of patriotism, create an atmosphere of nationalism, and form an upsurge of nationalist activities among the masses. Educational administrative departments at all levels should take the initiative to contact the region's publicity, comprehensive management, public security, justice, civil affairs, culture, health, Communist Youth League, women's federation, The work committee and other departments and organizations have established a departmental linkage mechanism, actively mobilized resources from all parties in society, built a platform for social education, realized the co-construction and sharing of patriotic education resources, further purified the surrounding environment of the campus, created a good social atmosphere for students' growth, enriched and expanded the field of extracurricular practice of patriotic education, and guided the majority of students to enhance their patriotic feelings in the interaction and integration inside and outside the school, and put the spirit of patriotism into practice in daily life, so as to effectively improve the practical effectiveness of patriotic education.
Author: Li Yang The unit is the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences, and this paper is the result of the special funding of the basic scientific research business fund of the first level public welfare scientific research institute of the academy "** important discourse research on education modernization" [GYJ2023002]).