The Ming Dynasty was a glorious and complex period in Chinese history, as evidenced by its great strength"No affiliation, no tribute, no vassals, no land"of tenacious stands. However, the Ming Dynasty's territory was constantly changing, and it gradually lost many territories, and this history makes people wonder. Let's revisit the process of losing territory on the frontier of the Ming Dynasty.
During the Ming Dynasty, its territory stretched from Korea in the east, to Tibet (present-day Lhasa) in the west, to Annam (present-day Vietnam) in the south, and to Damoi (the desert on the border between present-day Inner Mongolia and Mongolia) in the north. However, with the passage of time, the territory of the Ming Shizong period has been reduced to Liaohai in the east, Jiayu in the west, Hainan in the south, and Inner Mongolia in the north. This change is indicative of the turbulent changes in the territory of the Ming Dynasty.
First of all, the Liaodong region became one of the lost territories. After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, it had acquired the Liaodong region in 1368, but it was lost in the later wars. Conflicts with the Goryeo dynasty, and later the struggle for power with Korea, led to the failure of the Ming dynasty to maintain control over the region.
Secondly, the lower reaches of the Heilongjiang River are also part of the territorial losses. The Ming Dynasty did not actually exercise administrative control over the Jurchens in the northeast, resulting in a gradual loss of control over the region.
The three tribes of Duoyan, Taining and Fuyu in Inner Mongolia became the Wara and Tatar groups after the "Battle of Jingyan", and broke away from the control of the Ming Dynasty, which is also one of the manifestations of land loss. At the same time, although the Qiwei region of Guanxi was canonized as Wei, the Ming Dynasty adopted the strategy of "razing and razing", so that these places were not really included in the territory, and eventually went to internal strife.
In the Hetao area, the Ming Dynasty set up Dongshengwei twice, but it was abandoned due to the supply of grain and grass, and was finally occupied by the Monans. This area became a passage for the Mongol army to move south.
In addition, the Waiyi Tusi part of Yunnan lost contact with the Ming Dynasty after the establishment of the Bago Dynasty and was eventually controlled by Burma.
Overall, the territory of the Ming Dynasty at its peak was about 7 million square kilometers, with only 4 million square kilometers remaining in the middle period and 3.5 million square kilometers in the late period. In comparison, the Qing Dynasty reached 13 million square kilometers at its peak and remained at 11.5 million square kilometers after its loss. This territorial change shows the difference between the strength and weakness of the Ming and Qing dynasties.
The historical story of the loss of territory in the frontier of the Ming Dynasty shows us how a powerful dynasty gradually lost control in the changing times, and the political, cultural and military strife behind the loss of territory.
The historical story of the loss of territory in the Ming Dynasty shows the rise and fall of a powerful dynasty in the midst of territorial changes, and this history is thought-provoking. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty's self-founding, it was established with its tough foreign policy and firm stance"No affiliation, no tribute, no vassals, no land"principles. However, with the changes of the times and the role of internal and external factors, the Ming Dynasty gradually lost a large amount of territory, and eventually its territory shrank.
First of all, the article describes in detail the historical process of the loss of territory in the Ming Dynasty's frontiers. From the Liaodong region to the lower reaches of the Heilongjiang River, and then to the Waiyi Tusi in Inner Mongolia, Hetao and Yunnan, the Ming Dynasty faced varying degrees of loss of land in various regions. The loss of these areas is not the result of a single cause, but is the result of a combination of political, military and diplomatic factors.
The loss of frontier territory not only reflected the shortcomings of the Ming Dynasty's foreign policy, but also highlighted the challenges of internal governance and control. The failure of the Ming Dynasty to establish an effective administration in the frontier areas led to the rise of ethnic minority forces and the intensification of internal contradictions, which ultimately led to the loss of land.
Second, the article emphasizes the impact of the loss of land in the Ming Dynasty. The loss of land is not only the loss of territory, but also the political, economic and cultural upheaval of the country. The loss of territory meant the loss of Ming authority and control in these regions, posing a challenge to the overall stability and unity of the country. In addition, the loss of land has also led to instability and war on the border, affecting the stability of the surrounding areas.
This history also presents the common problems of ancient Chinese dynasties in the governance of frontiers. The management and control of the frontier areas has always been a difficult problem for dynastic rule in Chinese history, and different dynasties have faced similar challenges and dilemmas in this regard.
On the whole, the historical story of the loss of territory in the frontier of the Ming Dynasty reflects the complex fate of a dynasty in the midst of territorial changes. This history is not only a reflection on the politics and diplomacy of the Ming Dynasty, but also a profound reflection on the frontier governance of the ancient Chinese dynasties. By examining history, we can better understand the tortuous course of a nation's development and the significant impact of territorial changes on the fate of a country.
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