"Argentina must die enough people to restore peace. We kill the rebels first, then their helpers, then those who sympathize with the rebels, and finally, we kill those who hesitate. ”—Argentine military ** Jorge Rafael Vidila
After Peron**, Argentina entered a period of continuous turmoil, and all walks of life** launched a crazy "de-Peronization" action, but Perón still had a considerable base of public opinion, and the whole society fell into the tearing between the Perón faction and the anti-Belon faction. At the same time as political turmoil, Argentina's economic development is also struggling, and the people's lives are difficult. In this situation, strikes and riots emerged one after another, and at the end of the 60s, various guerrilla groups also became active, and the country was on the verge of civil war.
Throughout the late 60s and 70s, Argentina was divided into three forces, the Argentine military, guerrillas, and terrorist organizations, which fought and killed each other. One **butt has not yet sat firmly, and the other ** took a gun against the other party's head to drive him **, tossing back and forth in the middle of the six**, the people remembered Veron's good, and welcomed Beron back in 1973 to continue to be **.
Isabella Veron.
At this time, Peron was seriously ill and died in one year, and the successor was Veron's third wife, Isabella Veron, who was the world's first woman. To say that the man chooses his own pillow person is the original intention, Isabella is also a dancer, versatile, Belon travels leisurely, the two met in a dance hall in Ecuador, Isabella's graceful demeanor on the stage hit Lao Bei's heart, and the past with Evita surfaced, and started a year-old love. Isabella and Lao Bei have been together for fifteen years, it should be fate, and Evita's dream was finally made true by Isabella.
On October 16, 1973, the Fourth Middle East War broke out, in order to fight Israel, Middle Eastern countries joined forces to impose an oil embargo on Western countries supporting Israel, which exacerbated the economic crisis at that time, and the inevitable domestic economy of Argentina also experienced stagnation, economic stagnation was extended step by step, and the Argentine political situation was also in turmoil.
Isabella did not have deep political qualifications, nor did she have the ability to deal with major crises, and she relied on the shadow of the old shell to rise to the throne. Soon, she was eager to consolidate her position, and she took extreme measures such as suppressing the domestic people and kidnapping and assassination, which made her lose the support of the people, and the military ** took advantage of the situation to intervene, and the country entered the military and political ** period.
On March 24, 1976, the head of the three armed forces, Widila, announced the establishment of the United Army**, which began a seven-year "process of national reorganization". The army carried out secret and inhumane repression and killing of the most important people in society, and their methods were diverse and cruel, such as forced disappearances, secret detention and torture, burial alive, throwing from planes into the river, tampering with the identity of babies, etc., this period of history is called "dirty war".
In order to maintain the good image of the army, the United Army has borrowed and absorbed the theory of the Western "doctrine", limited the enemy who threatens the enemy to the country, arbitrarily expanded the scope of the definition of the army, and did not adopt means such as large-scale street arrests or killing several rebel leaders to show the public, because this will only attract the spurning of civil society and more fierce resistance;On the contrary, many covert methods were adopted, such as "forced disappearances", the abduction of people without knowing it, causing panic among the left and ordinary people, and disciplining the people to obey absolutely**. This repression was so "effective" that all the guerrillas were suppressed and exterminated, and many radical workers and journalists "disappeared" for no apparent reason.
According to the statistics of the Argentine Commission for the Investigation of Missing Persons, during the period when the military ** was in power, a total of 340 torture centers were built across the country. These torture centres are equipped with intelligence rooms, torture chambers, health clinics and cubicles for prisoners. There is a clear division of labor here, and there is a complete set of operating procedures, which are divided into an arrest group, an intelligence group, a security group, and a corpse collection group. Arresters are responsible for secretly arresting suspects, intelligence officers are responsible for torture to obtain information, guards are responsible for guarding prisoners, and people who dispose of corpses are responsible for shooting, transferring, burying alive or throwing objects from a high altitude, which is called "death flights".
Detainees are subjected to inhuman torture and torture, such as burning with cigarettes, inserting sharp objects into their fingernails and toenails, or waterboarding their heads in waterTorturers also carry out psychological deterrence on the victims, such as imitating executions, ** executions, making them pretend to be dogs, etc., or inflicting harm on their spouses and children, and female victims are often subjected to **;Another of the more brutal forms of punishment is electric shock, in which the prisoner lies on a metal mesh and is electrified through his body, or he is shocked to sensitive parts of the body with electric batons. If a female victim gives birth in a secret torture center, the child is taken away from birth and given to a military family for adoption.
After the fact, more than 30,000 people were missing during the army, and the army also knew that he was doing something unseemly, so he strongly controlled it. But after all, the paper can't contain the fire, there is no fear of power, insisting on reporting the missing person's incident, which has triggered a tide of anger among the people, the domestic ** voice has come and gone, the military ** rule is in jeopardy, coupled with the economic crisis has not been able to bail out, accumulating a foreign debt crisis, the domestic and foreign difficulties of the military ** decided to transfer the domestic contradictions, to a war to alleviate the current embarrassing situation.
The Falklands Islands, known as the Malvinas Islands, are part of Argentine territory according to their geographical location, but are now occupied by the British, so they are also called the "Falkland Islands" by the British. The Falklands have always been called the key to the Pacific Ocean, because it is the choke point of the Strait of Magellan, and the only passage connecting the South Atlantic to the Pacific OceanThe Falklands also have a number of excellent harbors and have discovered a large number of oil and gas resources. Therefore, the sovereignty of the Falklands cannot be negotiated at the negotiating table, but is an overall contest of the country's comprehensive strength. Just as Milley** cited the example of China's recovery of Hong Kong when he claimed sovereignty over the Falklands Islands to Britain today, he should have the common sense that what he could not get in the war should not be obtained at the negotiating table.
At this time, the military *** was Galtieri, and he confidently believed that Britain was far away from the ocean and was no longer able to control the Falklands, so he cleared the corners and corners of the island, and then issued an ultimatum to Britain, which was a fait accompli.
Unexpectedly, Margaret Thatcher was furious and ordered 350,000 navies, 118 ships, and 350 planes crossed half the world to hit the Falklands, and European and American countries joined forces to impose a military embargo on Argentina, and in one month, Britain only lost 255 people, Argentina lost 649 people, but 11,300 people were captured.
In fact, due to the world situation at that time, Britain had to respond to the war, and if it did not fight, the British Empire's fate was likely to be cut off and reduced to a third-rate country. Moreover, "defending" the Falklands not only has huge practical benefits, but can also revive Britain's great power ambitions after World War II, which is tantamount to a dose of the British Empire's "miracle medicine".
As soon as the British army captured Port Stanley on the Falklands, the Argentine major general surrendered to the British army with 9,800 Argentine troops, and there was no fighting spirit of the soldiers at all.
After all, the descendants of the Italians, the surrender of the whole army after the death of a few people, is considered a normal operation. This battle has become Argentina's national humiliation, and it has also completely destroyed the national fortunes of Argentina's normal rise, which is comparable to Argentina's version of the "First Sino-Japanese Naval War".
So in 1986, Maradona defeated England by the hand of God, and the Argentines were as excited as if they had taken drugs, and they felt that we had lost on the battlefield, but now Maradona has earned it back for us.
Losing the Falklands War also had an unexpected gain, the military ** has since fallen, Argentina** in order to avoid a recurrence of the tragedy, frantically weakened the military, in 1999 when the army from the Falklands War 1750,000 cut to 720,000 people, and military spending accounted for the first expenditure, which also dropped from 18% to 96%, the chemical, iron and steel, and electrical enterprises that were once controlled by the army have also been privatized, and aircraft carriers and destroyers have been decommissioned one after another.
In 2022, the total tonnage of the Argentine Navy is only 280,000 tons, the Air Force is so bad that when Obama came to visit, he couldn't even afford to fly a fighter plane.
As long as the army stopped making trouble, Argentina also regained its ambition to recover the Falklands.
By the 1990s, Argentina had missed a full 50 years of development time, which had cut off the possibility of upgrading the country from an agrarian country to an industrial country.
In the 1970s, Argentina's national debt was only $25 billion, and in 2000 it rolled to $120 billion, in order to repay the debt, Menem sold state-owned enterprises for eight years to make up $30 billion, and the national assets were almost sold out, and in 2001 he still owed $95 billion in default。
By the end of 2022, Argentina's external debt was as high as more than 270 billion US dollars, accounting for 55% of GDP, and it could not afford to pay off the entire country after it had been sold, so there were only nine debt defaults, and various sensational stock and debt killings often occurred in the financial market.
According to a report by the Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, in 2022, about 17 million people in the country were in poverty, 3.3 million people were in extreme poverty, and 50% of households had a monthly income of less than 80,000 pesos, equivalent to about 3,200 yuan. (Note that it is a monthly household income).
Looking at the situation of Argentina from its birth to the present, we can see the bloody development process of Latin American countries. The growth history of Latin American countries has always been deeply bound to colonialism, and since the old colonial era dominated by Spain, a large number of various resources have been seized in Latin America through resource plundering, and the capital brought by these resources has bubbled out of the cut veins of Latin America, and has flowed into Europe and the United States, which has contributed to the germination and development of European and American capitalismThe British then took Spain's place, dumping goods in the name of freedom, and stifling the development opportunities of local national industries, so that these countries could not get rid of their subordinate status;After World War II, neocolonialism appeared in the air, through international organizations and multinational corporations controlled by developed countries, in the name of investment, loans, technical assistance, etc., to carry out capital infiltration, so as to control the economic lifeline of Latin America, and use economic influence to indirectly achieve the goal of controlling national politics, which is hidden and extremely harmful.
It is true that the national predicament of Argentina and other Latin American countries has its own kinds of mistakes, but we cannot ignore its more macro historical and cultural background and geopolitical pattern.
Milley is a political amateur, with a rich life experience, a lot of cross-border professional experience, played football, sang rock, studied economics, worked as a bank clerk, worked as a radio economic commentator, and quickly became popular because of his political and economic remarks on the radio and social **, joined a particularly young political party - the Liberal Party in 19, reorganized into the Liberal Forward Party in 21 and became the party's only ** candidate, and was elected as a member of Congress at the end of the year. In April 22, he announced his candidacy, and this year's second round of elections ended with 55With 95% of the votes, he was elected as the new president of Argentina. The new ** will be officially inaugurated on December 10 for a four-year term.
Milley's personal life is rather mysterious, he has had a bad relationship with his parents since he was a child, and at school, he is often ridiculed by his classmates. Since junior high school, Milley has been nicknamed "crazy" by his classmates because of his irascible personality;But he is close to his sister Karina, who he has said that if she wins, her sister will play a role similar to that of "first lady", and Karina is also considered the "architect" behind Milley's meteoric rise to prominence in his political career.
Milley's deviant words and deeds are deeply in line with the characteristics of the media in the current self-media era, and the liberal economic ideas and ultra-rightist political ideas he vigorously advocates have won the support of the vast majority of young people. For Argentina**, Milley is seen by many parties as a "spoiler" or even a "dangerous element".
Nowadays, the world is invariably turning to the right, populist and far-right movements have emerged, the world is in a continuous tear, interests are becoming more and more divergent, and there is less and less consensus. As the Chinese say, "if you don't break it, you can't stand it", the rise to power of the far-right economist Milley is actually a kind of "hero created by the times."
There is a high probability that our Millae ** is going to take a "shock **" on the country, since it has bottomed out, there is nothing to worry about, Shi Ma is a live horse doctor, even if it can't touch the bottom, it is better to pull a few stupid sons of the landlord's family to cushion the back (Western countries), in short, Milley will not necessarily mess up the Argentine economy after coming to power, but as an economist with radical ideas, as a head of a big country, he is indeed a difficult X factor. Under Milley's leadership, it is too early to tell whether Argentina will emerge from the ground and be reborn from the ashes, or whether it will run wild on the road to economic collapse.
One person cheers for the graduate school entrance examination