Zi said. The gentleman is not comparable. The villain is not considerate.
This is the difference between a gentleman and a villain. In terms of morality, a gentleman is a virtuous person, and a villain is a virtuous person.
The gentleman is not compared with the week, and the villain is not compared with the week", what is Zhou, what is the comparison?There are different sayings in the ancient notes, all of which are very good, let's look at them together to experience the virtue of a gentleman. Some people say that "Zhou" is public, and "than" is private;Some people also say that "Zhou" is righteousness, "than" is profit, and the so-called "gentleman is righteous, villain is profitable";In addition, "Zhou" is universal, and "Bi" is biased towards the party. The old man Xue Gong advocated that according to the "public and private" kind of **, "Zhou" is public, and "than" is private. The gentleman is selfless, that is, "Zhou but not compare";The villain is selfish and "inconsiderate".
Why is the villain like this?His heart is too small, why is he called a villain?Be careful and think only of yourself. At most, he thinks of his own family, no matter how big he is, he can't think about it, and he doesn't want to think about it. A gentleman has a big heart, and he has a heart for the world, he is not for a body, a family, a country, he is for the world. Therefore, the mind of the saint is to exhaust the void and pervade the Dharma realm, and he thinks about more than one world, and the world is just one earth in one day, or is it small, other planets and other worlds other than the earth?So that's not big enough. The heart of the saint covers the entire universe, the pericardium is too empty, and the amount of the sand realm is circumferential, which is not comparable to the week, and the thoughtfulness is extreme.
Huang Kan explained Kong Anguo's statement in the "Commentary", "Zhou is the law of Bo Quan, so it is said to be faithful." It is a pro-law law, so it is called the Arab Party". Why can a gentleman be faithful?Because his heart is vast and thorough, and his heart is very large. A gentleman is for the public, not for selfishness, and he is faithful. If there is partiality in the heart, the heart is not right, and if it is not right, it cannot be faithful. Loyalty is a Chinese word in the heart, and the heart is placed in the right position, which is called loyalty. Why would you be unfaithful?Because the heart is selfish. If the heart is not faithful, it will not believe it. "A party" is the "law of proximity", the villain likes to tie up with others, curry, see the official noble, immediately flattering the heart, and close to him. "Closeness", it is also close, this closeness, there is no solemnity on the outside, there is no loyalty in the heart, it is completely for the sake of relying on the powerful, for their own fame and profit, and getting their own interests, this kind of person, Confucius despised, called a villain.
Huang Kan also quoted ancient notes to explain "Zhou" and "Compare", "Li Bei is called Zhou, and selflessness is not compared", "Li Bei" is to be able to get the Heavenly Reason, and our hearts will be right. What is Heavenly Principle?I know that the world is one with me. To put it more broadly, everything in the universe is one with me, so there is no point in talking about selfishness, there is no selfishness at all, selflessness. "Selflessness is not comparable", it was originally selfless, it was originally one, how can there be selfishness?Only with you and I can we have selfishness, and only with the separation of ourselves and others can we have selfishness. Originally, the universe was one, and there was no distinction between him and you and me, and it was originally selfless, but now we are lost, and after being lost, we have a delusion, dividing the realm of oneness into two, this is me, that is him. When this distinction arises, and then we cling to ourselves, a selfish mind arises, and this is called self-grasping. If I am attached, I will definitely have persistent people, and without ego, how can there be anyone?I am the same person. If we truly understand this truth, we will naturally be selfless, not reluctantly. As long as you are enlightened, you can immediately let go of your selfishness and become a gentleman immediately.
In fact, what is different about Shengfan?The saint and the ordinary man both live the same, eat, sleep, and work the same, the only difference is that the saint is awake and the ordinary man is lost.
What do the saints think?Enlightened by the principles of heaven and truth, it turns out that the universe is not the same as me, so it is natural to be incomparable, which is the expression of virtue. The villain is confused, thinking that there is me and him, so he insists on me, excludes, and is not thoughtful, he creates karma, and if he creates karma, there will be bitter retribution, just as the "Analects" says, "the gentleman is frank, and the villain is a relative", and the eldest relative's heart is full of gains and losses, and there are often doubts, worries, and fears;The gentleman's mind is open-minded, the so-called "the wise are not confused, the benevolent are not worried, and the brave are not afraid", the gentleman's heart has no doubts, no worries, no fear, and is frank and open, which is called "the gentleman is happy to be a gentleman, and the villain is wronged to be a villain". Therefore, Jue and Mi separated the saints, and their use was very different, so the villain was very pitiful.
Mr. Liu Baonan said, "The party is the opposite of the faithful, and the temperament of the righteous gentleman and the villain is different." "The Afghan Party" and "Faithful" are different in their intentions, the villain has the heart of flattery, stammering, and the Afghan Party, and the Afghan Party is flattery, forming a party for personal gain;Faithfulness is the heart of a gentleman. Different intentions lead to different temperaments. The gentleman's temperament is frank and open-minded, gentle, kind-hearted, thrifty, respectful, courteous, the so-called gentle and frugal;The villain has a violent temperament, is not gentle in character, impatient, easily impulsive, has a bad heart, and is full of selfishness, so he is anxious to get results, has an impatient temperament, is disrespectful to people, and is not polite, he forgets to be polite, why forgot?Because I have selfish thoughts, selfish thoughts, and selfish thoughts, I forget the etiquette. There is no frugality, extravagance, and waste in the use of the villain;Get along with others, be competitive for profit, and can't be polite, humble, or tolerant.
The key to learning Xi is not to use these words in the Analects to judge others, this is not the original intention of the sage, the sage is to make us turn back and ask ourselves, to think about whether we are villains. What do you think?Look at your own heart, your own temperament, and your own behavior from these places. If there is a problem, quickly change it, put down these things of the villain, and we will become gentlemen.
To learn from the saints and sages, we must broaden our hearts, we must not have the heart of love and hatred, we should not have the heart of discrimination, we can love all sentient beings, at least we must achieve the kindness of all sentient beings. When we have the wisdom of Prajna and see all the Dharma as empty, we have Dharma Karma. When we then have no place to live and have great compassion, we just have no cause for great compassion, and then we truly become great saints.