The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy has brought the rural social and economic development to a new level. However, in the process of rural revitalization, the problem of land use has become an important factor restricting development. In order to standardize the land use for rural revitalization and other related behaviors, the relevant departments have focused on and formulated a series of policies and measures. The recently released Policy Guidelines for Rural Revitalization Land Use (2023) is the first document directly related to rural revitalization in China, which is of great significance for promoting the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. In addition, the negative list of land for rural revitalization in Appendix I of the guidelines further highlights some key measures.
After digging deeper, we can find that there are several key measures in the guidelines that deserve special attention and research. In this article, three of these important measures will be described and analyzed in detail.
1. The development and problems of facility agriculture
With the rapid development of modern agriculture, agricultural greenhouses and facility agriculture have become an important part of China's rural economic development. In order to meet the growing and seasonal demand for vegetables, a large number of agricultural greenhouses and smart greenhouses have been built in various places. However, in the development process of agricultural greenhouses, there have also been some illegal land use behaviors. These behaviors have seriously damaged cultivated land resources and the environment, and violated relevant national policies and regulations.
2. Provisions of the Policy Guidelines for Rural Revitalization Land Use
In order to solve this problem, the Rural Revitalization Land Use Policy Guidelines clearly stipulate a series of measures. First of all, it is forbidden for individuals and entities to occupy cultivated land in agricultural greenhouses in violation of laws and regulations to build non-agricultural facilities, such as residences, restaurants, entertainment, etc. Second, it is strictly forbidden to illegally occupy cultivated land in the name of developing facility agriculture to build facilities that have nothing to do with agricultural development. The introduction of these measures will effectively regulate the development of facility agriculture and protect the sustainable development of cultivated land resources and ecological environment.
3. Promote the green and sustainable development of rural facility agriculture
In view of the prohibited behaviors of facility agriculture and agricultural greenhouses, the relevant departments should also further strengthen supervision and law enforcement to ensure the effective implementation of the policy. At the same time, we should also actively promote the green development of rural facility agriculture and improve the quality and efficiency of agricultural production. For example, farmers should be encouraged to use advanced facilities and technologies to improve the level and scientific and technological content of agricultural production, and promote agriculture to move in the direction of high efficiency, environmental protection, and sustainable development.
1. Problems in the use and management of homesteads
In rural areas, the use and management of homesteads has always been an urgent problem to be solved. Although China has implemented policies such as one house per household, there are still many problems in the use of homesteads. In particular, the problem of idle homesteads caused by the loss of rural population has become the focus of the current rural revitalization strategy. In order to solve this problem, some localities have begun to pilot the separation of the three rights of homesteads, and actively encourage farmers to rent out idle homesteads and farmhouses.
2. Provisions of the Policy Guidelines for Rural Revitalization Land Use
However, according to the provisions in the negative list of land for rural revitalization, it is strictly forbidden for all villages to occupy and buy homestead land in violation of laws and regulations in the name of circulation and rental. This means that in the future, it is not allowed to transfer or lease homesteads to illegal purchasers by illegal means, so as to protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers and the agricultural use of homesteads.
3. Promote the effective use of homesteads
In order to better solve the problem of idle homesteads, relevant departments should also further improve the management and use system of homesteads, and strengthen the supervision and management of homestead circulation and leasing. At the same time, it is also possible to provide legal and safe homestead circulation services through the establishment of a homestead circulation market, so as to promote the effective use of homesteads and the development of rural economy.
1. The importance and problems of permanent basic farmland
Permanent basic farmland is an important protection area to ensure food security and rural economic development. However, in recent years, some places have abused permanent basic farmland in construction projects, seriously damaging farmland resources. In order to solve this problem, the relevant departments have implemented a series of prohibitive measures, but the phenomenon of illegal use of cultivated land occurs from time to time.
2. Provisions of the Policy Guidelines for Rural Revitalization Land Use
The Rural Revitalization Land Use Policy Guidelines clearly stipulate that local governments are prohibited from illegally adjusting permanent basic farmland for the purpose of occupying a single project. In addition, it is strictly forbidden for all regions to adjust the red line of cultivated land protection and ecological protection in the name of land consolidation and agricultural land consolidation. The promulgation of these regulations will help protect permanent basic farmland resources, maintain food security and sustainable development of the ecological environment.
3. Promote the protection and management of permanent basic farmland
In order to better protect permanent basic farmland, the departments concerned should also strengthen the protection and management of permanent basic farmland. It is possible to establish a sound farmland protection and supervision mechanism, increase the punishment for violations, and severely crack down on illegal occupation of farmland. At the same time, it is also possible to strengthen the planning and management of farmland resources and promote the scientific allocation and rational utilization of permanent basic farmland resources.
The release of the policy guidelines for rural revitalization land use is of great significance for standardizing the behavior of rural revitalization land use. By strictly prohibiting the violations of facility agriculture and agricultural greenhouses, the illegal acts of homestead circulation and leasing, and the destruction of permanent basic farmland, we can protect farmland resources and the ecological environment and promote the sustainable development of the rural economy. However, for these provisions to be effectively enforced, it is also necessary to strengthen supervision and enforcement, and improve the implementation and effectiveness of policies. At the same time, there is also a need to strengthen publicity and education to increase farmers' awareness of and compliance with relevant policies and regulations. Only through the joint efforts of the whole society can we achieve the goals of the rural revitalization strategy and build beautiful and livable rural communities.