In the history of the Qin state, the Shang Dynasty reform was regarded as a reform, but how did this change affect the fate of the Qin state?Let's revisit this period of history and interpret the true significance of the Shang Dynasty reform to the prosperity and strength of the Qin state and the strength of the army from another perspective.
The state of Qin experienced political turmoil during the reign of Qin Xiangong, and the effect of the previous reform of the Shang Dynasty was not ideal. This unsuccessful attempt left Shang with valuable lessons. Qin Xiaogong coveted change, but the intrigues of his relatives made it difficult for him to start. As a result, Shang was recruited as an "outsider" to play the role of "engineering project director", because he was the only one who could play a role in the territory of Qin foreign experts, even though he was not a local. Shang Ying's reform is not only his own action, but also a leading group for change led by Qin Xiaogong, implemented by Shang Ying, and participated by other personnel.
In the early days of the reform, the Qin state fell into political instability, but the relative stability of the Qin Xiangong period weakened the power of the old aristocracy and reduced the resistance to change. The Qin State was strategically located and had a lot of wasteland to be cultivated, especially the loess situation was conducive to agricultural development. The system of conferring land for military merit also played a role, as individuals who received military merit had the courage and courage to protect their land from the encroachment of the old aristocracy.
Shang Ying's reform also cultivated a "military merit-field property" interest system, which made it impossible for later monarchs to abolish the reform, otherwise it would inevitably cause dissatisfaction among the army. Although King Huiwen killed Shang Ying, he never dared to give up the laws made by Shang Ying. This strengthened the centralization of power and weakened the power of the old aristocracy. Even if King Huiwen killed Shang Ying after ascending the throne, he would never return power to the nobles, nor would he repeal Shang Ying's decree, because he had the support of the "military merit-field property" interest group behind him, and he was not afraid of the counterattack of the old nobles.
The Shang Martingale Reform is a well-designed game, one link after another. The longevity of the Qin monarch was also one of the important factors in success. The success of this revolution shattered the feudal aristocracy, but unfortunately, the "driver" who drove this chariot was born from the feudal aristocracy. Although he is aggressive, he will eventually be eliminated. The wheels of history roll forward, not swayed by the will of the "driver". When this "Great Qin Driver" falls out of favor and overturns, it will inevitably be taken over by the "Gongcao Officials" cultivated by the county system. They had nothing to do with the decaying feudal aristocracy, and only they could ensure the prosperity and glory of Great Qin.
The reason why Shang Ying's reform made Qin strong was not because of the promotion opportunities brought by the military merit system, but because Shang Ying's continuous sitting method provided cheap labor for Qin. This model, after not being able to expand the territory, will lead to ** within the dynasty, because the treatment of ordinary people is reduced, but the payment does not increase.
The reason why the Qin State was able to unify was that it was strategically located, especially the Hangu Pass, which avoided the dilemma of being attacked by the enemy. Second, the Qin state has always adhered to the policy of conquest and fiefdom first and then land acquisition. Finally, Qin's barren landscape created the conditions for change, and it faced less resistance than other countries. At the same time, since the Emperor Xiangong of Qin, the monarch of Qin has always adhered to the reform of the law, corrected the shortcomings of the Shang Dynasty reform, and has never abandoned or abandoned the law. The kings of all generations were of a high level, good at reading people, had good ministers to help them, and had enough fierce generals.
Shang Ying's reform created a powerful Qin state, but it also buried hidden dangers. Whether the Qin State was able to cope with internal and external challenges will continue to be witnessed by history.
The Shang Dynasty had a profound impact on the history and political structure of the Qin state, which not only changed the face of the Qin state, but also had a long-term impact on the subsequent political, social structure and culture.
First of all, the Shang Dynasty reform was seen as the key to the rise of the Qin state. This change not only weakened the power of the old aristocracy politically, but also promoted the development of the Qin state in terms of economic and social structure. Through the system of awarding land for military merit, Shang Ying provided soldiers with the opportunity to achieve social promotion, and at the same time, it also built a "military merit-field property" interest system, which consolidated the foundation for reform. This system made it difficult for later monarchs to abolish the reforms, thus strengthening the centralization of power, weakening the influence of the old aristocracy, and laying the foundation for the Qin State to unify the six countries.
However, there are also drawbacks that cannot be ignored. Although the reform brought prosperity and military strength to the Qin state, its model of joint sitting and reduced treatment of ordinary people also led to social instability. This model becomes even more fragile when the state is unable to expand its territory, because the efforts of ordinary people are not commensurately rewarded, which can lead to the intensification of internal contradictions and social unrest.
On the other hand, the success of the Shang Dynasty reform was also inseparable from the geographical location of the Qin state and the policies of successive kings. The Qin state was in a geographically advantageous position, with control of important strategic points such as Hangu Pass, making it less vulnerable to foreign invasion. The kings of the past dynasties insisted on changing the law and constantly revising it, and had the ability to recognize people and appoint good ministers to assist them, which was also an important factor in promoting the development of the Qin state.
Overall, the impact of the Shang Dynasty reform on the Qin state was complex and far-reaching. It is an important node in the history of Qin's development, shaping Qin's strong military strength and centralization, but at the same time, it also buries the hidden dangers of social contradictions and instability. This history tells us that in the process of change, we need to not only solve immediate problems, but also consider long-term development and social equity to ensure the long-term peace and stability of the country.
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