Municipal wastewater treatment usually includes the following steps:
1.Pretreatment: The sewage is first decontaminated through the grid to remove larger impurities, sand and gravel. This may be followed by further grit tank treatment, where solids in the wastewater are precipitated to the bottom by gravity to reduce the amount of suspended solids and sediment.
2.Primary treatment: The pretreated sewage is introduced into the sedimentation tank or primary sedimentation tank to precipitate the suspended particulate matter and improve the clarity of the water.
3.Biochemical treatment: The primary treated water is sent to the biochemical tank for biochemical treatment, and the organic matter in the water is decomposed into harmless inorganic substances by the degradation of microorganisms.
4.Advanced treatment: The biochemically treated water is further treated with filter, activated carbon adsorption and other treatments to remove residual suspended solids, microorganisms and refractory substances.
5.Oxidation treatment: secondary oxidation treatment is carried out on the treated wastewater, and the water body is disinfected by methods such as ozone or UV to kill bacteria and pathogens.
6.Reclaimed water utilization (optional): In some areas, the treated wastewater can also be used as industrial cooling water, urban landscape lake recharge, farmland irrigation, and other recycling methods through advanced treatment processes.
7.Discharge or reuse: Treated effluent may be discharged into water bodies or oceans, or may be recycled, depending on local environmental standards.
The entire treatment process needs to be equipped with various equipment and technologies to ensure that the wastewater can meet the discharge standards or reuse requirements after treatment to protect the environment and human health. Hopefully, this information will help you better understand the process of municipal wastewater treatment.