Angelica sinensis is a valuable Chinese herbal medicine, which has the effects of invigorating blood, regulating menstruation and relieving pain, moistening the intestines and laxative, etc., and is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine clinics. In order to obtain high-quality angelica medicinal herbs, it is necessary to master the correct planting conditions and methods.
First, the growth environment.
Angelica sinensis requires specific climatic and altitude conditions to grow. It is a low-temperature, long-day crop, so it needs to be grown at higher altitudes. In general, the suitable planting altitude range is around 1500 to 3000 meters. Raising seedlings at an altitude of 1500 to 3 000 m and then transplanting at an altitude of about 2200 to 2500 m can be more conducive to improving yield and quality.
2. Soil selection.
Angelica sinensis also has relatively high requirements for soil, and it is best to choose sandy loam soil with deep soil layer, loose and fertile, and good drainage for planting. Such soil is conducive to the growth of angelica roots and the uptake of nutrients. At the same time, the pH of the soil should also be suitable, with a pH value of 65～7.5 is preferred.
3. Land preparation and fertilization.
Before planting, select high-dry, well-drained plots for deep ploughing, and apply sufficient basal fertilizer. The depth of deep turning is best about 30 cm to increase the permeability of the soil and the ability to retain water and fertilizer. Then make a width of 1. according to the terrain2 to 1The 5-meter furrow is convenient for later planting management.
4. Seed selection and treatment.
Choose healthy, disease-resistant angelica seeds for planting. In order to improve the germination rate and growth quality of seeds, germination treatment can be carried out. The seeds are soaked in water for 24 hours, then removed to dry and covered with wet sand for germination. When the seeds are white, they can be sown.
5. Planting methods.
There are two planting methods of angelica: direct seeding and transplanting. The live broadcast is to divide the horizontal ditch according to the row spacing of 20 cm, and the depth of the ditch is 3 to 5 cm, and the seeds are evenly sown into the ditch, and then covered with fine fertilizer to cover the seeds. Transplanting is to divide the furrow according to the row spacing of 25 cm, the depth of the furrow is about 5 cm, and then the seeds that promote germination are evenly sprinkled into the furrow, covered with fine fertilizer, about 1 to 2 cm thick.
6. Field management.
When the seedling height is 10 to 15 cm, the seedlings are thinned and replenished, and the plant spacing is maintained at 10 to 15 cm. This prevents the seedlings from being too dense or too thin, which is conducive to the healthy growth of the plants. After thinning, weeding should be carried out in time to prevent the growth of weeds and soil compaction. Cultivating and weeding is generally carried out 3 to 4 times, and the first cultivation should be shallow hoeing to prevent root turning. In early June, the flower buds of Angelica sinensis should be removed at the beginning of flowering, which can avoid excessive consumption of nutrients and promote the concentration of nutrients**. At the same time, it is necessary to keep the soil moist and watering in moderation to avoid the occurrence of root diseases caused by overwatering.
7. Fertilization and watering.
In the planting process, it is necessary to top fertilize in time to promote the growth of angelica. The first top dressing can be carried out in early June, with superphosphate, ammonium sulfate or urea and other fertilizers applied in holes or furrows, and then covered with soil. The second top dressing can be done in early July. The amount and frequency of top dressing can be determined according to soil fertility and plant growth. At the same time, it is necessary to keep the soil moist and watering in moderation to avoid the occurrence of root diseases caused by overwatering.
8. Pest control.
The main pests and diseases of Angelica sinensis are root rot, sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, brown spot disease and powdery mildew. The prevention and control of these pests and diseases should be carried out as early as possible, and the growth of the plants can be checked regularly, and the prevention and control measures can be found and taken in time. Pesticides that can be used include fungicides such as chlorothalonil, methyl tobuzin, and insecticides such as imidacloprid.
9. Harvesting and processing.
It is best to dig angelica from late October to early November of the second year after planting. At this time, it is the late autumn and early winter season, the climate is cool and dry, and the medicinal ingredients of angelica have accumulated fully and the quality is high. After digging out the whole roots, shake off the soil, cut off the fibrous roots and residual petioles, and dry them in fresh slices or in the dryer. In the process of harvesting and processing, it is necessary to avoid the influence of sun, rain or moisture to ensure the quality of Angelica sinensis.
Winter Farming Meeting