This article is from "Nankai Sun Pharmacist", which is used for medical science popularization for reference. Antiasma, anti-inflammatory, cough suppressant, expectorant, **COPD, introduction of 5 first-line Western medicines and 5 effective Chinese patent medicines:
Albuterol sulfate aerosol is a short-acting bronchodilator, belonging to the 2-receptor agonist, by stimulating the 2 receptors on the surface of the bronchial smooth muscle and mast cell membrane, activating adenylyl cyclase, increasing intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate synthesis, relaxing bronchial smooth muscle, stabilizing the mast cell membrane and playing a role, can quickly relieve bronchospasm, usually within 5 minutes after inhalation, 1-1Peak in 5 hours, the efficacy lasts for 4-6 hours, repeated inhalation of albuterol sulfate aerosol is an effective way to relieve acute attacks of COPD, this drug is mainly used to relieve symptoms, should be used as needed, not long-term, single.
1. For excessive application, it is recommended not to exceed 8 inhalations every 24 hours.
Tiotropium bromide powder inhaler is a long-acting anticholinergic drug that binds to M1, M2 and M3 receptors in airway smooth muscle, dissociates rapidly from M2 receptors, dissociates slowly from M1 and M3 receptors, and dissociates 100 times slower than ipratropium bromide, improves bronchodilator effect, can be used once a day, and has the effect of reducing mucus secretion. Long-term regular use of tiotropium bromide powder inhalers can improve lung function, improve quality of life, and reduce the risk of exacerbations in patients with COPD.
Compound methoxamine capsule is a compound antitussive and asthma drug, which is mainly composed of methoxamine hydrochloride, chlorpheniramine maleate, aminophylline and nacodine. Methoxnamine hydrochloride is a receptor agonist with antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory, and antitussive effects;Chlorpheniramine maleate is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist with antiasthmatic and antitussive effectsAminophylline is an antiasthmatic drug with anti-inflammatory, antiasthmatic effects;Nacodine is a peripheral antitussive drug with anti-inflammatory and antitussive effects. The combination of the four drugs can not only synergistically exert antitussive and asthma effects, but also help with expectoration, which can be used to relieve symptoms such as cough, sputum production and wheezing caused by COPD.
Budesonide formoterol is a compound preparation, its components are budesonide and formoterol, budesonide is an inhaled glucocorticoid, has strong local anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects, can relieve bronchial obstruction caused by immediate and delayed allergic reactions. Formoterol is a long-acting bronchodilator, which has the effect of relaxing bronchial smooth muscle and relieving bronchospasm, bronchodilation is dose-related, effective within 1-3 minutes, and a single dose can be maintained for at least 12 hours.
Budesonide formoterol is the most controllable drug of COPD, which has anti-inflammatory and asthma effects, can effectively control airway inflammation, reduce airway hyperresponsiveness, improve symptoms, reduce the frequency of attacks, reduce the severity of attacks, reduce mortality, and significantly improve the first effect, suitable for patients in moderate and severe stable stages. Because formoterol has a rapid onset of action, budesonide formoterol can also be used as a COPD relief drug as needed.
N-acetylcysteine is an expectorant with sulfhydryl groups in its chemical structure, which can break the disulfide bond of sputum mucin, reduce sputum viscosity, make mucus easy to cough up, and also has the effect of anti-airway oxidative stress.
Qingqi and phlegm pills are composed of wine skullcap, melon and kernel cream, Banxia (system), gall Nanxing, tangerine peel, etc., which have the function of clearing heat and reducing fire, smoothing and phlegm elimination, and playing the function of clearing the lungs and dissolving phlegm, which can be used for cough caused by phlegm and heat obstruction of the lungs and lung loss of Xuansu, the phlegm is more viscous, the color is yellow, the chest and abdomen are full of stuffiness, or the shortness of breath is thick, and the mouth is dry and wants to drinkIn the acute phase of COPD, the above syndromes are seen.
Research evidence shows that the use of TCM syndrome differentiation**, Qingqi Huaphlegm pills combined with Western medicine routine** acute exacerbation of COPD can significantly improve clinical symptoms, improve lung function, and reduce inflammation.
The formula of Qinglung Anti-inflammatory Pill is ephedra, gypsum, Dilong, fried bitter almonds, Yaoli seeds, etc., which have the functions of clearing heat and dissolving phlegm, relieving cough and asthma, and is used for phlegm and heat obstruction of the lungs, cough caused by lung loss, chest and flank swelling pain, and vomiting yellow phlegm;In the acute phase of COPD, the above syndromes are seen.
Research evidence shows that the use of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation**, Qinglung Xiaoyan pills combined with Western medicine basics**, can improve the symptoms of wheezing and constipation in patients with acute phase of COPD.
The jade screen granules are astragalus, fengfeng, and atractylodes (fried), which have the functions of invigorating qi, fixing the surface, and stopping perspiration, and are used for the susceptibility to colds caused by lung qi deficiency, repeated acute attacks, self-perspiration and bad wind, and pale complexion;In the stable phase of COPD, the above syndromes are seen.
Research evidence shows that the use of TCM syndrome differentiation**, Yuping Feng granules combined with Western medicine basics**, can reduce the number of acute attacks and symptom scores in patients with stable COPD at 1 year.
The formula of the lungs and blood capsule is astragalus, red peony and psoralen, which have the functions of invigorating qi and invigorating blood, tonifying the lungs and strengthening the kidneys, and is used for cough and wheezing, palpitations and shortness of breath, cold and weak limbs, soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, and cyanosis of the lipsIn the stable phase of COPD, the above syndromes are seen.
Research evidence shows that the use of TCM syndrome differentiation**, Bulung Huoxue Capsule combined with Western medicine basics**, can improve the number of acute attacks and symptom scores in patients with stable COPD at 1 year.
Danlong oral liquid formula is salvia, ephedra, Dilong, Zhejiang fritillary, skullcap, etc., which has the function of clearing heat and asthma, removing phlegm and dissipating stasis, and is used for cough and wheezing, phlegm yellow, thirst and drinking caused by phlegm and heat and lungsIn the acute phase of COPD, the above syndromes are seen.
Research evidence shows that the use of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation**, Danlong oral liquid combined with Western medicine basic**, may improve the symptoms of cough, sputum, multi-colored yellow or white sticky sputum in patients with acute stage of COPD.