Oral leukoplakia, or OLK, refers to predominantly white lesions on the oral mucosa that cannot be erased and cannot be diagnosed as other definable lesions by clinical and histopathological methods. Patients with oral leukoplakia often have no obvious self-conscious symptoms, and the disease is generally found during oral examination, and some patients occasionally have rough mucous membranes or irritation. Once ulcerative pain occurs, it often indicates malignant progression of the disease.
At present, oral leukoplakia** is not fully understood, and may be related to factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, Candida albicans infection, and human papillomavirus infection. The disease is a common clinical and potentially malignant disease of the oral cavity, according to epidemiological statistics, 3-17 in the population5% of patients with oral leukoplakia may transform into oral cancer, and even if the macroscopic lesion is completely removed, there is still a risk of cancer** and cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to make a clear diagnosis, determine the pathological type, and formulate an individualized diagnosis and treatment plan.
In clinical work, we often use non-invasive means such as toluidine blue staining, autofluorescence examination, head-mounted magnifying glass and narrow-band spectral imaging to find areas that may be at risk of cancer, determine the biopsy site in combination with the clinical examination of physicians, and use minimally invasive biopsy methods to judge the specific situation of the lesion and formulate an appropriate plan.
1) The individualized diagnosis and treatment plan for oral leukoplakia is as follows:
1.Identification and removal of possible local irritants: stump crowns, poor restorations; Quit bad Xi such as smoking, drinking, and betel nut chewing; Avoid hot and spicy foods.
2.Intraoral lesions are recorded using high-definition photography technology to preserve baseline data, assist pathologists in diagnosis, observe changes in the disease, and guide**.
3.Non-invasive methods such as toluidine blue staining, autofluorescence examination, head-mounted magnifying glass, and narrowband spectral imaging were used to determine the biopsy site.
4.Relevant auxiliary examinations were performed to check for contraindications to minimally invasive biopsy; Make an appointment for a minimally invasive biopsy.
5.Minimally invasive biopsy is performed to determine the specific nature and type of lesions.
6.Combined with the results of the biopsy, a variety of methods are used to comprehensively use ** oral leukoplakia, close observation, and regular follow-up.
2) The main means of oral leukoplakia include: drugs, surgery, photodynamics and other methods
1.Drugs**: The main purpose is to promote normal keratinization of the epithelium and inhibit hyperkeratosis, and the main drugs are tretinoin.
2.Surgery**: Surgery is used to completely remove the vitiligo lesions, but surgery cannot prevent ** and cancer, so patients with oral leukoplakia after surgery** should still have regular follow-up visits to an oral mucosa specialist.
3.Photodynamic**: For patients with oral leukoplakia who are not candidates for surgery** or who do not respond well to conventional**, photodynamic forces** may be tried.
It should be noted that no matter what kind of risk it is, it is not possible to completely reduce the risk of cancer, on the basis of eliminating possible irritating factors, follow the doctor's instructions for regular follow-up, it is generally believed that patients with oral leukoplakia should be revisited at least once every 1-3 months, and then perform minimally invasive biopsy if necessary to clarify the changes in the condition, which is of great significance for effectively preventing carcinogenesis or blocking early cancer. It is recommended that patients with oral leukoplakia avoid mental tension and anxiety, quit bad Xi, and actively cooperate with the review.