This article is from "Nankai Sun Pharmacist", which is used for medical science popularization for reference. Chronic atrophic gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, pay attention to these small details of life and diet, you can improve the symptoms!What are the dietary contraindications for ulcerative colitis?
Chronic gastritis refers to inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa, which can usually be divided into atrophic gastritis and non-atrophic gastritis, atrophic gastritis does not mean that the whole stomach has become smaller, but refers to the atrophy of the inherent glands of the gastric mucosa, which is commonly said that the mucosal layer of the stomach has become thinner. In addition, it is important to understand the concept of intestinal metaplasia, referred to as intestinalization, which refers to the morphological changes of gastric mucosal cells stimulated by long-term inflammation and become closer to intestinal mucosal cells. Finally, dysplasia, also known as dysplasia, is a condition in which the cells of the gastric mucosa have lost their normal cell morphology and become closer to the morphology of cancer cells. Atrophic gastritis needs to be confirmed by gastroscopy, while intestinalization and dysplasia need to be diagnosed by gastroscopy for pathology and then microscopic observation. The development process of gastric cancer usually follows: non-atrophic gastritis - atrophic gastritis - intestinal metaplasia - dysplasia - gastric cancer.
Diet and lifestyle intervention is indispensable for the development of chronic atrophic gastritis, in daily life and diet, you should eat regularly, chew slowly, avoid bedtime diet and overeating, eat more fresh food, avoid ingestion of spicy, strong and coarse food, eat less pickled, smoked and other nitrite-rich foods, do not eat moldy food, avoid long-term heavy drinking, quit smoking, moderate exercise, reduce psychological pressure, maintain a good mood, and ensure adequate sleep. Studies have shown that appropriate supplementation of multivitamins and trace elements selenium can delay the progression of atrophic gastritis and reduce the incidence of gastric cancer, most fresh vegetables and fruits are rich in vitamins, soybeans, corn flour, animal offal, fish, meat, eggs, nuts, fresh fruits and vegetables are rich in selenium. Patients who are deficient in folic acid can prevent the occurrence of gastric cancer by supplementing folic acid, which is rich in fresh fruits, green vegetables, meat and other foods.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a common disease, the incidence increases with age, refers to a gastroesophageal motility disorder in the gastrointestinal tract that half of the digested food flows into the esophagus or even the oral cavity, acid reflux and heartburn are the most common and typical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease, some patients will also have chest tightness, chest pain, difficulty swallowing, throat discomfort, cough, palpitation, Non-gastrointestinal symptoms such as asthma, aspiration pneumonia and even pulmonary interstitial fibrosis can occur in severe cases, and if left uncontrolled, the disease can cause complications such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding, Barrett's esophagus and esophageal strictures.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease has a tendency to be chronic, reflux and heartburn symptoms can be recurring, and its goal is to control clinical symptoms, reduce the frequency of symptom attacks, reduce the severity of symptoms, shorten the duration of symptoms, and prevent and treat complications. In terms of diet, patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease should pay attention to regular diet, eat small and frequent meals, avoid overeating and eating before bedtime, and control the intake of high-fat foods such as chocolate, tea, coffee, spicy stimulating foods, butter, fried chicken, fatty meat, acidic fruits and vegetables such as citrus and tomatoes, sweet potatoes, lotus roots, potatoes, yams and other starch-rich vegetables, which can lead to weakened muscle tone in the lower end of the esophagus and cause symptoms**. It should also be noted that avoid lying flat or moving immediately after meals, and elevate the head of the bed by 15-20 cm when sleeping, which can accelerate the removal of gastric acid under the action of gravity, reduce nocturnal reflux, quit smoking and alcohol, balance the mind, and relieve anxiety.
Ulcerative colitis is referred to as ulceration, is a chronic non-specific inflammatory disease that occurs in the colon and rectum, the lesion site is mainly in the large intestine mucosa and submucosa, ** is not very clear, it is currently believed that it may be related to genetic factors, mental factors, environmental factors, autoimmune factors and infectious factors, bloody diarrhea is the most common early symptom, other clinical manifestations are abdominal pain, vomiting, mucus, pus and bloody stool, Weight loss, etc., mild patients can defecate 2-4 times a day, severe patients can defecate more than 10 times a day, which has a greater impact on work and Xi, and the onset of ulceration is slow, but it can be reversed **, prolonged and not healed, if not timely **, it can cause serious digestive complications such as toxic megacolon, intestinal perforation, intestinal hemorrhage, colorectal cancer, etc., which is life-threatening.
Patients with ulcerative colitis should abstain from spicy foods such as green onions, garlic, ginger, chili peppers, and alcohol, which are strong irritants to the gastrointestinal tract, can cause diarrhea, induce and aggravate ulcerative colitis symptoms;
Carbonated drinks are forbidden because carbonated drinks contain carbon dioxide, which can combine with stomach acid in the gastrointestinal tract to produce gas, which can aggravate ulcerative colitis symptoms, and some carbonated drinks also contain caffeine and a lot of sugar, which can induce ulcerative colitis;Nuts such as hazelnuts, pistachios, cashews, walnuts, and even popcorn are fastened, as these seeds can cause digestive difficulties, induce symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, and aggravate ulcerative colitis symptoms
Avoid dairy products such as milk, because dairy products contain lactose, for lactose intolerant patients, it can cause symptoms such as diarrhea;
Fasting high-fat foods, patients with ulcerative colitis in the active phase can have fat malabsorption, often accompanied by steatorrhea, fatty meat, fried foods and other high-fat foods can aggravate diarrhea symptoms;Fasting high-fiber foods such as celery, sweet potatoes, dried beans, peas, and coarse grains, dietary fiber not only slows down the intestinal absorption of nutrients, but also stimulates the gastrointestinal tract, increases the frequency of bowel movements, and causes flatulence and colic;
Avoid eating foods containing sulfur such as apples, beer, durian, bread, peanuts, raisins, wine, etc., which are metabolized by intestinal bacteria to produce a large amount of hydrogen sulfide gas, causing bloating and aggravating the clinical symptoms of ulcerative colitisFructose and xylitol are not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and can cause symptoms such as gas, abdominal pain, and bloating, thereby aggravating the symptoms of ulcerative colitisAvoid eating coffee, tea, chocolate and other foods containing caffeine, caffeine has strong gastrointestinal irritation and can worsen the symptoms of ulcerative colitis patients.
Finally, foods such as eggs, pumpkin, avocados, instant oatmeal, salmon and yogurt with probiotics are more suitable for people with ulcerative colitis because they not only provide rich nutrients, but also aid digestion and absorption and prevent symptoms**.